Preoperative comprehensive malignancy risk estimation for thyroid nodules: Development and verification of a network-based prediction model

BackgroundIn order to avoid excessive treatment of thyroid nodules in the clinic, it is necessary to find a simple and practical analysis method to comprehensively and accurately reflect benign or malignant thyroid nodules. This study aimed to construct and validate a comprehensive and reliable network-based predictive model using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria for thyroid nodules to stratify the risk of malignancy prior to surgery.MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed data from patients who underwent surgical treatment for thyroid nodules at the Thyroid and Breast Diagnosis and Treatment Center of Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine between January 2018 and December 2020. Binary logical regression analysis was performed to predict whether nodules were malignant or benign. The developmental dataset included 457 patients (January 2018–December 2020). The validation set included separate data points (n = 225, January 2018–December 2020).ResultsIn this study, criteria that showed significant predictive value for malignant nodules included TI-RADS: 4b (p = 0.065); Bethesda IV, Bethesda V, Bethesda VI (P < 0.0001); BRAF^V600E mutation (P < 0.0001); Calcitonin>5 pg/ml (p = 0.0037); and FNA-Tg>30 ng/ml (p = 0.0003). A 10-grade risk scoring system was developed. The risk of malignancy risk ranged from 2.06% to 100% and was positively associated with increasing risk grade. The areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve of the development and validation sets were 0.972 and 0.946, respectively.ConclusionA simple, comprehensive and reliable web-based predictive model was designed using a variety of imaging and laboratory criteria to stratify thyroid nodules by probability of malignancy.     

Acute Myocardial Infarction From Embolized Left Ventricular Thrombus in Coronavirus Disease 2019

A 44-year-old man with a late presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia developed a left ventricular apical thrombus resulting in an asymptomatic anterior myocardial infarction due to extensive thrombosis of the left anterior descending artery. There are increasing reports of thrombotic complications in patients infected with COVID-19. This case highlights the risk of thrombotic events caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related corona virus-2 and the associated challenges in management. The objective of this case report is to generate primary literature and raise awareness and appreciation for cardiac manifestations of COVID-19.     

甲状腺恶性肿瘤并发颈内静脉瘤栓2例并文献复习

目的 探讨甲状腺肿瘤并发颈静脉瘤栓病人的临床特征及诊治方式。方法 检索2000年 1月至2018年10月国内期刊发表的关于甲状腺肿瘤并发颈静脉瘤栓病人的个案报道，并结合贵州省人民医院血管甲状腺外科收治的2例病人病例资料，分析病人的临床特征及其治疗方案。结果 文献检索获得相关文献10篇，包括23例病人。25例病人中男14例，女11例，年龄44~84（62.9±9.8）岁，瘤栓同侧的甲状腺肿瘤最大径在2.8~8.0 cm。全组病人瘤栓长度在1~30 cm，19例病人中血管内蔓延型瘤栓14例，直接侵犯型瘤栓5例。全组病人肿瘤病理学类型中甲状腺乳头状癌4例，滤泡状癌6例，低分化癌5例，未分化癌8例，肌源性低度恶性肉瘤及硬化性上皮样纤维肉瘤各1例。13例病人中9例病人行颈内静脉切除，4例病人行颈静脉切开取栓术。结论 甲状腺肿瘤并发颈静脉瘤栓病人多为血管侵袭能力极强的肿瘤，病人远期预后很差，应积极采取手术治疗去除瘤栓，改善病人的预后。