Acute Myocardial Infarction From Embolized Left Ventricular Thrombus in Coronavirus Disease 2019

A 44-year-old man with a late presentation of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia developed a left ventricular apical thrombus resulting in an asymptomatic anterior myocardial infarction due to extensive thrombosis of the left anterior descending artery. There are increasing reports of thrombotic complications in patients infected with COVID-19. This case highlights the risk of thrombotic events caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-related corona virus-2 and the associated challenges in management. The objective of this case report is to generate primary literature and raise awareness and appreciation for cardiac manifestations of COVID-19.     

Atypical and secondary hemolytic uremic syndromes have a distinct presentation and no common genetic risk factors

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Successful plasma exchange in a 34-year-old woman with diabetic ketoacidosis and a thrombotic microangiopathy

Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a rare complication reported in the pediatric setting. We report a case of an adult patient with new-onset DM, DKA, and TMA who was treated successfully with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). The patient underwent five procedures and experienced quick recovery in her platelet count and a near-normalization of her LDH. Within 3 days, ADAMTS13 activity was reported at 40.7% (>66.8%). After a protracted hospital course, mostly focused on treating the patient's bilateral hemorrhagic chemosis, the patient was discharged on hospital day 30. TMA is associated with a spectrum of diseases such as TTP and sepsis but, to our knowledge, it has not been reported in the setting of DKA in an adult patient. Evidence supports that metabolic alterations associated with DKA and its treatment disrupt basal hemostatic mechanisms and promote a thrombotic state. Although ADAMTS13 activity was only moderately decreased, our patient responded rapidly to TPE, with a striking increase and stabilization of her PLT count that was durable beyond discharge. As reported recently, patients who have TMA with ADAMTS13 activity levels >10% have a range of diagnoses, presentations, and outcomes. Although the underlying microangiopathic process is incompletely understood, these patients may respond well to TPE, as was seen in this case.     

非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎与卒中

非细菌性血栓性心内膜炎（nonbacterial thromboendocarditis，NBTE）是一种异质性疾病，以 心脏瓣膜赘生物形成为特征。NBTE与恶性肿瘤及其他原因所致的高凝状态有关，是引起隐匿性卒中 的原因之一。经食道超声心动图和头颅MRI是诊断NBTE相关卒中的重要方法。合并恶性肿瘤的NBTE 患者发生卒中的风险较正常人群高，短期内卒中的复发率高、预后差。因此，早期识别NBTE相关性卒 中，并开展相应的治疗和二级预防是值得临床关注的问题。目前对NBTE的治疗包括原发肿瘤的治疗 和抗凝治疗两部分。