High concentrations of endogenous oestradiol (E2) correlate with the proliferation of cancer cells. Resveratrol (a dietary chemopreventive agent) at high concentrations has an anti-oestrogenic effect. E2 and resveratrol are conjugated via common uridine diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and sulfotransferases (SULT) enzymes.
Experiments were conducted in MCF-7 mammalian cells stably expressing human SULT1A1 or SULT1E1 to observe the effect of resveratrol on E2-mediated cell proliferation. The combination of E2 and resveratrol did have a proliferative effect in cells expressing SULT1E1, but not in those expressing SULT1A1.
The effect of resveratrol (1–500 μM) on the glucuronidation of E2 (0.25–2.25 μM) was characterized in human liver microsomes. The highest resveratrol concentration significantly decreased the intrinsic clearance of E2 glucuronidation.
The results corroborate the reported significant inhibition of SULT1E1-mediated E2 sulfation in vitro by resveratrol. Thus, resveratrol may interact with E2 in vivo by inhibiting its conjugation.
Dietary flavonoids catechin, epicatechin, eriodictyol, and hesperetin were investigated as substrates and inhibitors of human sulfotransferases (hSULTs). Purified recombinant proteins and human intestine cytosol were used as enzyme sources.
hSULT1A1 and hSULT1A3 as well as human intestine cytosol can catalyse the sulfation of the investigated flavonoids.
Sulfation of catechin, epicatechin, eriodictyol, and hesperetin by recombinant hSULTs showed substrate inhibition at high flavonoid concentrations.
Hesperetin and eriodictyol are potent inhibitors of purified hSULT1A1, hSULT1A3, hSULT1E1, and hSULT2A1. Catechin and epicatechin inhibited hSULT1A1 and hSULT1A3, but not hSULT1E1 and hSULT2A1.
The sulfation efficacy and potency of inhibition is related to the C-ring structure of flavonoids. These results suggest that dietary flavonoids may regulate human SULT activity and, therefore, affect the regulation of hormones and neurotransmitters, detoxification of drugs, and the bioactivation of pro- carcinogens and pro-mutagens.
1.?Human cytosolic sulfotransferase 1B1 (SULT1B1) sulfates small phenolic compounds and bioactivates polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. To date, no SULT1B1 allelic variants have been well-characterized.2.?While cloning SULT1B1 from human endometrial specimens, an allelic variant resulting in valine instead of leucine at the 145th amino acid position (L145V) was detected. NCBI reported this alteration as the highest frequency SULT1B1 allelic variant.3.?L145V frequency comprised 9% of 37 mixed-population human patients and was specific to African Americans with an allelic frequency of 25%. Structurally, replacement of leucine with valine potentially destabilizes a conserved helix (α8) that forms the “floor” of both the substrate and PAPS binding domains. This destabilization results in altered kinetic properties including a four-fold decrease in affinity for PAP (3′, 5′-diphosphoadenosine). Kms for 3′-phosphoadenosine- 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) are similar; however, maximal turnover rate of the variant isoform (0.86?pmol/(min*μg)) is slower than wild-type (WT) SULT1B1 (1.26?pmol/(min*μg)). The L145V variant also displays altered kinetics toward small phenolic substrates, including a diminished p-nitrophenol Km and increased susceptibility to 1-naphthol substrate inhibition.4.?No significant correlation between genotype and prostate or colorectal cancer was observed in patients; however, the variant isoform could underlie specific pathologies in sub-Saharan African carriers. 相似文献
Sulfation of resveratrol, a polyphenolic compound present in grapes and wine with anticancer and cardioprotective activities, was studied in human liver cytosol. In the presence of 3′-phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate, three metabolites (M1–3) whose structures were identified by mass spectrometry and NMR as trans-resveratrol-3-O-sulfate, trans-resveratrol-4′-O-sulfate, and trans-resveratrol-3-O-4′-O-disulfate, respectively. The kinetics of M1 formation in human liver cytosol exhibited an pattern of substrate inhibition with a Ki of 21.3?±?8.73?µM and a Vmax/Km of 1.63?±?0.41?µL?min?1mg?1 protein. Formation of M2 and M3 showed sigmoidal kinetics with about 56-fold higher Vmax/Km values for M3 than for M2 (2.23?±?0.14 and 0.04?±?0.01?µL?min?1?mg?1). Incubation in the presence of human recombinant sulfotransferases (SULTs) demonstrated that M1 is almost exclusively catalysed by SULT1A1 and only to a minor extent by SULT 1A2, 1A3 and 1E1, whereas M2 is selectively formed by SULT1A2. M3 is mainly catalysed by SULT1A2 and 1A3. In conclusion, the results elucidate the enzymatic pathways of resveratrol in human liver, which must be considered in humans following oral uptake of dietary resveratrol. 相似文献
The posttranslational sulfation of tyrosine has been though to be initiated by the recognition of specific consensus features
by the sulfating enzyme tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST). However, using these recognition features to identify new
tyrosine sulfation sites misses recently characterized sites that lack these features. Rigorous analysis of the amino acids
surrounding the target tyrosin using the position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM) demonstrates that a consensus sequence does
not contain all the information necessary to predict tyrosine sulfation. Instead, accurate prediction requires consideration
of all residues within five amino acids on either side of the target tyrosine. These results support the notion that secondary
structure is the major determinant of sulfation and that other residues within the sulfation site can compensate for deviations
from commonly observed features. This view implies that specific consensus features are not critical for TPST substrate recognition
but that TPST may instead broadly recognize any sufficiently exposed tyrosine residue. 相似文献