Biomolecular alterations in the early life stages of four food fish following acute exposure of Triclosan

We investigated the effect of acute concentrations of triclosan (TCS; 96 h exposure and 10d post exposure) on the free amino acid, primary (SDS-PAGE) and secondary (FT-IR) structure of proteins in the embryos/larvae of Cyprinus carpio, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. A concentration dependent increase in free amino acids, upregulation of polypeptides (100 and 70 kDa in C. carpio, C. idella and L. rohita, 55, 45, 36 kda in C. idella and L. rohita and 22 kDa in all the fish) and a decline in percent area of all the selected peaks of the FT-IR spectra was observed after exposure and recovery period. The decline in percent area was greatest for L. rohita at peak 1080 – 1088 cm⁻¹ (−75.99%) after exposure and at peak 2854 – 2855 cm⁻¹ (−53.59%) after recovery. Curve fitting analysis revealed a decrease in α-helices and increase in β-sheets in all fish after exposure and recovery period. The results suggest that TCS elicits alterations in biomolecules of fish embryos.     

不同时期颅骨修补术对颅脑损伤患者术后神经功能的影响研究

目的探讨不同时期颅骨修补术对颅脑损伤患者术后神经功能的影响。方法 选取我院在2013 年1 月～2020 年1 月收治的60 例颅脑损伤患者为研究对象，随机分为早期组（n=30）与晚期组（n=30），分别予以早期、晚期颅骨修补术；比较两组患者的治疗效果、神经功能、日常生活活动能力及并发症发生情况。结果 （1）早期组优良率为86.67%，明显高于晚期组的60.00%（P＜0.05）。（2）早期组与晚期组术前NIHSS 评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），两组术后NIHSS 评分均明显低于术前，且早期组明显低于晚期组（P＜0.05）。（3）早期组与晚期组术前Barthel 指数比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），两组术后Barthel 指数均明显高于术前，且早期组明显高于晚期组（P＜0.05）。（4）早期组并发症总发生率为10.00%，明显低于晚期组的23.33%（P＜0.05）。结论 对颅脑损伤患者早期予以颅骨修补术治疗可获得更好的治疗效果，能够明显改善患者神经功能，提高日常生活活动能力，减少并发症的发生。     

In vivo measures of tau burden are associated with atrophy in early Braak stage medial temporal lobe regions in amyloid-negative individuals

IntroductionIt is unclear the degree to which tau pathology in the medial temporal lobe (MTL) measured by ¹⁸F-flortaucipir positron emission tomography relates to MTL subregional atrophy and whether this relationship differs between amyloid-β–positive and amyloid-β–negative individuals.MethodsWe analyzed correlation of MTL ¹⁸F-flortaucipir uptake with MTL subregional atrophy measured with high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging in a region of interest and regional thickness analysis and determined the relationship between memory performance and positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging measures.ResultsBoth groups showed strong correlations between ¹⁸F-flortaucipir uptake and atrophy, with similar spatial patterns. Effects in the rhinal cortex recapitulated Braak staging. Correlations of memory recall with atrophy and tracer uptake were observed.DiscussionCorrelation patterns between tau burden and atrophy in the amyloid-β–negative group mimicking early Braak stages suggests that ¹⁸F-flortaucipir is sensitive to tau pathology in primary age-related tauopathy. Correlations of imaging measures with memory performance indicate that this pathology is associated with poorer cognition.     

基于病因病机分析各省市新型冠状病毒肺炎的中医药防治

新型冠状病毒肺炎属于中医学“疫病”范畴。疫情爆发以来,全国各省市卫生行政管理部门坚持中西医结合原则,陆续制定了各省市的中医药防治方案,三因制宜,分期分型辨证并不断完善。笔者全面收集并整理相关信息,基于病因病机分析了各省市中医药防治方案,认为此次疫病是外感疫气,病位主要在肺卫,病邪主要表现为“毒、湿、热、虚、寒”。此“毒”即为疫气,武汉遇暖冬,非其时而有其气而发疫,一气一病,播散流行,治疫必先治毒;“湿”邪之地在南北方各占一半,东西部均有,在南方源于季节和地域,在北方可由寒挟杂,治疗均应祛湿;“热”主要见于南方,为南方常见的病邪,亦可因湿毒入里,湿郁化热,而在北方热与湿同现,主要是因湿毒入里,湿郁化热,治热均以清为主;“虚”则主要在北方,北方冬季多寒,易伤正致虚,或邪正交争激烈,伤阳伤阴致虚,宜祛邪为标,扶正为本;“寒”见于北方和南方山区,寒气过甚,易伤阳伤正,故尤其要注重预防,且以补正气为主。中医防疫治疫应三因制宜,重视预防,与时俱进。     

从母胎界面着眼探究子痫前期的发病机制

        子痫前期（pre-eclampsia，PE）是指妊娠20周以后出现的新发高血压伴多系统受累和损害的综合征。在世界范围内，每年子痫前期可造成大于50万新生儿和胎儿以及大于7万孕产妇死亡，全球发病率约2%～8%［1］。而重度子痫前期可继发出现溶血、肝酶升高、血小板减少等，即HELLP综合征，导致全身多个系统器官损害。子痫前期是多种因素共同作用所致，因此应该从多角度、多机制探究子痫前期的分子病理学基础，方有可能实现PE的早期预测和预防。 浏览更多请关注本刊微信公众号及当期杂志。