Splenic devascularization can replace splenectomy during adult living donor liver transplantation – a historical cohort study

Simultaneous splenectomy (SSPX) in adult living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT) has definitely beneficial roles such as portal flow modulation in small‐for‐size graft and correction of hypersplenism‐related pancytopenia, and so on, but disastrous complications after SSPX often occur. For the first time, we devised unique and innovative splenic devascularization (SDV) procedure to alleviated untoward effects of SSPX but to maintain its benefits for the indicated patients. From April 2013 to December 2014, 520 recipients underwent ALDLT, and the SSPX and SDV were simultaneously performed in 62 (11.9%) and 61 (11.7%) patients, respectively. The most common indication was hypersplenism‐related pancytopenia (n = 101), small‐for‐size graft (n = 14), hepatitis C virus (HCV) (n = 7), and splenic artery aneurysm (n = 1). Postoperative small‐for‐size graft syndrome (SFSS) was absent in both SSPX and SDV, and preoperative pancytopenia was improved in both groups since postoperative 1 week, although SSPX was more substantial than SDV. Preoperative splenic volume (706.2 ± 282.9 ml) after SDV significantly decreased to 425.5 ± 204.4 ml on 1 month, respectively. In contrast to SDV, SSPX resulted in longer operation time and higher incidence of postoperative complications including mortality. In conclusion, SDV can replace SSPX during ALDLT without hampering its beneficial roles seriously, but get rid of splenectomy‐related lethal complication.     

Surgery of the spleen

The spleen is a solid organ located beneath the left hemidiaphragm. Indications for surgical resection include trauma (blunt or penetrating), haematological diseases, abscesses, hydatid disease, oncological resection or immunosuppression. Surgical approaches include open, laparoscopic and, more recently, robotic; the complications of operative intervention will also be discussed. In patients with an absent spleen there is a significant increased risk of developing overwhelming post-splenectomy infection (OPSI). It is therefore essential to protect patients from infection due to encapsulated organisms through vaccination. This requires a combination of vaccinations, antibiotic prophylaxis and good education.     

Unusual association of Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome and wandering spleen:A case report

BACKGROUND Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome(ARS)is an autosomal dominant genetic disease characterized by ocular developmental disorders and its association with torsion of wandering spleen(WS)has not been reported to date to the best of our knowledge.This study aimed to describe a rare case of ARS observed at our emergency department.CASE SUMMARY A 25-year-old female presented with a constant lower abdominal pain of increasing severity.Diagnostic computed tomography with intravenous contrast material showed a non-homogenously enhanced splenic parenchyma with a twisted vascular pedicle.Further,an emergent laparoscopic exploration was performed,and an ischemic spleen without its normal ligamentous attachments was noted.Notably,the spleen did not regain its normal vascularity after detorsion;thus,we performed the laparoscopic total splenectomy.The postoperative course was uneventful,and the patient was discharged on the 5th postoperative day.This case demonstrates a rare association of WS and ARS.CONCLUSION Early diagnosis of WS in the emergency department is important to prevent pedicle torsion or splenic necrosis and to avoid splenectomy.     

肝脏脾植入误诊为肝细胞癌1例

[摘要]?本文报道了1例肝脏左外叶脾植入误诊为肝左叶小肝癌的病例，详细描述其临床特点、实验室检查、超声、磁共振及病理结果，并进行讨论。     

腹腔镜脾切除术对脾破裂患者白细胞介素-2、人单核细胞表面DR抗原的影响

目的 研究腹腔镜脾切除术对机体术后早期免疫功能的影响程度。方法 将32例外伤性脾破裂患者随机分为腹腔镜脾切除术（LS）组和剖腹脾切除术（OS）组，比较两组术后外周血IL-2和单核细胞HLA-DR的含量变化。结果 术前30 mim两组各指标差异均无显著性（P >0.05）；IL-2：术后第1 d，两组均显著低于术前（P <0.05），但OS组下降程度明显大于LS组（P <0.05）；术后第4 d，OS组较术后第1 d有所升高，但仍显著低于术前（P <0.05），LS组已恢复至术前水平（P >0.05），显著高于OS组（P <0.05）。HLA-DR：术后第l d，两组均显著低于术前（P <0.05），组间差异无显著性（P >0.05）；术后第4 d，两组均有所升高，仍均显著低于术前（P <0.05），但LS组显著高于OS组（P <0.05）。结论 LS和OS对机体术后早期免疫功能均有一定程度的抑制，但LS抑制较小。     

腹腔镜脾切除术治疗难治性免疫性血小板减少症疗效观察

目的分析腹腔镜脾切除术(LS)治疗成人难治性免疫性血小板减少症(ITP)的疗效。方法对2010年3月至2012年5月我科收治的难治性ITP患者共47例临床资料进行分析。结果 46例顺利完成LS,1例因脾蒂出血中转开腹,随访24个月。完全反应(CR)30例、部分反应(PR)8例、无反应(NR)9例,总体有效率80.8%。血小板计数(BPC)峰值时间出现在术后第7天左右,术后2个月时血小板数目基本稳定,CR组、PR组与NR组的血小板数目以及年龄均有统计学差异(P0.05)。结论腹腔镜脾切除安全有效,患者年龄是影响预后的因素,手术时间、术中出血与疗效无关,术后第7天BPC数目可反映预后,术后2个月BPC数目与2年后一致。     

丙型肝炎肝硬化合并脾功能亢进腹腔镜下脾全切除术后行抗病毒治疗的疗效观察

目的观察丙型肝炎肝硬化合并脾功能亢进患者在行手助腹腔镜下脾全切除术后采用聚乙二醇干扰素(Peg-IFNα-2α)联合利巴韦林抗病毒治疗的疗效。方法 46例丙型肝炎肝硬化(基因型为Ib型)合并脾亢患者,行手助腹腔镜下脾全切除术,待脾亢改善3个月后,予以Peg-IFNα-2α135μg或180μg皮下注射,每周1次,联合利巴韦林800~1 200 mg/d抗病毒治疗,疗程48周。抗病毒期间,第1、2、4、6、8、12周随访,之后每4周随访1次,停药后继续观察24周。治疗及随访期间观察HCV RNA水平、血常规、肝功能及抗病毒期间的不良反应。结果丙型肝炎肝硬化(基因型为Ib型)合并脾亢患者行手助腹腔镜下脾全切除术后,给予Peg-IFNα-2α联合利巴韦林抗病毒治疗后的持续病毒学应答率(SVR)为67.39%(31/46)。结论丙型肝炎肝硬化合并脾功能亢进患者,行手助腹腔镜下脾全切除术改善脾亢后予以PegIFNα-2α联合利巴韦林抗病毒治疗后有较好的SVR,从而延缓了丙型肝硬化患者肝硬化的进展。     

特发性门静脉高压症13例临床诊治分析

目的 通过对特发性门静脉高压症（idiopathic portal hypertension,IPH）患者的临床症状、影像学检查、手术治疗方式及预后情况描述,探讨特发性门静脉高压症的诊断、治疗及预后状况。方法 回顾性分析解放军总医院第五医学中心自2010年1月至2019年12月外科手术治疗的13例特发性门静脉高压症患者的临床资料,患者行胃镜检查发现食管胃底静脉曲张,5例出现上消化道出血,均无肝硬化。结果 13例均行脾切除+断流术+肝组织活检术,肝组织活检病理均可排除其他类型门静脉高压症,可提示特发性门静脉高压症。术后随访,患者食管胃底静脉曲张减轻,近期内出血风险明显降低,生活质量改善。1例在术后第4年出现黑便状况。结论 特发性门静脉高压症确诊主要依靠肝组织活检病理的排除性诊断,多普勒超声对特发性门静脉高压症具有一定的诊断价值。相对于内科药物治疗,外科脾切除加断流术能够更有效治疗IPH,且治疗效果要好于肝硬化型门静脉高压症。     

腹腔镜脾部分切除术20例诊治分析

目的:探讨腹腔镜脾部分切除术的安全性及可行性,并总结诊治经验、围手术期处理与体会。方法:回顾分析2012年3月至2018年10月行腹腔镜脾部分切除术患者的临床资料,分析整理临床数据。结果:共入选20例患者,其中男6例,女14例;16~61岁,平均(37.5±14.9)岁。20例手术均成功完成,无一例中转开放手术。手术时间75~280 min,平均(172.0±56.1)min;术中出血量20~300 mL,平均(110.5±75.8)mL。病灶位于脾脏上极13例,脾脏中下极7例。术后病理证实:脾脏囊肿10例,脾血管瘤4例,脉管瘤3例,卵巢癌脾脏转移1例,反应性炎性假瘤2例。随访10~86个月,平均(25.0±8.7)个月,未见复发病例。结论:腹腔镜脾部分切除术是安全、可行的,在切除病灶的同时保留了正常脾脏功能。具体手术方案及术中配合应根据病灶部位、性质、术者习惯等灵活调整。