The effect of soy intervention on insulin‐like growth factor 1 levels: A meta‐analysis of clinical trials

A low insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) level is known to be associated with many disorders. Several studies have shown that soy consumption may influence IGF‐1, but the findings remain inconclusive. In this work, we conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to provide a more accurate estimation of the effect of soy consumption on plasma IGF‐1. A comprehensive systematic search was performed in Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and PubMed/MEDLINE databases from inception until October 2019. Eight studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) of the eligible studies was calculated with random‐effects approach. Overall, a significant increment in plasma IGF‐1 was observed following soy intervention (WMD: 13.5 ng/ml, 95% CI: 5.2, 21.8, I² = 97%). Subgroup analyses demonstrated a significantly greater increase in IGF‐1, when soy was administered at a dosage of ≤40 g/day (WMD: 11.7 ng/ml, 95% CI: 10.9 to 12.6, I² = 98%), and when the intervention duration was <12 weeks (WMD: 26.6 ng/ml, 95% CI: 9.1 to 44.1, I² = 0.0%). In addition, soy intervention resulted in a greater increase in IGF‐1 among non‐healthy subjects (WMD: 36 ng/ml, 95% CI: 32.7 to 39.4, I² = 84%) than healthy subjects (WMD: 9.8 ng/ml, 95% CI: 8.9 to 10.7, I² = 90%). In conclusion, this study provided the first meta‐analytical evidence that soy intake may increase IGF‐1 levels, but the magnitude of the increase is dependent on the intervention dosage, duration, and health status of the participants.     

Reduction of the allergenic protein in soybean meal by enzymatic hydrolysis

The effects of Alcalase and Trypsin hydrolysis on the allergenic protein and its solubility of soybean meal (SBM) were investigated by SDS-PAGE and ELISA. After 10 min of hydrolysis with Alcalase, the solubility of the protein was 87.19%, the α′, α and β-subunits of β-conglycinin disappeared and the acidic and basic subunits of glycinin decreased obviously by SDS-PAGE pattern. However, with Trypsin for 10 min, the solubility of the protein was 72.74%. The contents of α′, α subunits of β-conglycinin decreased slightly in SDS-PAGE, and the acidic and basic subunits of glycinin were almost not affected. For the insoluble hydrolysates prepared by Alcalase, the α′, α subunits of β-conglycinin and acidic subunit of glycinin decreased significantly, that by trypsin did not. The content of immune-reactive β-conglycinin obtained by ELISA was consistent with them. These results confirmed that the allergenic proteins of SBM were more sensitive to Alcalase than to Trypsin.     

大豆异黄酮对去势大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合的影响

目的研究大豆异黄酮在大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程中的干预效果。方法将50只6月龄雌性SD大鼠随机分成5组:正常对照组、骨折组、骨质疏松组、骨质疏松性骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折治疗组,每组10只。正常对照组、骨折组只进行手术入路而不切除卵巢。骨质疏松组、骨质疏松性骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折治疗组摘除双侧卵巢制备骨质疏松模型。8周后,骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折治疗组制备右侧股骨干中段横行骨折模型。骨质疏松性骨折治疗组每日灌胃大豆异黄酮50 mg/kg(剂量1.5 ml/kg),骨折组、骨质疏松性骨折组灌胃等量生理盐水,连续8周。结果去卵巢后8周,骨质疏松组的骨密度显著低于正常对照组(P0.05),说明骨质疏松模型制作成功。灌胃8周后,骨质疏松性骨折组骨痂组织骨小梁数量及致密度、骨密度、血管内皮细胞生长因子的表达均显著低于骨折组和骨质疏松性骨折治疗组(P0.05)。结论大豆异黄酮在大鼠骨质疏松性骨折愈合过程中具有积极促进作用。     

A cluster analysis model for caries risk assessment

Cluster analysis was applied to determine, the natural grouping of individuals, among sixty 8-10-year-old children, and to identify the most significant set of markers for risk assessment. The risk clusters were obtained with initial clinical and bacteriological measurements including dmf + DMFS, active caries, mutans streptococci and lactobacilli counts in plaque or saliva on two media, and Snyder's test results. The morbidity clusters were constructed with the final clinical indexes and incidence after 18 months (dependent variables). A risk cluster was identified that included the following significant initial variables; dmf + DMFS, active caries, counts of mutans streptococci from plaque on TSY20B and lactobacilli in saliva, and Snyder's test results. This set of markers identified 86% of the children at high risk who developed high morbidity, as well as 94% of children in the low-risk cluster who developed low or no caries. The results of this investigation provide the basis to develop a system for caries risk assessment.     

Daidzein affects proliferation and apoptosis in non-small cell lung cancer cells:role of p53 signaling pathway北大核心CSCD

Aim To investigate the effects of daidzein（DD） on the proliferation and apoptosis of non-small cell lung cancer cells,with a focus on the possible role of the p53 signaling pathway in this regard. Methods CCK-8 method and flow cytometry were used to detect the effects of soy isoflavone crude extract and DD on the viability and apoptosis of HELF and H1299 cells. Gene microarray was used to detect the changes in gene expression after treatment of H1299 cells with DD. GSEA and differential analysis were used to screen the major pathways and key genes. RT-qPCR and Western blot were performed to verify the differences in mRNA and protein expression of key genes（p53 and CASP9） in the major pathways. After p53 inhibitor Pifithrin-α inhibited the expression of p53,the effect of DD on p53 mRNA and protein expression levels was examined,and the proliferative effect on H1299 cells was observed. Results Soy isoflavone crude extract and DD promoted proliferation and inhibited apoptosis of normal lung cells and inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of lung cancer cells. p53 signaling pathway was significantly enriched in the DD-treated group（NES=1.78,P=0.000）,and the expressions of p53 and CASP9 genes were found to be significantly up-regulated in the treated group. Compared with the control group,mRNA expression of CASP9 and p53 significantly increased in both HELF and H1299 cells treated with DD（P<0.05）,and p53 protein expression also increased in HELF cells（P<0.05）. After inhibition of p53 expression,DD significantly increased the mRNA expression of p53 in H1299 and HELF cells（P<0.05） and also markedly increased the expression of p53 protein in H1299 cells（P<0.05）,and it was observed that DD inhibited the proliferation of lung cancer cells. Conclusions DD inhibits the proliferation and promotes the apoptosis of lung cancer H1299 cells,and the mechanism mainly involves the p53 signaling pathway. © 2023 Publication Centre of Anhui Medical University. All rights reserved.     

壮药两粤黄檀化学成分研究(I)

目的 研究壮药两粤黄檀Dalbergia benthami的化学成分。方法 通过硅胶、凝胶、HPLC等柱色谱及重结晶方法进行分离和纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据对化合物结构进行鉴定。结果 从两粤黄檀乙醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为4''-羟基-6-羟甲基-5,7-二甲氧基异黄酮（1）、β-谷甾醇（2）、胡萝卜苷（3）、豆甾醇（4）、大鱼藤树酸（5）、robustin（6）、4-hydroxy-3-（3''-hydroxy-4''-methoxyphenyl）-5-methoxy-2",2"-dimethylpyrano-（5",6"：6,7）-coumarin（7）、大鱼藤树素甲醚（8）、大鱼藤树酸甲酯（9）、4''-羟基-5,7-二甲氧基-6-（3-甲基-2-丁烯基）-异黄酮（10）、芒柄花黄素（11）、伪赝靛苷元（12）、毛蕊异黄酮（13）、豆甾醇-3-O-β-D-葡萄糖苷（14）。结论 化合物1为新化合物,命名为两粤黄檀酮;所有化合物均为首次从该属植物中分离得到。     

大豆异黄酮抑制大鼠前列腺增生及其作用机制

目的观察大豆异黄酮(SI)对良性前列腺增生(BPH)大鼠体内性激素、生长因子及细胞凋亡相关基因的影响,探讨SI对BPH的防治及作用机制。方法选择SPF级健康成年雄性SD大鼠100只,随机分为正常对照(NC)组、BPH模型组、低剂量[6 mg/(kg·d)]SI组、中剂量[12 mg/(kg·d)]SI组及高剂量[24 mg/(kg·d)]SI组,每组各20只。灌胃给药4周后麻醉处理大鼠,腹主动脉取血,制备血清;完整摘取大鼠前列腺组织。称重测定前列腺组织湿质量,计算前列腺指数(PI);酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定大鼠血清雌二醇(E2)、睾酮(T)水平;免疫质印迹法(Western blotting)检测前列腺组织Fas、Fas L、Bax、Bcl-2、表皮生长因子(EGF)及其受体EGFR的表达。结果与NC组比,BPH组前列腺组织湿质量及PI均较明显增加(P<0.05);血清E2及T水平均显著升高(P<0.05);前列腺组织中Fas L、Bcl-2、EGF及EGFR表达水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而Fas和Bax表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。与BPH组比,中、高剂量SI组前列腺组织湿质量及PI均明显减少(P<0.05);血清E2及T水平均显著下降(P<0.05);前列腺组织中Fas L、Bcl-2、EGF及EGFR表达水平均显著降低(P<0.05),而Fas和Bax表达水平显著升高(P<0.05);其中,中剂量SI组各指标变化较低、高剂量组更显著(P<0.05)。结论 SI对BPH具有较好的抑制作用,其中中剂量SI作用效果更佳,其作用机制可能与调节机体性激素水平,下调生长因子及其受体表达以及调控细胞凋亡基因表达有关。     

Structured weight-loss programs: Meta-analysis of weight loss at 24 weeks and assessment of effects of intervention intensity

Obesity is increasing in epidemic proportions globally while current therapies continue to be suboptimal. In this investigation, weight loss in obese individuals after 24 weeks with different nutrition interventions was compared. The impact of intervention intensity was assessed. Inclusion criteria were established and a comprehensive literature review was performed. These nutrition interventions were identified and analyzable: meal replacements (MRs); energy-restricted (>1500 kcal/d) diets (ERDs); low-energy (800–1500 kcal/d) diets (LEDs); soy very low energy (<800 kcal/d) diets (VLEDs) referred to as SOYs; and VLEDs. Intensity was assessed using the following parameters: physician visits, clinic visits, and hours of class over 24 weeks; an intensity score represents an adjusted sum of the values. Weight losses at 24 weeks as percentage of baseline weights (95% confidence intervals) were as follows: MRs, 9.1% (5.7–12.5); ERDs, 8.5% (4.9–12.1); LEDs, 11.4% (8.9–13.1); SOYs, 16.5% (13.9–19.1); and VLEDs, 21.3% (20.1–22.5). Weight loss with SOYs was significantly greater than with MRs and ERDs; weight loss with VLEDs was significantly greater than with any other diet. Energy intake was the most significant (P<.0001) regression variable related to weight loss; however, the intensity of intervention (P=.0003) was significantly stronger than initial body weight or duration of treatment. Medically supervised VLEDs are the most effective intervention for facilitating substantial weight loss over 24 weeks. SOY may promote more rapid weight loss over the first 8 weeks than other interventions. MRs appear to be equally effective with ERDs and LEDs with lower levels of intervention intensity.     

Soy Isoflavone Glycitin (4'‐Hydroxy‐6‐Methoxyisoflavone‐7‐D‐Glucoside) Promotes Human Dermal Fibroblast Cell Proliferation and Migration via TGF‐β Signaling

Glycitin is a soy isoflavone that exhibits antioxidant, antiallergic, and anti‐osteoporosis activities. We investigated the effects of glycitin on dermal fibroblast proliferation and migration. Treatment of primary dermal fibroblasts with glycitin increased cell proliferation and migration. In addition, treatment with 20 μM glycitin for 24 h induced the synthesis of collagen type I and type III at both the mRNA and protein levels. Fibronectin was also increased by 20% after treatment. Matrix metalloproteinase‐1 collagenase was decreased in the media after 24‐h incubation with glycitin, and the synthesis of transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) mRNA increased approximately twofold in cells following glycitin treatment. Phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 increased after 1 h of glycitin treatment, and phosphorylation continued for 24 h. Furthermore, the phosphorylated form of AKT was increased in glycitin‐treated cells after 3 h and remained higher for 24 h. Thus, glycitin treatment produces anti‐aging effects including increased total collagen in the culture media, decreased elastase, and decreased β‐galactosidase. Together, these results indicate that glycitin stimulates TGF‐β secretion, and the subsequent autocrine actions of TGF‐β induce proliferation of fibroblasts, ultimately protecting skin cells from aging and wrinkling. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

大别山野葛根异黄酮超声辅助提取工艺的响应面优化与还原力测定

 目的 确定大别山野葛根异黄酮的超声辅助最佳提取工艺与还原力。方法 在单因素实验的基础上,进行4因素5水平的Box-Behnken中心组合实验设计,利用响应面分析优化工艺条件,并测定优化工艺条件下葛根异黄酮提取液的还原力。结果 大别山野葛根异黄酮300 W功率的超声辅助提取最佳工艺条件为乙醇75%、液料比35 mL·g^-1、处理时间35 min、处理温度50 ℃,此工艺条件下葛根异黄酮得率为24.18%,相对误差仅3.02%;葛根异黄酮还原力的EC₅₀值为0.135 mg·mL^-1。结论 响应面法适用于对葛根异黄酮超声辅助提取得率进行回归分析和参数优化。