Return to competitive gymnastics training in the UK following the first COVID-19 national lockdown

Following the outbreak of COVID-19 (coronavirus), the UK entered a national lockdown, and all sport was suspended. The study aimed to explore the process of returning to gymnastics training after several months away from the gym, with a particular interest towards training load and injury. Twenty-six, national programmed gymnasts from Men's artistic, Women's artistic and Trampoline gymnastics recorded training load and injury whilst returning to training. At the end of data collection, three coaches were interviewed to further explore the experiences and practices of returning to training. Home-based training during lockdown was seen as beneficial in maintaining a level of fitness. Coaches described a gradual increase in training to reduce the risk of injury, and this partly explains a non-significant association between training load and a substantial injury (p = 0.441). However, week-to-week changes in training load following periods of additional restrictions (additional lockdown, periods of isolation, or substantial restrictions) were not always gradual. There was a significant association between an injury in the preceding week (niggle or substantial injury to a different body part) and a substantial injury in the subsequent week (RR: 5.29, p = 0.011). Monitoring training was described to be a useful practice during the process of returning to training. Coaches believed that although the short-term development of their gymnasts was affected, the long-term development would not be impacted from COVID-19. It is anticipated that learnings from this study can be applied to future practices and situations, particularly when gymnasts are away from the gym for an extended period.     

残疾预防计划对肢残者重返岗位效果的研究

目的:探讨在残疾预防计划对广东地区工伤肢残者出院后结局的影响。方法:选取2018年2~7月在我院进行工伤康复的肢残患者160例,按照入院先后顺序分为观察组和对照组各80例,对照组采取传统医疗康复措施,观察组采取传统医疗康复措施+残疾预防计划措施,观察两组干预前后就业意愿评估,在出院后进行为其三个月的随访,以出院时的就业意愿、出院后三个月内成功复工率、复工后的工作满意度作为职业康复疗效测量指标研究残疾预防计划对肢残者出院结局的影响。结果:两组样本具有可比性,两组样本在干预后的就业意愿发生变化,组间差异不显著(P>0.05);观察组在三个月内成功复工率(89.6%)高于对照组(71.8%),两组差异显著(P<0.05);两组复工人员的工作满意度无显著差异(P>0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,复工人群的工作满意度受工种及公司性质的影响。结论:残疾预防计划有助于提高肢残者出院后的复工率,但对其就业意愿及工作满意度效果不明显;工种、公司性质是肢残者复工后工作满意度的主要影响因素,可以从工种、公司性质两方面设计干预措施以提高肢残者工作满意度。     

Posterior-Stabilized Antibiotic Cement Articulating Spacer With Endoskeleton-Reinforced Cam Reduces Rate of Post-Cam Mechanical Complications in Prosthetic Knee Infection: A Preliminary Study

BackgroundPosterior-stabilized antibiotic cement articulating spacers (PS spacers) reduce spacer mechanical complications in prosthetic knee infections (PKIs); however, joint dislocation after femoral cam fracture has been reported. We hypothesized that the rate of post-cam mechanical complications is lower in PS spacers with an endoskeleton-reinforced cam.MethodA retrospective study of PKIs using PS spacers with or without a Kirschner wire–reinforced cam (K-PS or nK-PS spacers, respectively) was conducted between 2015 and 2019. The rates of post-cam mechanical complications and reoperation, as well as risk factors for post or cam failure, were analyzed.ResultsThe cohort included 118 nK-PS and 49 K-PS spacers. All patients were followed up for 2 years. The rate of joint subluxation/dislocation after femoral cam fracture was lower in K-PS (0%) than in nK-PS spacers (17.8%; P = .002). The reoperation rate for spacer mechanical complications was lower in K-PS (0%) than in nK-PS spacers (11.9%; P = .008). The identified risk factors for femoral cam fractures were body mass index ≥25 kg/m², femoral spacer size ≤2, and surgical volume ≤12 resection arthroplasties per year.ConclusionThis preliminary study highlights that K-PS spacers have a lower rate of post-cam mechanical complications than nK-PS spacers. We recommend the use of PS spacers with endoskeleton-reinforced cam when treating PKIs performed by surgeons with lower surgical volumes, especially in patients with higher body mass index and smaller femoral spacer sizes.     

Retour veineux pulmonaire anormal partiel chez une patiente de 64 ans

Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) represents 3 % of the congenital cardiopathies. Diagnosis in adults is challenging as clinical symptomatology is non-specific and echocardiographic signs are discrete and misleading potentially confusing with idiopathic pulmonary hypertension. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman in whom we diagnosed PAPVR associated with sinus venosus atrial septal defect. We describe medical history, clinical signs, investigations and postoperative evolution.     

安氏II1 错牙合软组织变化的临床研究

目的：探讨安氏II¹ 错牙合畸形病人在MBT 直丝弓矫治技术配合斜面导板矫治前后的整体容貌的变化
及软组织变化规侓，为临床对安氏II¹ 错牙合畸形的诊断及治疗提供参考依据。方法: 选择40 例符合标准的病例，不
拔牙矫治，采用MBT 直丝弓矫治技术配合斜面导板，按矫治的不同阶段分为: 矫治前，矫治中( 上颌排齐阶段) ，矫治
后( 摘斜导及矫治结束阶段) ，每一病例在每个阶段结束后，均在同一台头颅定位仪X 光机( Kodak 8000 c 全景片
机) 拍摄X 线头颅侧位定位片，利用头影测量分析软件( Winceph 8． 0软件) 标定软组织标志点、绘图，测量出软组织
各测量项目值，对颌面部软组织的变化进行投影测量分析。其中标志点为S( 蝶鞍点，Sella) ，N’( 软组织鼻根点，
Nassion of Soft Tissue) ，Sn( 鼻下点，Subnasale) ，B’( 下唇凹点，颏唇沟Mentolabial sulcus 最凹处) ，Cm( 鼻小柱点，Columella)
，Po( 颏前点，Pogonion) ，Ls( 上唇突点，Labrale Superius) ，Li( 下唇突点，Labrale Inferius) 。7 项软组织测量指
标为: Ls － E( 上唇审美平面距，上唇突点到审美平面的垂直距离) ，Li － E( 下唇审美平面距，下唇突点到审美平面的
垂直距离) ，S － N’－ Sn( 上唇基角，由蝶鞍点、软组织鼻根点和鼻下点构成) ，S － N’－ B’( 下唇基角，由蝶鞍点、软组
织鼻根点和下唇凹点构成) ，Cm － Sn － Ls( 鼻唇角，Cm、Sn、Ls 三点连线所成的角) ，N’－ Sn － Po( 面突角) ，Z 角( 颏
前点Po 与上唇或下唇最突点的连线与FH 平面所成的后下角) 。数据采用SPSS 13． 0软件进行统计学处理，分析矫
治前、中、后测量指标的变化及各指标间的相关性。结果: 1、安氏II¹ 错牙合畸形的病人矫治后整体容貌的变化主要表
现为: 下颌后缩得以改善，侧貌实现协调与美观的效果。2、安氏II¹ 病例矫治前、中、后软组织测量项目的变化: 鼻
唇角增大和面突角减小，上下唇到审美平面距减少。S － N’－ Sn 和Ls － E、和Cm － Sn － Ls 变大( P ＜ 0． 05) ，有统计
学意义。结论: 1、对于恒牙早期安氏II¹ 下颌后缩的病人，采用MBT 直丝弓矫治器联合斜面导板早期治疗，能有效
改变软组织的侧貌，实现颌、牙合、面的协调与美观。2、在治疗过程中，Cm － Sn － Ls、N’－ Sn － Po、Z 角、S － N’－ Sn、S
－ N’－ B’Ls － E 和Li － E 的变化，与上下颌切牙倾斜度和颌骨的位置相关，因此，在正畸治疗中，根据硬组织的
改变来预测软组织的变化具有重要的指导意义。     

Is the future magnetic? Magseed localisation for non palpable breast cancer. A multi-centre non randomised control study

IntroductionMagseed is an alternative method of localising non-palpable breast lesions that has addressed many of the limitations of wire guided localisation (WGL). It consists of a paramagnetic seed that can be visualised on mammography and ultrasound. Intraoperative localisation of the seed is achieved with the use of the Sentimag probe. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare localisation in patients undergoing wide local excision (WLE) for non-palpable lesions between Magseed and WGL.MethodsWe prospectively collected data on all patients undergoing image-guided WLE between October 2017 and September 2018 in two academic breast units with a planned accrual of 100 consecutive patients undergoing Magseed localisation. Data was also collected on a cohort of 100 consecutive patients undergoing WGL in the same time period.ResultsDemographic and disease characteristics were well balanced between the two groups. 4/104 patients were converted preoperatively from Magseed to WGL (2 misplaced Magseeds; 2 undetected Magseeds). Intraoperative identification and excision of the localised lesion was successful in all patients as confirmed with specimen radiography. Overall no significant differences were observed in the proportion of patients requiring re-excision between the two groups (Magseed 16% vs. WGL 14% p = 0.692). Specimens size by weight and volume was similar for both groups (Magseed 39.6 g vs. WGL 44.5 g p = 0.206 and 90.1 cm³ for Magseed vs. 95.6 cm³ for WGL p = 0.579).ConclusionsIn our series Magseed localisation proved to be as reliable and effective as WGL in terms of lesion identification, excision with tumour free margins and specimen weight.     

Outcome of isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction at mean 6.3-year follow up: a consecutive case series

Objectives: There is a paucity of reporting on surgical outcomes of isolated posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (PCLR). We hypothesize that isolated PCL injuries failing nonoperative treatment achieve good outcomes and are able to return to sport following PCLR.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to identify patients with isolated PCL injuries that underwent reconstruction between 2001 and 2014. Patients with multi-ligamentous injury or another concomitant knee pathology were excluded. Medical records were reviewed for demographic, clinical and operative data. Patients were contacted for administration of a telephone-based questionnaire which included the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation form, Lysholm-Tegner scales, Marx activity scale (MAS), return to sport status, and patient satisfaction instruments.

Results: A total of 15 isolated PCL reconstructions in 14 patients with a mean age of 27.5 years (range 17–43) met the study inclusion criteria; mean follow up was 6.3 years (range 1.4–15.2). Pre-operatively, the primary complaint was knee instability in all patients; on physical examination, lack of a firm end point during posterior drawer testing was found in 93% (14/15) of the knees. In total, 12 of 15 knees underwent transtibial, single-bundle PCLR and three of 15 underwent tibial inlay, double bundle PCLR. Graft types included: quadriceps autograft (7/15), Achilles allograft (6/15), and hamstring autograft (2/15). There were no graft failures in our patient cohort. At most recent follow up the mean scores respectively on the IKDC form, Lysholm-Tegner scales and MAS were (standard deviation): 77.3 (16.5), 83.1 (17.9), 6.13 (2.6), and 7.1 (6.0). All fourteen patients were athletes prior to their injury and 79% (11/14) returned to sport and overall patient satisfaction was 9.2/10.

Conclusions: Isolated PCLR provides good outcomes at mean medium-term follow up with restoration of function, high rate of return to sport and overall patient satisfaction.     

改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值

目的探讨改良双腔球囊导管在插管失败的输卵管阻塞介入再通术中的应用价值。方法回顾45例输卵管阻塞性不孕患者,应用常规法行介入再通术,其中输卵管开口插管失败采用改良双腔球囊导管行介入再通,统计分析常规法组与联合改良双腔球囊导管法组(联合法组)的输卵管开口插管成功率、输卵管阻塞的开通率。结果输卵管阻塞性不孕患者45例,共阻塞输卵管90条,采用常规法输卵管开口插管成功32条,其中开通成功31条,插管成功率为35.56%,开通率96.88%。采用联合法输卵管开口插管成功90条,输卵管开通83条,插管成功率为100%,开通率92.22%,7条输卵管因阻塞病情严重无法开通,其中双侧均未能开通1例。所有患者术中均无严重并发症发生。随访12个月,妊娠率48.65%。常规法组与联合法组输卵管开口插管成功率差异具有统计学意义(χ^2=85.574,P=0.000),而输卵管开通率差异无统计学意义(χ^2=0.248,P=0.619)。结论对于常规法输卵管开口插管失败者,采用联合改良双腔球囊导管可提高输卵管开口插管成功率。采用改良双腔球囊导管介入再通与常规法开通效果相当,可作为常规介入再通输卵管开口插管失败的备选方案。