Analyses of rare predisposing variants of lung cancer in 6,004 whole genomes in Chinese

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提升“湘九味”品牌价值 高质量发展湖南中药材产业

湖南省历经8年聚力打造“湘九味”中药材品牌，已逐渐形成品牌品种引领的产业链发展模式。为达成湖南省中药材产业链千亿发展目标，梳理了“湘九味”品牌培育历程，厘清并阐释了相关概念，分析了产业发展现状及问题，研判了大健康应用背景下未来的中药材产业的发展趋势，并提出相关发展建议。     

牙龈间充质干细胞递送支架载体的研究进展

组织工程技术通过利用支架材料、种子细胞、生长因子以达到修复或再生组织器官的目的。支架材料的作用是为种子细胞提供机械支撑并且保护细胞免受体内有害微环境的影响。因此,选择或制备适当的支架材料是组织工程中的关键一步。近年来,将支架材料和牙龈间充质干细胞(gingival mesenchymal stem cells,GMSCs)联合应用于组织工程的研究逐渐走向成熟。本文就组织工程中牙龈间充质干细胞递送支架载体的研究现状进行综述,以期为GMSCs组织工程递送支架载体材料的开发和选择提供思路。     

胆道手术缝合技术与缝合材料选择中国专家共识（2018版）

正胆道缝合重建是肝胆胰外科手术的最基本操作之一,建立胆汁引流通畅、无张力、血供充足的黏膜对黏膜吻合是胆道重建的基本要求。目前,胆道重建方式繁多,但根据所须重建胆道的病理生理状况选择合适的胆道缝合方法及缝合材料是保障胆道重建成功的关键因素。随着手术技术的进步及各种缝合材料的发展,胆道缝合技术越来越精细,高质量的胆道缝合重建是病人顺利康复及减少多次手术的关键。基于此,中华医学会外科学分会组织国内部分专家结合最新文献及胆道外科的最新进     

乳腺癌术后乳房重建的腹壁缺损修复基本原则及材料选择

乳腺癌根治性切除术后的自体乳房重建目前已被广泛应用于临床，但某些术式的自体乳房重建手术会造成一定程度的腹壁缺损。腹壁缺损导致腹壁正常功能的缺失，进而引起一系列严重的病理生理学改变。目前常用的手术方式有带蒂腹直肌皮瓣和腹壁下深动脉穿支皮瓣的乳房重建。根据乳腺癌术后乳房自体重建术后不同的腹壁缺损的类型，应该在严格遵循腹壁修复的基本原则的基础上，制定相应的手术修补方案。同时根据不同的腹壁缺损范围选择适当的腹壁修复材料。乳房重建术后形成的腹壁缺损通常其腹直肌后鞘和腹膜是完整的，腹直肌前鞘也可能保留，手术方式可选择腹壁不同层次的修复，同时强调应用修补材料进行修复。     

Is There Material Loss at the Conical Junctions of Modular Components for Total Knee Arthroplasty?

BackgroundClinical concern exists regarding fretting corrosion and material loss from taper junctions in orthopedic devices, with previous research focusing on the modular components from total hip arthroplasty. Comparatively little has been published regarding the fretting corrosion and material loss in modular knee devices. The purpose of this study is to evaluate fretting corrosion damage and quantify material loss for conical total knee arthroplasty taper interfaces.MethodsStem tapers of 166 retrieved modular knee devices were evaluated for fretting corrosion using a semiquantitative scoring method. High precision profilometry was then used to determine volumetric material loss and maximum wear depth for a subset of 37 components (implanted for 0.25-18.76 years). Scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were used to characterize the observed damage.ResultsMild to severe fretting corrosion was observed on the majority of tapers, with 23% receiving a maximum visually determined damage score of 4. The median rate of volumetric material loss was 0.11 mm³/y (range 0.00-0.76) for femoral components (both cone and bore taper surfaces combined) and 0.01 mm³ (range 0.00-8.10) for tibial components. Greater rates of material loss were associated with mixed metal pairings. There was a strong correlation between visual fretting corrosion score and calculated material loss (ρ = 0.68, P < .001). Scanning electron microscopy revealed varying degrees of scratching, wear, fretting corrosion, and instances of cracking with morphology not consistent with fretting corrosion, wear, or fatigue.ConclusionAlthough visual evidence of fretting corrosion damage was prevalent and correlated with taper material loss, the measured volumetric material loss was low compared with prior reports from total hip arthroplasty.     

中药复方配伍的研究方法及其进展

中药复方是由2味或2味以上中药遵循中医理论组合而成的方剂。多味中药在合适的剂量配比之下,协同发挥作用,实现中医的整体调节治疗。研究中药复方的配伍对推动中药现代化发展、新药开发以及临床应用有着重要意义。近年来,研究者们在传统的"七情和合"与"君臣佐使"的基础上,运用新技术和新方法对中药复方的成分、药效活性和药代动力学性质等进行了研究,从不同角度探讨了中药复方配伍的科学内涵。同时,多种数理方法和模型的建立、网络药理学和数据挖掘方法的发展与应用,也对中药复方配伍研究提供了很大帮助。研究方法的发展虽促进了中药复方配伍的科学研究,但还需进一步建立适合中药复方配伍复杂关系的研究方法,以阐明中药复方及其成分/组分配伍的内在规律,进而构建新的现代中药复方,这也是目前中药复方配伍研究的重点任务。     

Body mass index growth trajectories from birth through 24 months in Iranian infants of mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus

AimsChild growth is one of the important health indicators in pediatric care. Few studies focused on the impact of prenatal exposure to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on growth trajectories particular in early years of childhood. The aim of this study was identifying growth pattern of GDM exposed offspring's, comparison with new WHO child growth standards.Methods and materialsIn a population-based Longitudinal study 438 infants exposed to gestational diabetes in utero, aged 0–24 months, born between 2014 and 2016 with at least 9 visits in first 2 years of life were enrolled. Twenty health centers of Ahvaz city (Capital of Khuzestan province, located in south western of Iran) and two referral centers for neonatal hypothyroidism involved the study.ResultsOf 438 GDM exposed infants, 54.6% were boys. Incidence of low birth weight and macrosomia were 4.6% and 8.7% respectively.Results4.6% had birth weight less than 2500gr and 8.7% was rate of macrosomia. Boys had higher weight and BMI than girls. Peak of BMI was 17.8 (±2.07) at 6 months after Gender was significant factor in predicted of BMI growth trajectories in GDM exposed children (p = 0.001). BMI in GDM exposed infants, in first 2 years of life was higher than WHO growth standards 2006 (P < 0.01).ConclusionMedians of BMI in GDM exposed infants in all measures was higher than WHO reference data 2006 (P < 0.01). Obesity prevention programs must be priority in GDM exposed infants.     

碳纤维复合材料人工颅骨板急性期生物相容性的研究

目的 评价碳纤维复合材料人工颅骨板在急性期的生物相容性。方法 制作碳纤维复合材料、含重组人骨形态发生蛋白-2（rhBMP-2）的碳纤维复合材料、钛网、MEM培养基、含有0.64%苯酚的MEM培养基的浸出液，用于测试。采用L929小鼠成纤维细胞进行细胞毒性试验，采用健康ICR小鼠进行急性毒性试验，采用新西兰大白兔耳静脉血进行急性溶血试验，采用白化豚鼠进行皮肤致敏试验。结果 碳纤维复合材料、含rhBMP-2的碳纤维复合材料、钛网浸提液对L929细胞的相对增殖率均在75%以上，细胞毒性1级，无明显细胞毒性；小鼠腹腔注射相应材料的浸提液后，均活动良好，均无不良反应，均无明显急性毒性；碳纤维复合材料、含rhBMP-2的碳纤维复合材料、钛网浸提液溶血率均小于5%，均不引起溶血反应；碳纤维复合材料、含rhBMP-2的碳纤维复合材料、钛网浸提液不引起致敏性。结论 碳纤维复合人工颅骨板急性期生物相容性良好。