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1.
《Cirugía espa?ola》2023,101(8):548-554
IntroductionPelvic fractures due to high energy trauma present a high risk of associated injuries that compromise the functional and vital prognosis of the patients. The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between traumatic pelvic fractures and their associated injuries according to the Tile classification.MethodsRetrospective observational study of patients who suffered traumatic pelvic fractures (Type A, B or C of the Tile classification) with concomitant associated injuries, analyzing hemoglobin levels, between 6/2013 and 1/2016.ResultsA total of 42 patients were included; of those 69% (n = 29) were males, mean age was 48 years. 45% (n = 19) suffered traffic accidents and 26.2% (n = 11) falls. There was a different proportion in pelvic injuries: Tile A (n = 15, 35.7%), B (n = 20, 47.6%), and C (n = 7, 16.6%) of cases. 54.8% (n = 23) underwent surgery, 21.4% (n = 9) needed temporary or definitive external fixation. Significant differences were found between Tile A type and scapula fractures (P=.032), and Tile B with sacral fractures (P=.033) and visceral injuries (P=.049), while there is a tendency without a statistical significal between Tile C and costal fractures. 61.9% (n = 26) needed blood transfusion; 9.5% (n = 4) presented hypovolemic shock.ConclusionsTile A pelvic fractures were associated with scapular fractures, and Tile B with transforaminal fractures of the sacrum and with visceral injuries (lungs, liver and genitourinary). The small number of Tile C prevent us to confirm an association with any pathology, although they are the ones which presnt more hemodynamically instability and thoracic injuries.  相似文献   
2.
目的 研究胸段食管癌逆向调强放射治疗(IMRT)中累及野照射与扩大野照射对危及器官(OAR)受照剂量的影响。方法 40例胸段食管癌患者分别行累及野靶区勾画和扩大野靶区勾画并勾画危及器官,制定IMRT计划,评估2个计划的靶区适形指数(CI)和均匀性指数(HI)及危及器官的剂量学参数,剂量学参数比较采用配对t检验。结果 2种计划的PTV均能满足处方剂量要求,PTV在CIHI上相近(P = 0.317、0.130)。两组间平均肺剂量、两肺V5、两肺V20、两肺V30、脊髓Dmean、心脏Dmean、心脏Dmax、心脏V30、心脏V40、心脏V60差异均存在统计学意义(P < 0.01)。结论 胸段食管癌患者行累及野照射与扩大野比较,可降低正常器官的受照剂量,从而降低放射性损伤风险。  相似文献   
3.
ObjectiveTo provide consensus on how to plan, organize and implement exercise-based injury prevention program (IPP) in sports.DesignDelphi.SettingLimeSurvey platform.ParticipantsExperienced sports physical therapists from the International Federation of Sports Physical Therapy member countries.Main outcome measuresFactors related to sports IPP planning, organization and implementation.ResultsWe included 305 participants from 32 countries. IPP planning should be based on an athlete's injury history, on pre-season screening results, and on injury rates (respectively, 98%, 92%, 89% agreement). In total 97% participants agreed that IPP organization should depend on the athlete's age, 93% on the competition level, and 93% on the availability of low-cost materials. It was agreed that IPP should mainly be implemented in warm-up sessions delivered by the head or strength/conditioning coach, with physical training sessions and individual physical therapy sessions (respectively, 94%, 92%, 90% agreement).ConclusionStrong consensus was reached on (1) IPP based on the athlete's injury history, pre-season screening and evidence-based sports-specific injury rates; (2) IPP organization based on the athlete's age, competition level, and the availability of low-cost materials and (3) IPP implementation focussing on warm-up sessions implemented by the strength/conditioning coach, and/or individual prevention sessions by the physical therapist.  相似文献   
4.
5.
IntroductionManagement of central nervous system (CNS) metastases in patients with driver-mutated NSCLC has traditionally incorporated both tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and intracranial radiation. Whether next generation, CNS-penetrant TKIs can be used alone without upfront radiation, however, remains unknown. This multi-institutional retrospective analysis aimed to compare outcomes in patients with EGFR- or ALK-positive NSCLC who received CNS-penetrant TKI therapy alone versus in combination with radiation for new or progressing intracranial metastases.MethodsData were retrospectively collected from three academic institutions. Two treatment groups (CNS-penetrant TKI alone versus TKI + CNS radiation therapy) were compared for both EGFR- and ALK-positive cohorts. Outcome variables included time to progression, time to intracranial progression, and time to treatment failure, measured from the date of initiation of CNS-penetrant TKI therapy.ResultsA total of 147 patients were included (EGFR n = 94, ALK n = 52, both n = 1). In patients receiving radiation, larger metastases, neurologic symptoms, and receipt of steroids were more common. There were no significant differences between TKI and CNS radiation therapy plus TKI groups for any of the study outcomes, including time to progression (8.5 versus 6.9 mo, p = 0.13 [EFGR] and 11.4 versus 13.4 mo, p = 0.98 [ALK]), time to intracranial progression (14.8 versus 20.5 mo, p = 0.51 [EGFR] and 18.1 versus 21.8 mo, p = 0.65 [ALK]), or time to treatment failure (13.8 versus 8.6 mo, p = 0.26 [EGFR] and 13.5 versus 23.2 mo, p = 0.95 [ALK]).ConclusionsThese results provide preliminary evidence that intracranial activity of CNS-penetrant TKIs may enable local radiation to be deferred in appropriately selected patients without negatively affecting progression.  相似文献   
6.
评估AAA、AXB算法在鼻咽癌调强放射治疗(IMRT)中剂量计算的准确性,并分析空腔和骨性结构对剂量计算准确性造成的影响,以期指导临床应用。选取20例鼻咽癌IMRT计划导入SciMoCa中,使用蒙特卡罗算法进行独立验算,以蒙特卡罗计算结果为标准,对比光子剂量算法(AAA和AXB)对靶区和危及器官的剂量差异,以及γ通过率,并分析空腔和骨性结构对剂量分布的影响。结果表明:使用AAA、AXB算法的计划平均γ通过率分别为95.99%和96.26%,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。靶区内空腔区域AAA、AXB算法的平均剂量偏差为-2.26%和-0.33%,γ通过率为80.22%和98.55%;靶区内骨性结构区域AAA、AXB算法的平均剂量偏差为1.43%和0.17%,γ通过率为93.25%和99.72%。AAA算法下靶区内空腔区域的γ通过率与其体积呈线性正比(r=0.65),靶区骨性结构区域的γ通过率与其体积呈线性反比(r=-0.74);当空腔体积<20 cm3或骨性结构体积>10 cm3时,γ通过率均<95%。使用AAA算法时需要注意靶区内空腔和骨性结构的体积对剂量计算准确性的影响,而使用AXB算法时无需考虑空腔和骨性结构体积的影响,其计算结果与蒙特卡罗算法更接近。  相似文献   
7.
ObjectiveSeveral trials have recently reported the safety of pulmonary resection after neoadjuvant immunotherapy with encouraging major pathological response rates. We report the detailed adverse events profile from a recently conducted randomized phase II trial in patients with resectable non–small cell lung cancer treated with neoadjuvant durvalumab alone or with sub-ablative radiation.MethodsWe conducted a randomized phase II trial in patients with non–small cell lung cancer clinical stages I to IIIA who were randomly assigned to receive neoadjuvant durvalumab alone or with sub-ablative radiation (8Gyx3). Secondary end points included the safety of 2 cycles of preoperative durvalumab with and without radiation followed by pulmonary resection. Postoperative adverse events within 30 days were recorded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0).ResultsSixty patients were enrolled and randomly assigned, with planned resection performed in 26 patients in each arm. Baseline demographics and clinical variables were balanced between groups. The median operative time was similar between arms: 128 minutes (97-201) versus 146 minutes (109-214) (P = .314). There was no 30- or 90-day mortality. Grade 3/4 adverse events occurred in 10 of 26 patients (38%) after monotherapy and in 10 of 26 patients (38%) after dual therapy. Anemia requiring transfusion and hypotension were the 2 most common adverse events. The median length of stay was similar between arms (5 days vs 4 days, P = .172).ConclusionsIn this randomized trial, the addition of sub-ablative focal radiation to durvalumab in the neoadjuvant setting was not associated with increased mortality or morbidity compared with neoadjuvant durvalumab alone.  相似文献   
8.
《Cancer radiothérapie》2022,26(4):547-556
PurposeSurface-guided radiotherapy is useful for the pre-positioning and monitoring of radiotherapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of surface guidance on the repeatability of patient localization and to estimate the specific point at which high positional errors occur.Materials and methodsTen patients without the VOXELAN system (non-VXLN group) and 10 patients with the VOXELAN as the pre-positioning procedure (VXLN group) were included in this analysis. Twelve regions of interest (ROI) were defined in all the patients to verify any misalignment during radiotherapy. Thirteen ROIs were defined on the isocenter.ResultsCompared with the non-VXLN group, the translational positional errors of the VXLN group were the same for all the ROIs. The mean translational positional errors of the VXLN group in the longitudinal direction were approximately 0.1 mm, and the standard deviation was the largest among the three directions in all the ROIs. The magnitude of the standard deviation in the non-VXLN group varied independently of the ROI and direction. The standard deviations of the VXLN group in the longitudinal direction were large in all the ROIs, while the standard deviations in the vertical and lateral directions were small.ConclusionPre-positioning with a surface guidance system reduced the body twist and rotation, which could not be corrected by image-guided radiotherapy alone. Since the VOXELAN can detect positioning errors quickly and without additional radiation exposure to the patient, it can be used as a tool for pre-positioning in radiotherapy.  相似文献   
9.
目的 探讨开放性修复手术治疗距腓前韧带距骨侧止点撕脱骨折的临床疗效。方法 回顾性研究。纳入2017年11月—2021年4月徐州仁慈医院足踝外科确诊为距腓前韧带距骨侧止点撕脱骨折的患者4例(4足)。其中男3例、女1例,年龄15~45岁(平均30.3岁),右足2例、左足2例。患者均采用外踝前外侧小切口开放性修复手术治疗距腓前韧带的距骨侧止点撕脱骨折,术后石膏制动。观察项目:(1)记录患者骨折愈合的时间、末次随访时踝关节疼痛视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分,美国足踝外科协会(AOFAS)踝-后足功能评分、踝关节功能评价Karlsson-Peterson评分。(2)术前及末次随访时测量距骨前移距离(ATT)、距骨倾斜角(TT)。结果 4例患者手术均顺利完成,术后均获随访8~25个月。(1)患者骨折愈合均良好,愈合时间3~5个月(平均3.8个月)。末次随访时,患者疼痛VAS评分为0~2分(平均1.3分),AOFAS踝-后足评分为89~95分(平均92.8分),Karlsson-Peterson评分为89~94分(平均91.5分);患者1例踝关节疼痛消失,其余3例仅有轻微酸胀不适,不影响日常行走。(2)末次随访时ATT为(2.4±0.3)mm、TT为2.8°±0.8°,较术前(8.4±0.8)mm和10.0°±1.4°明显改善,差异均有统计学意义(t=14.40、19.62,P值均<0.001)。结论 采用开放性小切口结合2枚锚钉修复距腓前韧带的距骨侧撕脱骨折,可有效恢复患者踝关节的稳定性。手术创伤小,操作简便,有临床推广价值。  相似文献   
10.
ObjectiveTo examine the fourth version of the Spinal Cord Independence Measure for reliability and validity.DesignPartly blinded comparison with the criterion standard Spinal Cord Independence Measure III, and between examiners and examinations.SettingA multicultural cohort from 19 spinal cord injury units in 11 countries.ParticipantsA total of 648 patients with spinal cord injury.InterventionAssessment with Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM IV) and Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM III) on admission to inpatient rehabilitation and before discharge.Main outcome measuresSCIM IV interrater reliability, internal consistency, correlation with and difference from SCIM III, and responsiveness.ResultsTotal agreement between examiners was above 80% on most SCIM IV tasks. All Kappa coefficients were above 0.70 and statistically significant (P<.001). Pearson's coefficients of the correlation between the examiners were above 0.90, and intraclass correlation coefficients were above 0.90. Cronbach's alpha was above 0.96 for the entire SCIM IV, above 0.66 for the subscales, and usually decreased when an item was eliminated. Reliability values were lower for the subscale of respiration and sphincter management, and on admission than at discharge. SCIM IV and SCIM III mean values were very close, and the coefficients of Pearson correlation between them were 0.91-0.96 (P<.001). The responsiveness of SCIM IV was not significantly different from that of SCIM III in most of the comparisons.ConclusionsThe validity, reliability, and responsiveness of SCIM IV, which was adjusted to assess specific patient conditions or situations that SCIM III does not address, and which includes more accurate definitions of certain scoring criteria, are very good and quite similar to those of SCIM III. SCIM IV can be used for clinical and research trials, including international multi-center studies, and its group scores can be compared with those of SCIM III.  相似文献   
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