我国东部地区结节性痒疹患者中医体质类型分布规律

目的探讨我国东部地区结节性痒疹患者中医体质类型的分布特点。方法采用病例对照设计方法,选取120例结节性痒疹患者作为病例组,120例健康体检者作为对照组,参照《中医体质分类与判定表》进行中医体质类型调查,分析其分布规律。结果结节性痒疹患者年龄(41.58±16.27)岁,性别男女比例约1∶1.2,体质类型分布前四位的是湿热质23例、血瘀质20例、气郁质19例、特禀质13例;健康体检者体质类型分布前四位的是平和质33例、气虚质19例、阳虚质14例、痰湿质13例;与对照组相比,病例组偏颇体质明显增多(P<0.01),2组体质构成比亦有显著性差异(P<0.01),其中湿热质、气郁质、血瘀质、特禀质较对照组转化分增加(P<0.05)。结论结节性痒疹的发病与湿热质、血瘀质、气郁质、特禀质偏颇体质类型密切相关。     

Disparate exposure to physically demanding working conditions in France

BackgroundOur study was aimed at examining disparate exposure to physically demanding working conditions in France, a key objective being to identify the types of employees/jobs requiring high-priority preventive actions.MethodsWe analyzed the data from the 2017 French nationwide cross-sectional survey (SUMER) on occupational hazards to which French employees in various sectors were subjected. The prevalence of several types of physically demanding working conditions (lifting of heavy loads, awkward body postures, vibrations, noise, and extreme temperatures) was explored. Potential associations of individual and job characteristics with these factors of hardship at work were studied by multivariate logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 48% of employees were exposed to at least one physically demanding working condition and 24.8% were exposed to multiple constraints. While managers and intellectual professionals were exposed relatively infrequently to physical constraints, blue-collar workers experienced the highest frequency of exposure. On the one hand, the role of company size depended on the factor of hardship at work considered; on the other hand, employees in large-scale companies were generally less exposed. As expected, employees in the construction industry were the most exposed to physical constraints; that said, our results also show that some activities in the services sector (e.g., personal care, administrative and support services) were quite significantly affected by a wide array of physically demanding working conditions.ConclusionNotwithstanding the establishment in France of Plans de Santé au travail (preventive workplace health and safety plans), occupational risks were found to be high, and above all, they were unevenly distributed among the various socio-professional categories, and strongly contributed to social inequalities in health. Our results identify the types of publics to be designated as high-priority targets for preventive measures aimed at reducing the adverse impacts of physically demanding working conditions and the incidence of associated musculoskeletal disorders.     

安徽省7—18岁学生体质状况分析

本文对安徽省７—１８岁城乡学生１９９５年与１９８５年体质状况资料比较分析,显示本省学生生长发育过程符合生长发育的一般规律,形态发育水平明显提高;发育速度处于长期趋势快速增长阶段;发育高峰年龄有提前趋势;发育匀称度以细长型为主;呼吸机能的肺活量明显下降;身体素质发育有不同程度下降;本省学生体质状况处于全国平均水平以下。     

Exercice physique, carence estrogénique, monoxyde d'azote et remodelage osseux

Summary

Objectives

The aim of this paper is to emphasize the possible relationships established between estrogens and physical exercise and concerning bone metabolism. Nitric oxide (NO) might play an important role in such relationships.

Topics

Cellular metabolism of NO, as well as NO effects upon osteoblasts and osteoclasts have been summarized. Several studies indicate that NO deficiency might be implicated in various vascular diseases observed in post-menopausal women. Other works also indicate that NO deficiency induced by cessation of ovarian activity might be responsible for osteopenia associated with this condition. Thus, decreased production of NO would be responsible both for post-menopausal osteoporosis as well as for osteopenia sometimes observed in amenorrheic athletes. Moreover osteoblastic response to mechanical stimulation might implicate estrogenic receptor(s). The role of these receptors in the regulation of NO synthesis is still unknown.     

论单核苷酸多态性与中医证的个体差异

单核苷酸(nucleotide)是基因的基本组成单位，单核苷酸多态性(Single Nacl eotide Poly morPhism,SNP)是指任何两个不同个体之间的单核苷酸序列中均有不同的排列次序，导致遗传变异而形成不同个体的差异性和多样性。它是决定人的个体差异的主要因素，是遗传的变异性所引起。个体差异是个体机体功能相对偏差以保持动态稳定的特征，是潜在的病理因素，其发病具有质化特点。证以质为基础，质以证的形式表现出来，证的特征包含着质的特征，证往往随质而转移，证的个体差异与单核苷酸多态性有关，这是中西医结合研究的最佳切入点。建立证与药的单核苷酸组学，可阐明中医药防治疾病原理，实现个体化医学治疗的理想，体现中医治病求本和防治未病的思想。