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1.
利用生物信息学技术初步探索芫根调控肠道免疫功能的分子生物学机制。方法 选择雄性SPF级BALB/c小鼠18只,随机分为3组,每组6只。SC1组小鼠每只每次灌胃芫根提取液150 μL,SC2组小鼠每只每次灌胃绞碎芫根原浆悬液150 μL,NC组小鼠每只每次灌胃生理盐水150 μL,连续7 d每日灌胃一次。分别取每组小鼠小肠组织样品提取RNA,总RNA的质检合格后,进行转录组测序。按GO功能和KEGG信号通路对差异表达基因聚类分析揭示差异表达高度富集的免疫相关通路。从免疫角度分析芫根灌胃小鼠小肠组织的基因表达变化情况。结果 转录组测序共检测到27733条 mRNA的表达,SC1组与NC组比较,显著差异表达基因1635个,其中上调差异表达基因1236个,下调差异表达基因399个;SC2组与NC组比较,显著差异表达基因2872个,其中上调差异表达基因2233个,下调差异表达基因639个(P<0.05)。按GO功能和KEGG信号通路聚类分析显示差异表达基因在白介素分泌、干扰素反应、T细胞受体信号通路及维生素和脂肪消化吸收等途径的富集度在两个芫根组中均居于前20位(P<0.01),肠黏膜趋化因子CCL20和巨噬细胞极化标志物CD274等免疫蛋白编码基因差异表达显著且同属于上述多个免疫通路。结论 芫根灌胃小鼠小肠的差异表达基因在白介素分泌、干扰素反应、T细胞受体信号通路、营养物质消化吸收等途径高度富集,提示芫根对肠道免疫系统及肠黏膜功能的调节,其中CD274的表达上调和CCL20的表达下调提示诱导M1型巨噬细胞极化和T细胞活化可能是芫根调控免疫和维护肠道正常结构功能的重要途径。  相似文献   
2.
随着低剂量螺旋电子计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)应用于肺癌高危人群中的筛查越来越普及,肺外周病变(peripheral pulmonary lesions,PPLs)发现概率也随之增加。电磁导航支气管镜(electromagnetic navigation bronchoscopy,ENB)是一种能够进行肺部外周病变诊断、定位及治疗的工具,由于它的安全性和可靠性更高,ENB在未来有可能会改变肺部疾病的诊断和治疗方式,从而缓解病情甚至治愈肺癌,为肺癌的治疗开辟了新的路径。  相似文献   
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目的观察腰部椎旁肌肉T2值诊断骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折(OVCF)的价值。方法回顾性分析91例年龄>50岁腰背痛患者,其中23例临床诊断为OVCF(骨折组),68例为腰椎间盘突出症、腰椎退行性变或终板炎等且未见椎体骨折(对照组);比较2组临床资料及腰部T2 mapping成像所示左、右侧多裂肌和左、右侧竖脊肌T2值的差异,以临床诊断为标准,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,计算曲线下面积(AUC),评价根据腰部椎旁肌肉T2值及椎体陈旧性骨折诊断OVCF的效能。结果组间患者年龄、性别及椎体陈旧性骨折比例差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。骨折组双侧多裂肌和竖脊肌T2值均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。左、右侧多裂肌和左、右侧竖脊肌T2值诊断OVCF的AUC分别为0.79、0.76、0.71、0.70,与椎体陈旧性骨折(0.72)差异均无统计学意义(Z=1.197、0.811、0.112、0.245,P均>0.05)。结论腰部椎旁肌肉T2值可用于诊断OVCF。  相似文献   
6.
Obesogens are a subset of endocrine disruptor chemicals (EDCs) that cause obesity. The typical EDC 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) has been identified as an obesogen. However, the in vitro effects of 4-NP on adipogenesis remain unclear. In this study, 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C3H/10T1/2 mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to investigate the influence of 4-NP on adipogenesis. The differentiation protocols for 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C3H/10T1/2 MSCs took 8 and 12 days, respectively, beginning at Day 0. In differentiated 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, 20 μM 4-NP decreased cell viability on Days 4 and 8. Exposure to 4-NP inhibited triglyceride (TG) accumulation and adipogenic marker expression on Days 0–8, but the inhibitory effects were weaker on Days 2–8. The protein expression of pSTAT3 or STAT3 decreased on Days 0–8 and 2–8. Conversely, 4-NP promoted TG accumulation and the adipogenic marker expression in C3H/10T1/2 adipocytes. The opposing effects were attributed to physiological differences between the two cell lines. The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes are dependent on mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) to drive differentiation, while C3H/10T1/2MSCs and human preadipocytes are not. Additionally, 4-NP downregulated β-catenin expression in C3H/10T1/2 adipocytes. Accordingly, we hypothesized that 4-NP promotes adipogenesis. The role of the canonical Wnt pathway in the promotion of adipogenesis by 4-NP requires further validation. This study provides new insights into the mechanisms and appropriate risk management of 4-NP.  相似文献   
7.
膀胱癌是泌尿系统常见的肿瘤,其中90%以上的膀胱癌病理类型为尿路上皮癌,按照肿瘤浸润深度可分为非肌层浸润性尿路上皮癌(Non muscle invasive bladder cancer,NMIBC)和肌层浸润性尿路上皮癌。NMIBC主要是指肿瘤侵及固有层(T1)、粘膜层(Ta)和原位癌(Tis),其预后较好。其中Ta、T1期肿瘤占大多数,两者虽然都属于NMIBC,但生物学特性不同,由于固有层血管和淋巴管丰富,故T1期肿瘤较容易发生扩散和复发。本文将重点针对T1期高级别尿路上皮癌的各种治疗方式,包括手术治疗、介入治疗、药物化疗和免疫治疗等方面做一综述,特别探讨了如何利用手术治疗方式以及手术治疗联合化疗提高治疗效果,减少复发,提高生存时间。  相似文献   
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AimThis review aims to summarize and discuss some of the most relevant clinical trials in epidemiology, diagnostics, and treatment of hypertension published in 2020 and 2021.Data synthesisThe trials included in this review are related to hypertension onset age and risk for future cardiovascular disease, reliability of different blood pressure monitoring methods, role of exercise-induced hypertension, treatment of hypertension in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, management of hypertension high-risk patient groups, e.g., in the elderly (≥80 years) and patients with atrial fibrillation, and the interplay between nutrition and hypertension, as well as recent insights into renal denervation for treatment of hypertension.ConclusionsHypertension onset age, nighttime blood pressure levels and a riser pattern are relevant for the prognosis of future cardiovascular diseases. The risk of coronary heart disease appears to increase linearly with increasing exercise systolic blood pressure. Renin-angiotensin system blockers are not associated with an increased risk for a severe course of COVID-19. In elderly patients, a risk-benefit assessment of intensified blood pressure control should be individually evaluated. A J-shaped association between cardiovascular disease and achieved blood pressure could also be demonstrated in patients with atrial fibrillation on anticoagulation. Salt restriction and lifestyle modification remain effective options in treating hypertensive patients at low cardiovascular risk. Sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors and Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists show BP-lowering effects. Renal denervation should be considered as an additional or alternative treatment option in selected patients with uncontrolled hypertension.  相似文献   
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Aim of the workTo evaluate hematologic parameters in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome (PSS) and their association with disease activity.Patients and methodsSixty-five PSS patients and 65 age and sex matched control were studied. Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), red blood cells distribution width (RDW), platelet to lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and platelet count were evaluated. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. The European league against rheumatism (EULAR) Sjögren's syndrome disease activity index (ESSDAI) was assessed.ResultsThe mean age of patients was 47.8 ± 12.1 years and disease duration 5.71 ± 1.2 years and they were 63 females and 2 males. The mean ESSDAI was 6.4 ± 7.9 (3–25). 11 had neurological involvement. 92.3% of patients received low-dose prednisolone (<10 mg/day) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ). The mean NLR (1.83 ± 0.8), PLR (131.9 ± 32.5) and MPV (8.82 ± 1.4) in patients was significantly higher than in control (NLR 1.57 ± 0.56, PLR 109.9 ± 24.7 and MPV 7.71 ± 1.3; p = 0.036, p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). The RDW tended to be higher in patients (13 ± 1.56) compared to control (12.83 ± 1.13) (p = 0.46). There was a significant correlation between ESSDAI with NLR (r = 0.29, p = 0.02), RDW (r = 0.37, p = 0.002), ESR (r = 0.32, p = 0.01) and CRP (r = 0.33, p = 0.007) and between MPV with CRP (r = 0.27, p = 0.03) and between RDW and ESR (r = 0.36, p = 0.003).On regression analysis, NLR and RDW were significant predictors of disease activity (p = 0.01 and p = 0.02 respectively).ConclusionThe MPV, PLR and NLR, were significantly increased in PSS. NLR and RDW can be used as indicators of disease activity.  相似文献   
10.
目的探讨中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血清总胆红素(TBIL)和钠(Na)对急性阑尾炎严重程度的预测价值。方法选取2018年10月至2021年2月在皖西卫生职业学院附属医院住院并行阑尾切除术的271例急性阑尾炎患者为研究对象。根据术后病理诊断将患者分为单纯性阑尾炎组(228例)和复杂性阑尾炎组(43例),比较2组患者的临床资料和各项检测指标。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析复杂性阑尾炎的危险因素,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析NLR、血清TBIL和Na单独及联合检测对复杂性阑尾炎的预测价值。结果复杂性阑尾炎组的术前体温、白细胞计数、中性粒细胞计数、单核细胞与淋巴细胞比值、血小板与淋巴细胞比值、NLR及血清TBIL、直接胆红素、间接胆红素水平均高于单纯性阑尾炎组(P<0.05),而淋巴细胞计数和血清Na水平均低于单纯性阑尾炎组(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归模型分析显示,NLR、血清TBIL和Na是复杂性阑尾炎的独立危险因素(OR=1.225、0.487、1.296,P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,急性阑尾炎患者NLR、血清TBIL水平均与血清Na呈负相关(r=-0.255、-0.207,P<0.05),NLR与血清TBIL无相关性(r=0.076,P>0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,NLR+TBIL+Na联合检测预测复杂性阑尾炎的曲线下面积为0.954,高于TBIL、Na、NLR单独检测的0.777、0.789、0.799(P<0.05);NLR+TBIL+Na联合检测预测复杂性阑尾炎的特异度和灵敏度分别为82.50%和95.30%。结论NLR、TBIL和Na是复杂性阑尾炎的独立危险因素,三者联合检测对复杂性阑尾炎具有较好的预测价值。  相似文献   
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