Prospective characterization of incident hepatic steatosis in pediatric and adolescent patients after total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation

BackgroundHepatic steatosis has been described as a common finding in adults following total pancreatectomy with islet autotransplantation (TPIAT) but it is unknown if this occurs in children and adolescents.ObjectivesTo define the frequency of post-TPIAT hepatic steatosis in a sample of children and adolescents and to identify clinical predictors of incident steatosis post-TPIAT.MethodsIn this prospective study, consecutive participants at least 1-month post-TPIAT underwent a liver MRI with proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and blood draw at our pediatric academic medical center between April 2021 and January 2022. Comparison clinical pre-TPIAT liver MRI or ultrasound and insulin use and graft function data were extracted from the medical record. T-tests were used for the comparison of means across continuous variables between participants with and without post-TPIAT steatosis.ResultsA total of 20 participants (mean: 13 ± 4 years; 12 female) were evaluated. Mean liver PDFF at research MRI was 7.4 ± 6.2% (range: 2–25%). Seven participants (35%) had categorical hepatic steatosis (PDFF>5%) post-TPIAT, five of whom had pre-TPIAT steatosis, reflecting a 13% (2/15; 95% CI: 2–40%) incidence of post-TPIAT steatosis. Participant characteristics were not significantly different between subgroups with and without post-TPIAT steatosis. Mean PDFF at research MRI was not different between graft function subgroups (7.5% optimal/good vs. 7.3% marginal/failure; p = .96).ConclusionOur study shows a moderate prevalence but low incidence of hepatic steatosis in a small sample of children and adolescents post-TPIAT. This study raises questions about a causal relationship between TPIAT and hepatic steatosis.     

Risk of acute pancreatitis with incretin-based therapy: a systematic review and updated meta-analysis of cardiovascular outcomes trials

ABSTRACT

Background

The link of acute pancreatitis (AP) with Incretin based therapies (IBTs) in type 2 diabetes has existed since United States Food and Drug Administration alert in 2010. This issue still remains unresolved due to conflicting results among studies.     

基于网络药理学探讨大承气汤治疗急性胰腺炎的物质基础和分子机制

采用网络药理学方法预测大承气汤治疗急性胰腺炎的物质基础和分子机制。通过数据库检索并预测大承气汤化合物的作用靶点及急性胰腺炎的疾病基因;并对关键靶点和相关活性化学成分进行分子对接验证;利用DAVID"富集分析"得到大承气汤的活性成分在治疗急性胰腺炎过程中所涉及的功能及通路,最终构建"中药材-活性化学成分-靶点-通路"综合网络。在大承气汤中发现了108种活性化学成分可与28个疾病靶点相关联,分子对接结果显示关键靶点与其对应化合物均有较强的结合能力。经DAVID富集分析得到,生物学过程438条,分子功能31条,细胞组成17条,KEGG通路富集96条。大承气汤可能通过药物反应、脂多糖反应和反向调节凋亡等生物过程,抗炎、抗氧化活性、反向调节细胞凋亡以及调节胰腺分泌等方式来实现其药效作用,涉及IL-17,TNF,NF-κB等多条信号通路。该研究运用网络药理学的方法,揭示了大承气汤以多种成分协同作用于多靶点、多信号通路治疗急性胰腺炎的分子机制,为生物实验提供理论基础。     

益生菌联合肠内营养对急性胰腺炎患者肠道菌群及外周血miR-155的影响

目的 探讨益生菌联合肠内营养对急性胰腺炎患者肠道菌群及外周血miR-155的影响。 方法 选取2016年6月至2018年12月河北医科大学第二医院消化内科收治的92例急性胰腺炎患者作为研究对象，根据随机数字表法分为观察组（n=46）和对照组（n=46），对照组在常规治疗基础上给予肠内营养治疗，观察组在对照组基础上给予双歧杆菌乳杆菌三联活菌片，观察两组患者治疗前后肠道菌群、炎性介质及血清miR-155变化，比较两组患者治疗后胃肠道功能恢复情况。结果 治疗后，观察组双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌增加数量，肠球菌、大肠埃希菌减少数量，血清CRP、IL-6、IL-17、TNF-α、miR-155降低水平均显著高于对照组（P<0.05）；观察组患者胃肠生活质量量表（GIQLI）评分高于对照组，腹胀消失时间、腹痛消失时间、肠鸣音恢复时间、血清淀粉酶恢复正常时间均少于对照组（P<0.05）。结论 益生菌联合肠内营养治疗急性胰腺炎可调节肠道菌群平衡，降低血清miR-155水平，缓解炎性反应，促进肠道功能恢复。     

Effects of immediate or early oral feeding on acute pancreatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundThe timing of oral refeeding can affect length of stay (LOS) and recovery of acute pancreatitis (AP). However, the optimal timing for oral refeeding is still controversial for AP. This meta-analysis investigated the effects of immediate or early versus delayed oral feeding on mild and moderate AP, regardless of improvement in clinical signs or laboratory indicators.MethodsThis systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) based on data from Embase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of science, and CBM before August 2021. Two researchers independently used Stata16 to extract and analyse study data. Random effect model was performed for meta-analysis to calculate the risk ratio (RR) and standardized mean difference (SMD).Results8 RCTs were selected, including 748 patients with mild to moderate AP. Patients in IOR (Immediate or early Oral Refeeding) group had less costs [SMD -0.83, 95%CI (?1.17, ?0.5), P < 0.001] and shorter LOS [SMD -1.01, 95%CI (?1.17, ?0.85), P < 0.001] than the DOR (Delayed Oral Refeeding) group patients. However, there was no difference in mortality [RR 0.54, 95%CI (0.11, 2.62), P = 0.44], pain relapse rate [RR 0.58, 95%CI (0.25, 1.35), P = 0.27], feeding intolerance rate [RR 0.61, 95%CI (0.28, 1.3), P = 0.2], AP progression rate [RR 0.21, 95%CI (0.04, 1.07), P = 0.06] and overall complications rate [RR 0.41, 95%CI (0.17, 1.01), P = 0.05] between the IOR and DOR groups.ConclusionsLimited data suggest that IOR could reduce LOS and costs without increasing adverse events in mild to moderate AP.     

NLR、PLR在高血脂症性急性胰腺炎诊断及病情评估中的价值

目的探究中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(PLR)在高血脂症性急性胰腺炎(HLAP)诊断及病情评估中的价值。方法选取本院132例HLAP患者作为观察组,另选取同期66例胆源性、酒精性急性胰腺炎非HLAP患者作为对照组,66例健康体检者作为健康组,比较3组NLR、PLR、血脂指标[总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)]、炎性因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)],分析NLR、PLR与血脂指标、炎性因子相关性,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价NLR、PLR诊断价值,对比观察组不同病情程度患者NLR、PLR水平,分析NLR、PLR与HLAP病情程度的关系。结果观察组NLR、PLR、TC、TG、CRP、PCT高于对照组、健康组,对照组高于健康组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析,NLR、PLR与TC、TG、CRP、PCT呈正相关(P<0.05);ROC曲线分析,NLR、PLR联合诊断AP的AUC为0.901,95%CI为0.858~0.934,敏感度为80.30%,特异度为92.42%,两者联合诊断HLAP的AUC为0.846,95%CI为0.788~0.893,敏感度为71.21%,特异度为83.33%,均优于两者单独诊断,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组重度患者NLR、PLR高于中度患者、轻度患者,中度患者高于轻度患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Spearman相关性分析,NLR、PLR与HLAP病情程度呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 NLR、PLR联合检测在HLAP诊断与病情评估中具有较高临床价值。