顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复指端组织缺损的临床疗效观察

目的探讨顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣应用于指端组织缺损患者的疗效。方法77例指端组织缺损患者随机分为两组,对照组行指动脉逆行岛状皮瓣修复术,实验组行顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣修复术,比较两组的疗效、术后患指功能以及并发症。结果实验组的治疗优良率和术后患指功能评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);两组的术后并发症发生率无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论顺行指掌侧固有动脉推进皮瓣在指端组织缺损患者中应用效果显著,可促进术后患指功能恢复,安全性高。     

Use of the double-paddle anterolateral thigh flap for locally advanced tongue carcinoma requiring second site reconstruction

BackgroundAdvanced oral tongue carcinoma can present with extension beyond the oral cavity. Operative defects after resection may involve multiple anatomical sites and significantly impact speech and swallowing. Dependence on long-term enteral feeding is not uncommon for these patients. The anterolateral thigh (ALT) flap is one of the most reliable and flexible flaps used in the reconstruction of total and subtotal tongue defects. The double-paddle flap modification may be a more suitable option for complex oral tongue defects after advanced tumor ablation.MethodsCase series of 31 patients with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma that were classified as stage IV. The age of patients ranged from 32 to 63 years. We designed the double-paddle ALT flaps to reconstruct the two-site surgical defects (tongue defect and pharynx or neck skin defect). Postoperative viability of the flap was checked by clinical observation. The last examination was performed at 3-months after the completion of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The functional capacity of our patients was evaluated by three physicians (Head and Neck Surgeon, Radiation Oncologist, and Physiatrist) using a Speech Intelligibility Score and the Functional Oral Intake Scale.ResultsA total of 31 patients with surgical defects after total or subtotal tongue resection for cancer underwent double-paddle ALT flaps for reconstruction from March 2018 to December 2019. The dimension of flaps from 8 × 12 cm to 10 × 18 cm were divided into double-paddle from 8 × 5 cm to 10 × 10 cm. There was one case of pedicle thrombosis, one case of postoperative bleeding, three cases of neck infection, and six cases of salivary fistula. Our patients were seen in follow up from 6 to 36 months, with median follow-up of 23.5 months. The survival rate of ALT flap was 100%. All of our patients achieved an oral diet by 9 months after surgery. The mean score speech intelligibility was 2.74 ± 0.68 (4-point ordinal scale). The 2-year disease-free survival rate was 61.3%.ConclusionsThe double-paddle ALT flap is a reliable flap suitable for oral defects involving multiple subsites after ablative procedures. The majority of patients demonstrated acceptable functional rehabilitation.Clinical question/ level of evidenceTherapeutic, IV.     

Papel de la yeyunoplastia en la reconstrucción esofágica compleja

IntroductionEsophageal reconstruction is a very complex surgical procedure, burdened by significant morbidity. Gastroplasty and coloplasty have classically been used. Free jejunal plasty has shown to be a very good option in the treatment of cervical esophagus pathology, but the role of supercharged jejunoplasty in thoracic esophagus reconstruction is still controversial.MethodsA retrospective study of esophageal reconstructions with jejunoplasties performed in our unit between January 2011 and December 2019. Epidemiological data, indications, surgical technique, and morbidity and mortality were analyzed.Results67 procedures of esophageal reconstruction were performed, 10 of which were jejunoplasties: 5 free jejunums and 5 supercharged. Morbidity, mortality, mean stay and withdrawal time from enteral feeding were lower in free than in supercharged jejunums.ConclusionsSupercharged jejunoplasty was the last option for reconstruction of the thoracic esophagus. Median sternotomy access provides an excellent approach to the anterior mediastinum and the internal mammary vessels. The free jejunum would be the first choice, with the indemnity of the rest of the esophagus, in the reconstruction of the cervical esophagus.     

种植手术同期根向复位瓣附着龈重建的临床研究

目的探索一种简单高效的手术方法,用于增加种植体周围的附着龈宽度并且能缩短种植修复的疗程。探讨根向复位瓣附着龈重建术的效果。方法收集有种植修复需求的患者8例,但种植位点处附着龈宽度小于2 mm,行种植手术同期利用根向复位瓣技术进行附着龈重建。术后2周拆线。8周后常规种植上部修复并负荷。分别观察手术前、术后8周、修复完成即刻、修复完成1年时附着龈宽度的变化情况。结果所有患者种植体周围的附着龈宽度明显增加,修复完成1年后未见明显附着龈退缩。术后2周拆线,除1个种植位点在术后第2天因缝合线脱落致黏膜仍有炎症外,其余位点黏膜愈合良好。结论根向复位瓣附着龈重建术创伤小,并且同期种植手术可以缩短种植修复疗程,术后患者恢复效果较好。可以作为增加种植体周围附着龈宽度的简单高效的方法。     

游离腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣修复前臂及足部软组织缺损

目的 探讨应用腓肠内侧动脉穿支皮瓣(MSAP)修复前臂及足部软组织缺损的临床效果.方法 自2015年5月至2017年9月,应用MSAP修复前臂及足部软组织缺损创面13例,其中男9例,女4例,年龄19~57岁,平均41岁;其中前臂6例,足部7例,足部创面均位于前中足.皮瓣切取面积为3.0 cm×4.0 cm^7.0 cm×15.0 cm.修复足部创面时均选用同侧小腿,小腿供区创面均进行一期直接缝合.术后通过门诊复查及微信方式,对皮瓣外形、感觉及供区恢复情况进行定期随访.结果 13例皮瓣全部成活,无血管危象发生及坏死,3例术后存在感染,给予换药及抗炎治疗后创面逐渐愈合.术后随访11例(2例外省患者失访),随访时间4~18个月,平均12个月,未发现供区明显功能障碍,受区皮瓣外形良好;7例感觉恢复至S2~S3,TPD 6~9 mm.结论 游离MSAP不损伤主干血管,血管蒂长,穿支恒定,皮下脂肪相对较薄,游离移植修复前臂及足部创面效果良好.     

丹参注射液对带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率及预后的影响

目的:探讨丹参注射液对带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率及预后的影响。方法:将68例接受带蒂皮瓣移植修复术的患者简单随机分成观察组与对照组各34例。对照组给予术后常规治疗,观察组在此基础上加用丹参注射液治疗,持续给药1周。随访3～12个月,比较两组患者术后皮瓣成活率、皮瓣肿胀程度、凝血指标凝血酶原时间(PT)、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平变化及并发症发生率。结果:观察组患者皮瓣成活率为97.06%,明显高于对照组的76.47%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组术后7 d皮瓣肿胀程度明显轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后3 d的PT、APTT、FIB水平[(17.84±2.45)s、(35.38±3.14)s、(2.24±0.17)g/L]均明显低于对照组患者[(23.07±2.69)s、(41.56±3.34)s、(2.79±0.32)g/L],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者术后伤口感染、瓣下积液、动静脉危象的总并发症率为8.82%,明显低于对照组的29.41%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:丹参注射液能提高带蒂皮瓣移植修复术后成活率,减轻术后皮瓣肿胀程度,改善凝血指标,降低血管危象、皮瓣坏死等并发症风险。     

Reconstructing abdominal wall defects with a free composite tissue flap: A case report

BACKGROUNDReconstructive repair of huge full-thickness abdominal wall defects following debridement for abdominal electric burns remains a clinically challenging task. An ideal abdominal wall repair means a re-closure of the defected abdominal wall with pedicled neurovascular myofascial flaps, restoration of the abdominal wall integrity, and maintenance of the abdominal wall muscle tension to prevent the occurrence of abdominal wall hernia. When treating huge full-thickness defects, composite autologous tissue flaps are a good option for the repair. CASE SUMMARYThis study reported the case of a 43-year-old male patient suffering from full-thickness abdominal wall defects complicated with necrosis of multiple bowel segments and duodenal leak following high-voltage burns involving the left upper limb and abdomen. After debridement for abdominal electric burns and end-to-end anastomosis for the necrotic bowels, reconstruction with acellular dermal matrix grafting and vacuum sealing drainage were performed for temporary abdominal closure. The remaining 18 cm × 15 cm full-thickness abdominal wall defect was repaired using a combined anterolateral thigh and tensor fascia lata free flap. The proposed method achieved the functional reconstruction of the abdominal wall.CONCLUSIONThis approach restored the abdominal wall integrity, maintained certain muscle tension, avoided abdominal hernia, reached satisfactory aesthetic effect, and resulted in no complications in the grafting regions.