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目的 探讨壮族居民生命早期饥荒经历与成年后中心型肥胖的关系。方法 将1 279名在1959—1961年经历饥荒的研究对象分为未经历组(1963年之后出生)、胎儿期经历组(1959—1962年出生)、儿童期经历组(1949—1958年出生)、青春期经历组(1941—1948年出生),采用二分类logistic回归模型评估壮族居民生命早期饥荒暴露与成年后中心型肥胖的关系。结果 壮族居民成年后中心型肥胖的发生率为30.88%。与未经历暴露人群相比,胎儿期暴露(OR=3.527,95%CI:1.877~6.627)和儿童期暴露(OR=2.863,95%CI:1.3297~6.167)的壮族居民成年后中心型肥胖的风险较高。结论 壮族居民生命早期经历饥荒是成年后中心型肥胖的危险因素。经历饥荒的广西壮族居民,应关注中心型肥胖发生情况,预防其他相关慢性病。  相似文献   
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BackgroundObesity in children contributes to higher risks of various chronic diseases in adulthood and the prevalence has increased worldwide including Japan.ObjectivesThis study aims to examine the association between sleep duration at night in children aged 2.5 years and the subsequent risk of obesity at age 5.5 years.MethodsThis study is embedded in the Longitudinal Survey on Babies Born in the 21st Century, which recruited families who had a child born in Japan in 2001. The multivariable logistic regression models were applied to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95 % confidence intervals (CI) of childhood obesity at 5.5 years, defined as percentage of overweight (POW) ≥ 20 % and body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95th percentile of this study population according to sleep duration at night collected at 2.5 years child age.ResultsAmong 25,378 children, 2.6 % and 3.7 % were obese at age 5.5 years defined by POW and BMI respectively. Compared with night sleep duration > 11 h/d, shorter sleep durations in 2.5 years-old children were associated with higher risk of obesity at 5.5 years; the multivariable ORs (95 %CI) were 1.05 (0.81–1.35), 1.23 (0.93–1.62) and 1.54 (1.04–2.31) for sleep duration 10, 9 and ≤ 8 h/d, respectively; p-trend = 0.03. The observed association differed according to the children (child’s sex, napping habits, and children frequently play at park), and family characteristics (mother’s age at delivery and mother’s level of education).ConclusionShort night sleep duration among girls aged 2.5 years was associated with risk of obesity at age 5.5 years, suggesting the importance of sufficient sleep duration at night for the prevention of obesity.  相似文献   
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This article explores the dynamics between fat shaming, neoliberalism, ideological constructions of health and the ‘obesity epidemic’ within the UK, using the UK Government’s recent Tackling Obesity campaign in response to Covid-19 as an illustration. We draw attention to how fat shaming as a practice that encourages open disdain for those living with excess weight operates as a moralising tool to regulate and manage those who are viewed as ‘bad’ citizens. In doing so, we begin by outlining how the ideological underpinnings of ‘health’ have been transformed under neoliberalism. We then consider the problematic use of fat shaming discourses that are often used as tools to promote ‘healthy’ lifestyle choices by those who view it as not only an acceptable way of communicating the health risks associated with obesity but also a productive way of motivating people with obesity to lose weight. Drawing on Graham Scambler’s theoretical framework regarding shame and blame (2020), we discuss how ‘heaping blame on shame’ has become a ‘wilful political strategy’ under neoliberalism, particularly as it relates to individuals with obesity, and how the Tackling Obesity campaign leverages concerns around ‘choices’ and ‘costs’ as a means through which to encourage normative models of self-care and self-discipline.  相似文献   
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BackgroundChildhood obesity places a major burden on global public health. We aimed to identify and characterize potential factors, both individually and jointly, in association with overweight and obesity in Chinese preschool-aged children.MethodsWe cross-sectionally recruited 9501 preschool-aged children from 30 kindergartens in Beijing and Tangshan. Overweight and obesity are defined according to the World Health Organization (WHO), International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), and China criteria.ResultsAfter multivariable adjustment, eating speed, sleep duration, birthweight, and paternal body mass index (BMI) were consistently and significantly associated with childhood overweight and obesity under three growth criteria at a significance level of 5%. Additional fast food intake frequency, maternal BMI, gestational weight gain (GWG) and maternal pre-pregnancy BMI were significant factors for overweight (WHO criteria) and obesity (both IOTF and China criteria). Importantly, there were significant interactions between parental obesity and eating speed for childhood obesity. Finally, for practical reasons, risk nomogram models were constructed for childhood overweight and obesity based on significant factors under each criterion, with good prediction accuracy.ConclusionOur findings indicated a synergistic association of lifestyle, fetal and neonatal, and family-related factors with the risk of experiencing overweight and obesity among preschool-aged children.  相似文献   
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ObjectivesOlder adults with sarcopenic obesity have a higher risk of experiencing mobility difficulty. Additionally, sarcopenia and obesity are closely associated with knee osteoarthritis. This study investigated the associations of sarcopenia, obesity, and in combination of both with walking disability during postoperative rehabilitation in older adults with knee osteoarthritis who underwent total knee replacement.DesignA retrospective cohort study.Setting and ParticipantsFrom a rehabilitation center database, we retrospectively selected and investigated 482 older patients with knee osteoarthritis who had undergone total knee replacement and received postoperative rehabilitation.MethodsSarcopenia was identified in accordance with the diagnostic criteria established by the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia and obesity was defined as body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2. Accordingly, patients were classified into four body composition groups, namely sarcopenic obese, sarcopenic, obese, and normal (reference group). After total knee replacement, all patients attended monthly follow-up admission during the postoperative rehabilitation. Gait speed was measured before surgery and monthly after total knee replacement. A gait speed cutoff of 1.0 m/s was used to identify postoperative walking disability. Kaplan–Meier curve analysis was performed to measure the probability of experiencing postoperative walking disability among the groups. Cox multivariate regression models were established to calculate the hazard ratios of postoperative walking disability.ResultsCompared with the reference group, the sarcopenic, obese, and sarcopenic obese groups appeared to have a higher probability of experiencing postoperative walking disability (all P < .001). The sarcopenic obese group were likely to have the highest risk of experiencing postoperative walking disability (adjusted hazard ratio = 3.89).Conclusions and ImplicationsSarcopenia or obesity alone may independently exert negative effects on postoperative gait speed. The participants with sarcopenic obesity were likely to have the highest risk of experiencing walking disability following total knee replacement. The findings may serve as a reference for clinicians developing rehabilitation strategies to optimize walking ability after total knee replacement, especially those preoperatively diagnosed as having sarcopenic obesity.  相似文献   
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