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胡菁  万文洁  刘娜 《全科护理》2022,20(2):273-276
目的:了解护理本科生对实习前高仿真模拟教学过程及教学效果的评价。方法:选取上海市某高校大学三年级189名护理本科生为研究对象,在实习前开展高仿真模拟教学,采用模拟教学设计量表、模拟教学实践量表、学生学习满意度和自信心量表对教学过程和效果进行评价。结果:护理本科生对高仿真模拟教学设计和教学实践评价较高。学生对模拟教学有较高的学习满意度和自信心。结论:高仿真模拟教学可有效地衔接理论学习与临床实践,护理本科生对此教学方法评价较高。  相似文献   
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Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) teaching is set to undergo a paradigm shift towards competency-based training. With increasing focus on resident skill development and patient safety, computerized simulators are likely to play a more mainstream role in OMS training. A systematic review of the available literature was conducted, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, to highlight the scope of computerized simulation in OMS teaching. A PubMed search was performed by two independent reviewers, and 35 articles published in English between 2010 and 2021 that reported the use of computerized simulation for teaching maxillofacial procedures were included in the analysis. Eight articles on minor oral surgery, seven on orthognathic surgery, five on maxillofacial trauma, five on cleft lip and palate surgery, three articles each on nerve block techniques, endoscopic procedures, and reconstructive surgery, and one article on fibre-optic intubation reported the use of computerized simulation that can be applied to OMS training. Ten randomized controlled trials were identified in the search. However there was marked heterogeneity among the studies. Simulator training for skill acquisition mentored by an expert OMS educator could offer holistic resident training; however more studies that test common themes of resident training such as knowledge acquisition and skill development are necessary.  相似文献   
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目的探讨腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞对高龄髋关节置换术患者术后疼痛的缓解作用及对认知功能的保护机制。 方法选取2016年6月至2018年5月于海南省万宁市人民医院行单次全髋关节置换术的高龄患者120例,年龄80~100岁,纳入标准:年龄范围为80~100岁,美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)分级Ⅱ~Ⅲ级;符合全髋关节置换术相关手术指征;认知功能正常。排除标准:合并严重原发疾病者;合并精神病或神经系统疾病者;依从性较差者;对本研究麻醉方案过敏者。所有患者采用随机数字表法分为两组:全身麻醉组(GA组),腰丛-坐骨神经阻滞组(PCSNB组),每组各60例。比较两组术中情况(麻醉操作时间、手术时间、术中出血量、术中补液量),手术前后血清碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)水平。采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)评估两组患者术后疼痛程度,采用简易精神状态量表(MMSE)及蒙特利尔认知评估量表(MoCA)评估两组患者认知功能。正态分布的计量资料采用t检验,同一指标在3个以上不同时间点上比较,采用重复测量方差分析。 结果PCSNB组麻醉操作时间显著高于GA组(t=17.74,P<0.001),术中出血量及术中补液量均显著低于GA组(t=7.56、14.59、7.60,均为P<0.001)。术后1 d两组血清bFGF水平均有所下降(t=13.14、6.82,均为P<0.001),但PCSNB组血清bFGF水平显著高于GA组(t=7.43,P <0.001)。PCSNB组术后2、12及24 h的VAS评分显著低于对照组(F=8.03、6.56,均为P <0.001)。术后1 d,PCSNB组MMSE评分及MoCA评分均显著低于对照组(t=3.89、4.58,均为P <0.001)。 结论腰丛联合坐骨神经阻滞可减轻高龄髋关节置换术患者术后疼痛,对患者认知功能具有保护作用,可能与bFGF水平有关。  相似文献   
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An essential role of critical care advanced practice providers—advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants—is to have knowledge and competency to make accurate and efficient decisions. The ability to manage clinical scenarios involving medically deteriorating patients requires higher-order cognitive thinking and leadership skills that are challenging to extrapolate in traditional interviews. In critical care, advanced practice providers must make rapid clinical assessments and implement appropriate medical interventions to deter progression of life-threatening illnesses. Adding clinical simulation to the traditional interview allows interviewers to evaluate applicants’ crisis resource management skills, leadership, and clinical competency.  相似文献   
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AimThis study aimed to develop and identify the effects of a tiered competence-based simulation educator development program on knowledge, competence and attitudes.BackgroundCompetence and educational needs-based training is required to improve nursing simulation educators' learning outcomes.DesignThis study used a one-group pretest–posttest design.MethodsA convenience sample of 65 nursing simulation educators completed a self-administered questionnaire. Three levels of training programs were implemented: basic, intermediate and advanced courses. The pretest–posttest differences in knowledge, competence and attitude scores were analyzed using the paired t-test. The main variable scores for the three programs were compared using one-way ANOVA and the Scheffé post hoc test.ResultsPosttest levels of knowledge, competence and attitudes were higher than the pretest measures. Simulation educators in the basic course reported greater improvements in perceived competence when compared with participants in the intermediate course.ConclusionsThe tiered competence-based simulation educator development program improved nursing simulation educators' knowledge, competence and attitudes across all course levels.  相似文献   
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目的 探讨情景模拟联合实训口诀法在ICU护生心肺复苏培训的效果。方法 将80名护生随机分为对照组与观察组各40名。对照组采用常规教学方法;观察组采用情景模拟联合实训口诀法进行心肺复苏培训。比较两组培训前后的理论、操作成绩,操作失误率,抢救时各项操作落实时间及观察组对教学方法的评价。结果 培训后观察组心肺复苏理论及操作考核成绩显著高于对照组,环境评估和顺序颠倒失误率显著低于对照组,各项抢救落实措施显著短于对照组(均P<0.01),观察组对此教学方法的满意度为100%。结论 情景模拟联合实训口诀法培训有助于提高心肺复苏培训效果,提高护生满意度。  相似文献   
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The aim of this study is to provide an improved method for traffic accident reconstruction based on geomatics techniques and numerical simulations. A combination of various techniques was used. First, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), laser scanner and structured-light scanner were used to obtain information on the accident scene, vehicle and victim. The collected traces provided detailed initial impact conditions for subsequent numerical simulations. Then, multi-body system (MBS) simulations were conducted to reconstruct the kinematics of the car-to-pedestrian collision. Finally, a finite element (FE) simulation using the THUMS model was performed to predict injuries. A real-life vehicle-pedestrian collision was used to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this method. The reconstruction result revealed that the kinematic and injury predictions of the numerical simulations effectively conformed to the surveillance video and investigation of the actual accident. UAV photogrammetry was demonstrated to be more efficient in accident data collection than hand sketch and measurement, and 3D laser scanning enabled an easier and more accurate modeling process of vehicle. The present study shows the feasibility of this method for use in traffic accident reconstruction.  相似文献   
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