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1.
背景 音乐治疗作为新兴的治疗方法,在慢性疾病康复中的应用逐渐兴起,且日益得到重视。但音乐治疗对糖尿病康复的效果研究尚少见报道。 目的 观察音乐辅助阿格列汀对2型糖尿病患者糖脂代谢的影响。 方法 选取2019年10月至2021年2月在中国康复研究中心北京博爱医院内分泌科门诊就诊的口服药物血糖控制不佳的2型糖尿病患者65例。采用随机数字表法将患者分为A组(n=35)和B组(n=30),两组患者均保持原有饮食、运动习惯。A组在原治疗(药物种类、剂量不变)基础上联用阿格列汀片治疗,B组在A组基础上给予音乐辅助治疗。两组患者均连续治疗12周。比较治疗前及治疗12周后两组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、尿酸(UA)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPG)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、β细胞功能分泌指数(HOMA-β);观察患者治疗过程中不良反应发生情况。 结果 两组试验过程中因药物不良反应均剔除1例患者,A组、B组最终分别有34、29例患者完成试验。B组患者治疗12周后2 hPG低于A组(P<0.05)。治疗12周后两组患者FPG、HbA1c、2 hPG均低于组内治疗前,HOMA-β高于组内治疗前(P<0.05);治疗12周后B组患者LDL-C、TC均低于组内治疗前(P<0.05)。两组均未发生低血糖事件。 结论 音乐辅助阿格列汀较无音乐辅助更能降低2型糖尿病患者的餐后血糖,改善血脂情况。需要强调的是,音乐治疗的效果一定是在饮食控制、适当运动、合理用药的基础上。  相似文献   
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Background: Nanotechnology is receiving greater attention these days as a result of its applications in numerous industrial, medical, and environmental fields. Objective: To synthesize silver nanoparticles with a green alga, Cladophora glomerata, and determine their inhibitory activity against tumor cell (MCF-7) and transgenic mouse cell (L20B) lines. Materials and Methods: Methanol extract was prepared from Cladophora glomerata and used as a safe factory for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). UV-visible spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and EDX analyses were used to characterize the biosynthesized AgNPs. The anti-tumor activity of the phycosynthesized AgNPs was tested against the MCF-7 and L20B cell lines. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds in the algal extract were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Results: The phycosynthesis produced clusters of spherical and polydispersed cuboidal pure AgNPs with an average size of 32 nm. The phycosynthesized AgNPs possess anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities on the MCF-7 and L20B cell lines, with significant anti-proliferation percentages of 52.8 and 65.8%, respectively, after 48 hours of treatment with 100 μg/ml AgNPs. Both treated cell lines showed a significant change in cellular shape and tissue detachment. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of a high proportion of octadecanoic acid (47.59%) and hexadecanoic acid (14.97%). Conclusion: Cladophora glomerata contains chemicals that improve the stabilization and reduction properties of the nanoparticles. It can be used as a safe, local, and natural source for the synthesis of AgNPs and can also be used as a benign factory for many other metal nanoparticles. The phycosynthesized AgNPs have anti-cancer and anti-tumor activities on the test cell lines and provide an insight into the potential for using them as a trend in cancer nanotherapy.  相似文献   
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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to estimate the antibacterial activity of three different herbal extracts against oral bacteria and their bioactive composition.MethodsUsing the disk diffusion technique, the antibacterial activities of three different extracts (lemongrass, sage, and guava leaf) were evaluated against oral bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis). Additionally, the bioactive components of the herbal extracts were assessed by employing the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry technique.ResultsThe sage, lemongrass, and guava leaf extracts suppressed the proliferation of all three tested bacterial strains at different rates. The phytochemical analysis revealed that sage extract possessed the highest content of antioxidants, phenols, and flavonoid compounds. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of the tested plants revealed the presence of vital bioactive compounds.ConclusionsLemongrass, sage, and guava leaf extracts have potent antibacterial activities, are rich in bioactive compounds, and could be utilized as natural remedies for the prevention of oral diseases.  相似文献   
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杨芬  邢娟 《中国校医》2022,36(6):436-438
目的 探讨神经肌肉电刺激联合Kegel锻炼在产后盆底功能障碍性疾病(FPFD)中的应用效果。方法 选择2019年1月—2020年12月本院接诊的90例产后FPFD患者,按随机数字表法分为研究组(45例)与对照组(45例)。对照组行单纯Kegel锻炼,在此基础上,研究组行神经肌肉电刺激干预。比较两组康复效果、盆底Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类肌肌力μV、肌纤维收缩时间、最大阴道内压以及压力性尿失禁、性功能障碍发生率。结果 研究组康复总有效率为95.56%,高于对照组的82.22%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.050,P=0.044);两组干预3个月后盆底Ⅰ类肌肌力、Ⅱ类肌肌力、肌纤维收缩时间以及最大阴道内压明显高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),研究组盆底Ⅰ类肌肌力为(4.212±0.351)μV、Ⅱ类肌肌力为(4.983±0.508)μV、Ⅰ类肌肌纤维收缩时间为(4.383±0.456)s、Ⅱ类肌肌纤维收缩时间(4.191±0.494)s、最大阴道内压为(83.282±4.157)cmH2O,高于对照组的(2.023±0.315)μV、(2.314±0.451)μV、(3.264±0.418)s、(3.053±0.412)s、(73.355±4.260)cmH2O,有统计学差异(t=31.421、26.626、12.342、11.970、11.201,P均<0.001);研究组干预后压力性尿失禁发生率为4.44%、性功能障碍发生率为35.56%,低于对照组的22.22%、57.78%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=6.154、4.464,P=0.013、0.035)。结论 神经肌肉电刺激联合Kegel锻炼能够有效增强产后FPFD患者盆底肌力,延长肌纤维。  相似文献   
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IntroductionThe sofosbuvir-velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) combination is a direct-acting antiviral therapy that is authorized and available in Mexico, making the performance of a real-world multicenter study that evaluates the sustained virologic response at 12 weeks post-treatment a relevant undertaking.MethodsA retrospective review of the case records of 241 patients seen at 20 hospitals in Mexico was conducted to assess hepatitis C treatment with the SOF/VEL combination (n = 231) and the sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/ribavirin (SOF/VEL/RBV) combination (n = 10). The primary efficacy endpoint was the percentage of patients that achieved SVR at 12 weeks after the end of treatment.ResultsOverall SVR was 98.8% (95% CI 97.35-100%). Only three patients did not achieve SVR, two of whom had cirrhosis and a history of previous treatment with peg-IFN. Of the subgroups analyzed, all the patients with HIV coinfection, three patients with genotype 3, and the patients treated with the SOF/VEL/RBV combination achieved SVR. The subgroups with the lower success rates were patients that were treatment-experienced (96.8%) and patients with F1 fibrosis (95.5%). The most frequent adverse events were fatigue, headache, and insomnia. No serious adverse events were reported.ConclusionTreatments with SOF/VEL and SOF/VEL/RBV were highly safe and effective, results coinciding with those of other international real-world studies.  相似文献   
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Oxidative stress and inflammation are two possible mechanisms related to nephrotoxicity caused by environmental pollutants. Ellagic acid, a powerful antioxidant phytochemical, may have great relevance in mitigating pollutant-induced nephrotoxicity and preventing the progression of kidney disease. This review discusses the latest findings on the protective effects of ellagic acid, its metabolic derivatives, the urolithins, against kidney toxicity caused by heavy metals, pesticides, mycotoxins, and organic air pollutants. We describe the chelating, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic, antiautophagic, and antiapoptotic properties of ellagic acid to attenuate nephrotoxicity. Furthermore, we present the molecular targets and signaling pathways that are regulated by these antioxidants, and suggest some others that should be explored. Nevertheless, the number of reports is still limited to establish the efficacy of ellagic acid against kidney damage induced by environmental pollutants. Therefore, additional preclinical studies on this topic are required, as well as the development of well-designed clinical trials.  相似文献   
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目的初步探索特布他林与硝苯地平用于产时胎儿宫内复苏(intrauterine fetal resuscitation,IUFR)的安全性及有效性。方法本研究采用随机对照方法,前瞻性将2021年1月至2021年4月在广州市妇女儿童医疗中心分娩中出现不可靠胎心监护图形(non-reassuring fetal heart rate tracing,NRFHT)的110例孕产妇随机分为特布他林组(硫酸特布他林0.25 mg皮下注射,n=55)和硝苯地平组(硝苯地平10 mg口服,n=55)。收集2组孕妇使用药物前及用药后5、15、30 min的血压、心率、血氧饱和度等血流动力学变化,以及IUFR的成功率、药物起效时间、产后出血率等指标,采用t检验、χ2检验、Fisher精确概率法及秩和检验对数据进行统计学分析。结果特布他林组和硝苯地平组孕妇用药前后平均动脉压及血氧饱和度比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05);硝苯地平组孕妇用药前后心率无明显变化(P>0.05),而特布他林组孕妇心率在用药后5、15、30 min均快于用药前[(97.0±20.2)、(99.2±13.8)、(91.8±12.6)与(81.7±11.3)次/min,P值均<0.001],但心率增快效应在30 min开始下降,与用药后15 min相比,心率下降了6.4次/min(95%CI:1.5~11.2,P<0.05)。所有孕产妇均未发生需要医疗干预的不良反应。特布他林组有78.2%(43/55)复苏成功,与硝苯地平组的70.9%(39/55)比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.77,P=0.381);特布他林组药物起效时间明显快于硝苯地平组[2 min(1~6 min)与6 min(1~10 min),U=2348.50,P<0.001]。2组孕产妇因NRFHT行剖宫产及阴道助产、1 h内再次使用宫缩抑制剂等方面比较差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。2组产后出血量、产后出血率、新生儿低Apgar评分(≤7分)、低脐动脉pH值(pH<7.2)、新生儿窒息率及新生儿重症监护病房入住率等方面差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。结论特布他林用于产时IUFR暂未发现明显不良反应;其起效速度快,可作为处理产时紧急IUFR的选择方案。  相似文献   
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Antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) have made immense strides in optimizing antibiotic, antifungal, and antiviral use in clinical settings. However, although ASPs are required institutionally by regulatory agencies in the United States and Canada, they are not mandated for transplant centers or programs specifically. Despite the fact that solid organ transplant recipients in particular are at increased risk of infections from multidrug-resistant organisms, due to host and donor factors and immunosuppressive therapy, there currently are little rigorous data regarding stewardship practices in solid organ transplant populations, and thus, no transplant-specific requirements currently exist. Further complicating matters, transplant patients have a wide range of variability regarding their susceptibility to infection, as factors such as surgery of transplant, intensity of immunosuppression, and presence of drains or catheters in situ may modify the risk of infection. As such, it is not feasible to have a “one-size-fits-all” style of stewardship for this patient population. The objective of this white paper is to identify opportunities, risk factors, and ASP strategies that should be assessed with solid organ transplant recipients to optimize antimicrobial use, while producing an overall improvement in patient outcomes. We hope it may serve as a springboard for development of future guidance and identification of research opportunities.  相似文献   
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