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1.
随着医疗救治水平的不断提高,早产儿的存活率明显增加,但早产常易伴发脑性瘫痪、运动和认知障碍等一系列神经发育问题,给家庭、社会带来沉重负担。生命早期大脑发育迅速,可塑性强,是进行早期运动干预的良好时机。本文就早产儿早期神经运动干预进行综述,旨在为临床医护人员对早产儿进行适宜有效的运动干预提供参考。 相似文献
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目的探析脑梗死患者应用重复经颅磁刺激与中频电疗对其上肢运动功能康复的影响。方法选取2021年3月~2021年8月期间收治的46例脑梗死患者进行分组研究,随机分为对照组(n=23)与观察组(n=23)。对照组给予常规药物与肢体功能康复治疗,观察组基于对照组治疗方案给予重复经颅磁刺激与中频电疗,对比两组临床疗效,运动功能量表(Fugl-Meyer)评分及不良反应发生率。结果观察组临床总有效率为95.65%,对照组为73.91%,观察组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组治疗后Fugl-Meyer评分显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率为8.70%,对照组为4.34%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论脑梗死患者应用重复经颅磁刺激与中频电疗后,可进一步提高临床疗效,改善神经功能及运功功能,且不会增加不良反应。 相似文献
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为了保证电子设备在复杂的电磁环境中正常运行,需要对其进行电磁防护。传统的电磁防护方法尽管已取得较好的防护效果,但是还存在一定的不足。为了弥补传统电磁防护的不足,本研究提出基于神经抗扰机制的电磁仿生方法,并具体提出基于神经元抗扰机制的新型方波发生器。采用最接近生物神经元电生理活动的数学模型Hodgkin-Huxley模型对新型方波发生器进行设计。利用Matlab的Simulink工具箱搭建方波发生器的仿真程序,分析方波信号占空比的特性,得到模型参数对占空比的影响程度。基于田口方法的望小特性优化方波发生器的模型参数,从而得到特定占空比。该方波发生器可为智能电子设备提供稳定可靠的方波信号。 相似文献
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利用脑网络研究经颅直流电刺激(tDCS)对脑功能机制和脑皮层状态的影响具有重要意义。本研究基于偏定向相干因果分析方法,构建被试在不同tDCS刺激实验范式下进行运动想象的因效性脑网络。以因效性脑网络的功能脑区通道信息流入、流出率为局部特征,平均聚类系数、全局效率为全局特征,分析研究tDCS对运动想象脑网络特征的影响。16名健康被试均为右利手。结果显示,被试执行左手运动想象下,伪刺激和阳极刺激C4后的C4通道信息流出率、流入率、平均聚类系数和全局效率分别为0.142±0.014、0.193±0.013、0.585±0.046、0.347±0.031和0.223±0.025、0.258±0.023、0.817±0.021、0.491±0.091,均存在显著性差异(P<0.05);tDCS阴极刺激C4后的C4通道信息流出率、平均聚类系数和全局效率分别为0.109±0.009、0.356±0.037和0.252±0.024,与伪刺激相比差异显著(P<0.05),C4通道信息流入率为0.184±0.008,与伪刺激相比无显著差异(P>0.05)。研究表明,阳极tDCS有效激活该脑区皮层的活跃性,使脑区信息交流更加频繁,增加脑网络的聚集程度,提高脑网络的连通性;阴极tDCS刺激则会抑制脑区皮层的活跃性,降低了脑区信息的流出,减少脑网络的聚集程度,降低脑网络的连通性。 相似文献
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《Allergology international》2022,71(3):278-287
The nervous system and the immune system individually play important roles in regulating the processes necessary to maintain physiological homeostasis, respond to acute stress and protect against external threats. These two regulating systems for maintaining the living body had often been assumed to function independently. Allergies develop as a result of an overreaction of the immune system to substances that are relatively harmless to the body, such as food, pollen and dust mites. Therefore, it has been generally supposed that the development and pathogenesis of allergies can be explained through an immunological interpretation. Recently, however, neuro-immune crosstalk has attracted increasing attention. Consequently, it is becoming clear that there is close morphological proximity and physiological and pathophysiological interactions between neurons and immune cells in various peripheral tissues. Thus, researchers are now beginning to appreciate that neuro-immune interactions may play a role in tissue homeostasis and the pathophysiology of immune-mediated disease, but very little information is available on the molecular basis of these interactions. Mast cells are a part of the innate immune system implicated in allergic reactions and the regulation of host–pathogen interactions. Mast cells are ubiquitous in the body, and these cells are often found in close proximity to nerve fibers in various tissues, including the lamina propria of the intestine. Mast cells and neurons are thought to communicate bidirectionally to modulate neurophysiological effects and mast cell functions, which suggests that neuro-immune interactions may be involved in the pathology of allergic diseases. 相似文献
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《Gait & posture》2022
BackgroundHigh injury rates following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) motivate the need to better understand lingering movement deficiencies following return to sport. Athletic competition involves various types of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges; however, postural control deficiencies during this spectrum of conditions are not well understood following ACLR.Research questionTo what extent is postural control altered following ACLR in the presence of sensory, motor, and cognitive challenges, and does postural control correlate with patient-reported symptoms?MethodsFourteen individuals following ACLR (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 2.4 yr, 76.9 ± 19.1 kg, 1.70 ± 0.14 m) and fourteen matched healthy controls (4 m/10 f, 21.2 ± 1.4 yr, 75.4 ± 15.3 kg, 1.70 ± 0.15 m) participated in the study. Participants completed single-leg balance, ACLR limb or matched side for controls, under four conditions: 1) eyes open, 2) eyes closed, 3) visual-cognitive dual task (i.e., reverse digit span), and 4) motor dual task (i.e., catching a ball). Sample entropy (SEn) was calculated for each balance condition to characterize regularity of center of pressure control. Participants also completed patient-reported outcomes to characterize self-reported knee function, symptoms, and fear. A mixed effects model tested for differences in SEn between balance conditions, and Spearman correlations tested for relationships between SEn and patient-reported outcomes.ResultsA significant Group-by-Condition interaction was detected (P = 0.043). While the motor dual task and eyes closed balance conditions were associated with the lowest SEn for both groups, only the visual-cognitive dual task condition demonstrated a significant difference between groups, with the ACLR group having lower SEn [95% confidence interval for ΔSEn: (0.03, 0.35)]. Lower KOOS-Sport scores were associated with decreased SEn for the ACLR group (ρ = 0.81, P < 0.001).SignificanceThese findings are consistent with ACLR individuals using a less automatic approach to postural control compared to controls, particularly when presented with a visual-cognitive challenge. Altered neuromuscular control persists well after ACLR surgery and can be related to patient-reported outcomes. 相似文献