Effect of different application depths of mitomycin-C in deep sclerectomy with collagen implant: a randomized controlled trial

Purpose: To evaluate effects of mitomycin‐C (MMC) in deep sclerectomy with collagen implant applied under the superficial scleral flap or under the deep scleral flap. Methods: Twenty‐five patients with primary or secondary open‐angle glaucoma and at high risk for postoperative cicatrization underwent deep sclerectomy and were randomly distributed to the two treatment arms. In the superficial MMC group (S‐MMC), MMC was applied under the superficial scleral flap using a soaked sponge for 60 s; in the deep MMC group (D‐MMC), MMC was applied under the deep scleral flap for 60 s before entering the Schlemm's canal. In both groups, remaining MMC was irrigated with 40 mL balanced salt solution. Patients were followed up for up to 2 years. The volume of filtering blebs was studied with ultrasound biomicroscopy at the last follow‐up visit. Results: Mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) was 20.5 ± 8.9 mmHg for D‐MMC and 21.6 ± 6.6 mmHg for S‐MMC eyes (P = 0.67). The mean postoperative IOP was 5.3 ± 3.3 mmHg (D‐MMC) and 6.9 ± 4.8 mmHg (S‐MMC) at day 1 (P = 0.22) and 11.4 ± 6.3 mmHg (D‐MMC) versus 11.3 ± 4.6 mmHg (S‐MMC) at last follow up (P = 0.54). The mean number of medications per patient was reduced from 2.5 ± 0.5 to 0.4 ± 0.5 (D‐MMC) (P < 0.001) and from 2.5 ± 0.9 to 0.3 ± 0.4 (S‐MMC) (P < 0.001). Ultrasound biomicroscopy at 24 months showed mean intrascleral space volume of 1.97 ± 0.35 mm3 (D‐MMC) and 5.68 ± 0.42 mm3 (S‐MMC) (P < 0.05). Conclusion: No significant difference in efficacy and safety was found between the two groups at a mean of 19.2 months of follow up. Deep scleral application of MMC, however, seems to produce significantly smaller intrascleral blebs.     

经尿道电汽化术加丝裂霉素灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎38例

目的：探讨经尿道电汽化加丝裂霉素灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎的临床应用价值。方法：38例腺性膀胱炎采用可持续灌洗电切镜，经尿道使用沟槽状滚型及铲状汽化电极，对膀胱病变处行轻压接触式电汽化处理；电汽化术后一周开始予丝裂霉素(20mg／次)膀胱灌注。结果：35例获随访，随访3—36个月。30例症状消失，3例好转，2例复发。血、尿常规检查基本正常，肝、肾功能检查无明显变化。结论：经尿道电汽化加丝裂霉素灌注治疗腺性膀胱炎，操作简单，安全可靠，疗效确切，值得临床推广。     

肝内胆管细胞癌肝切除治疗术中经大网膜静脉注射丝裂霉素预防复发疗效分析

目的:探讨肝内胆管细胞癌(intrahepatic eholangiocarcinoma,IHCC)肝切除治疗术中经大网膜静脉注射丝裂霉素(mitomycin-C,MMC)对预防术后肿瘤复发的价值.方法:回顾分析2000年1月至2004年6月我院收治的73例IHCC行肝切除术患者的临床资料.术中经大网膜静脉注射10 mg MMC的用药组共计38例,未行任何化疗药物注射的对照组共计35例,随访术后复发情况,并作统计学分析.结果:两组患者在年龄、性别、是否合并病毒行肝炎、肝硬化、术前是否接受肝细胞癌动脉导管化疗栓塞(TACE)等治疗、肿瘤大小、肿瘤数量、肿瘤是否合并门静脉或胆管癌栓、术后是否接受TACE等临床资料上无统计学差异.多因素分析提示术后复发与肿瘤数量及大小有关,危险系数分别为1.877(P=0.001)及1.391(P=0.0294),MMC用药与否对术后复发无明显影响.用药组与对照组术后复发时间,印无瘤生存时间无统计学差异,中位无瘤生存时间分别为术后5个月及3个月(P=0.1253).术后6个月、1年、2年、3年复发率分别为:65.79%,68.57%(P=0.8004);81.58%,94.29%(P=0.0990);89.47%,97.14%(P=1.67955);92.11%,97.14%(P=0.344 7).结论:肝切除术中经大网膜静脉注射MMC(10 mg)对预防IHCC术后肿瘤复发可能没有确切价值,但仍有待进一步的前瞻性研究证实.     

Intraoperative and post operative treatment with 5-Fluorouracil and mitomycin-c: long term effects in vivo on subconjunctival and scleral fibroblasts

Rabbits undergoing full thickness glaucoma filtering surgery were exposed to one of 4 treatments. Group 1 received intraoperative distilled water, group 2 received intraoperative mitomycin-c 0.2 mg/ml for 5 minutes, group 3 received 5 post operative injections of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) 5 mg in 0.1 ml, and group 4 received intraoperative 5-FU 50 mg/ml followed by 5 post operative injections of 5-FU. 30 days after the operation tissue biopsies were taken from the subconjunctival and scleral tissue at the treated area and 90 and 180 degrees from the treated area. The biopsies were then placed in tissue culture media and the outgrowths quantitated. The fibroblast outgrowths from all areas did not differ significantly from each other except for the outgrowths from the areas directly treated with mitomycin 0.2 mg/ml which were significantly smaller. In addition then cells were morphologically abnormal although there were foci of normal cells which appeared to be growing from localised areas in the tissue biopsies. The outgrowths from the areas 90 and 180 degrees from the treated area were normal. Intraoperative treatments with mitomycin-c result in long term inhibition of fibroblast proliferation limited to the treated area, when compared with intraoperative and postoperative treatment with 5-FU. Failure of filtration surgery in eyes treated with intraoperative mitomycin may in part be due to unaffected cells reproliferating.     

Therapeutic plasmapheresis and protein A immunoadsorption in malignancy: a brief review

Plasmapheresis is being used with considerable frequency in the management of malignant and non-malignant disorders. More recently, staphylococcal Protein A immunoadsorption has been employed in similar clinical situations. In patients with malignancy, plasmapheresis has been shown to produce alterations in plasma proteins, decrease circulating immune complexes, remove "specific" and "non-specific" blocking factors, change immune reactivity, and affect monocyte function. Partial responses have been reported in a small number of patients with carcinoma of lung, colon, and breast following plasmapheresis. In addition, there are reports of favorable responses in patients with melanoma, head and neck tumors, lymphomas, leukemias, and Kaposi's sarcoma in acquired immune deficiency. All these responses were partial and brief, and the treatment did not alter the course of the disease. Plasmapheresis has been useful in the management of hyperviscosity and occasionally of paraneoplastic syndromes. It may also have a role in the treatment of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with mitomycin-C therapy. Protein A immunoadsorption, by which circulating immune complexes are selectively removed, can activate the complement system, increase blastogenic responses, and increase the natural killer cell activity. It has been shown to produce partial responses in breast and colon cancer, as well as Kaposi's sarcoma in acquired immune deficiency. It may have a useful role to play in the management of mitomycin-C-associated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Both plasmapheresis and Protein A immunoadsorption should be considered investigational interventions at this time. Toxicity of plasmapheresis, though uncommon, can be serious and may rarely be fatal. Toxicity of Protein A immunoadsorption is mild, consisting mainly of influenza-like symptoms and rash.     

Intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the management of malignant disease

The intraperitoneal administration of antineoplastic agents has been proposed as a method to improve the efficacy of therapy of malignant disease principally confined to the peritoneal cavity. Phase I studies have demonstrated the safety and pharmacokinetic advantage for a number of drugs delivered directly into the body compartment, with surgically-defined responses documented in the Phase II trial setting. More recently reported randomized Phase III studies have revealed a survival benefit associated with the use of intraperitoneal cisplatin, compared to iv. drug delivery when employed as initial treatment of small volume residual advanced ovarian cancer. While there is far less experience with regional therapy of gastrointestinal cancers, limited data suggest intraperitoneal drug administration should be further explored as a potentially important strategy to improve the outcome for this group of malignancies.     

Interferon alpha 2b treatment for residual ocular surface squamous neoplasia unresponsive to excision, cryotherapy and mitomycin-C

Three patients had residual or recurrent tumour following excision of large ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) lesions, which did not resolve despite the use of adjunctive cryotherapy and topical mitomycin-C therapy. The residual tumour was treated with topical or subconjunctival injectable interferon alpha 2b. All three eyes had complete resolution of the OSSN lesions after an average of 6 weeks (range 4-8 weeks) of treatment with interferon alpha 2b. No regrowth was seen during the follow-up period of 22.7 +/- 32.3 months (range 5-60 months). No adverse reactions or complaints were reported during and following interferon use, and previous symptoms from mitomycin-C treatment resolved completely. In these patients subconjunctival or topical interferon was an effective and safe treatment for residual OSSN. Longer follow up is required to confirm the long-term efficacy in prevention of recurrences.     

小切口小梁切除术在青光眼手术中应用的结果

目的评价小切口小梁切除术(MTG)和传统经结膜切口小梁切除术(CTG)在原发性开角型青光眼(POAG)手术中的长期结果。方法前瞻、随机、对照临床试验,将40例患者确诊为原发性开角型青光眼的46眼随机分为CTG组和MTG组(1∶1),每组在术中联合使用0.4g/L丝裂霉素C5min。入选当天记录患者的视力、眼压(IOP)以及视野。术后1,7d,1,2,6mo,1,2a分别记录患者的IOP、视力、滤过泡;术后6mo,1,2a检查患者的视野。结果在MTG中的23眼,术后视力、IOP(低于18或15mmHg,0.01相似文献