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 目的 探讨武警某队属医院收治的骨关节训练伤特点及膝关节损伤的危险因素。方法 收集2020年1-12月因骨关节军事训练伤在武警湖北总队医院骨科住院治疗官兵的病例资料,通过统计骨关节训练伤种类、构成比及受伤训练科目与时间来分析骨关节训练伤的特点。采用回顾性病例对照研究的设计,以分层整群抽样的方式在全总队范围抽取83名发生过膝关节损伤的官兵为损伤组,91名从未发生膝关节损伤的官兵作为未损伤组,向两组受试对象发放问卷,通过问卷设置一般情况、行为习惯、身体素质、训练运动量、主观情绪、社会认知6个维度共20个问题,对问卷内容采用单因素分析和二元Logistic回归分析以探索膝关节损伤的相关危险因素。结果 (1)2020年,武警湖北总队医院共收治骨关节训练伤住院病例155例,含12类疾病诊断,其中膝关节损伤在骨关节训练伤疾病谱系中占比最高,400m障碍是最常导致骨关节损伤的训练科目,1-3月及7-9月为骨关节训练伤发病的高峰期。(2)膝关节损伤的单因素分析显示,损伤组的行中、大强度训练量与消极情绪人数占比高于未损伤组(P<0.05);与损伤组相比,未损伤组中有饮茶习惯的人数占比较高(P<0.05);损伤组中体重指数超重人数占比、吸烟习惯的人数占比及睡眠质量较差的人数占比均高于未损伤组(P<0.05);Logistc回归表明:超负荷训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、高BMI值、吸烟是膝关节训练伤的独立危险因素(P<0.05),饮茶习惯是保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 (1)骨关节训练伤主要由12类病种构成,其中膝关节损伤的占比最高;在发生骨关节损伤的8个训练项目中,400米障碍训练是最容易发生骨关节损伤的,每年1-3月及7-9月是骨关节训练伤发病率的高峰期。(2)过高训练量、消极情绪、睡眠差、吸烟、高BMI值是在军事训练中导致膝关节损伤的独立危险因素,饮茶习惯则是保护因素。  相似文献   
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In this article, we examine the social management of fatness via an analysis of 4 years of participant‐observation in military‐style fitness boot camps and interviews with camp participants, trainers and organisers/owners. We begin by focusing on popular imagery of the ‘boot camp’. The boot camp model takes various forms; yet, whether it involves civilian participants, as on reality television shows, or the imagined military ones of films, the boot camp model emphasises the re‐fashioning of the individual via the disciplining of bodies and selves. Such constructions of boot camps were employed by our respondents to lay claim to identities which highlight their hard work, strength of character, fundamental ‘goodness’ and self‐discipline, as those qualities are demonstrated through the body – even though participants’ actual bodies change little at camp. Such meanings stand in direct contradiction to broader social constructions of fatness and participants’ own negative perceptions of fat people. Moreover, even within the camps themselves, such identity claims are contested, both by camp trainers and by slimmer and ‘fitter’ attendees. These counterclaims are grounded in ideas about the characterological implications of the fat body, beliefs about the purpose of boot camp and notions of the body's capacity for change.  相似文献   
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Objectives: There are disparities in the uptake of HPV vaccine among racial/ethnic minority women. The strongest predictor of HPV vaccine uptake among adult women is health care provider (HCP) recommendation; however, it is unclear how issues relating to race/ethnicity may mitigate these recommendations. Research shows that racial/ethnic and gender concordance between a patient and HCP can improve patient satisfaction, access and quality of care. If concordance contributes to improved patient-provider interactions, then it may be a factor in patient decisions regarding HPV vaccination. The objectives of this study were to (1) explore gender and ethnicity HCP preference regarding HPV vaccination among unvaccinated; and (2) understand factors associated with those preferences.

Design: Unvaccinated Latina college students (n?=?187) completed a survey that assessed HCP preferences, medical mistrust, cultural assimilation and HPV vaccine recommendation. Logistic regression models evaluated associations between above variables with HPV knowledge and preference for a female and/or Latina HCP.

Results: Most respondents had health insurance (71%), a regular HCP (64%), were US-born (67%), with foreign-born parents (74%). Thirty-four percent and 18% agreed that they would be more likely to get the HPV vaccine if the recommending HCP was female and Latino, respectively. Latina women reporting higher medical mistrust preferred a HPV vaccine recommendation from a Latino/a provider.

Conclusions: Latinas’ preferences regarding gender and ethnicity of their HCPs may affect patient-provider interactions. Increasing diversity and cultural awareness among HCPs, and providing linguistically and culturally-appropriate information may decrease patient-provider mistrust, increase uptake of the HPV vaccine, and decrease persistent cervical cancer disparities.  相似文献   

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One of the international objectives in psychiatric care is reducing the use of coercion. Containment methods are meant to keep patients safe, yet usually include coercion. Nurses play a key role in deciding whether or not containment should be used and, as such, their attitudes towards containment can significantly impact the extent to which these methods are applied. The aim of this integrative review was to identify, analyse, and synthesize the available research on psychiatric nursing staffs’ attitudes towards containment methods in inpatient psychiatric care. An electronic search was conducted using the CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO databases. In addition, the citations of identified studies were screened for relevant research. A total of 24 relevant papers published between 2002 and 2017 were selected for further analysis. These studies revealed variation in nursing staffs’ attitudes towards the use of containment methods. The use of containment methods seems to be widely accepted and nurses reported rarely considering alternative measures. It appears that attitudes towards containment have continuously become more negative, although the change has not been very pronounced. The concept of attitude was only defined in two studies. Thus, future research should strive to clarify this concept, as a generally accepted definition for attitude within nursing research and the utilization of all dimensions of this concept are both essential to the nursing field. Currently, it would be important to focus on changing attitudes among psychiatric nursing staff to reduce the use of containment methods; this calls for more research on nursing staffs’ attitudes.  相似文献   
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