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目的: 通过构建大鼠糖尿病周围神经病变(diabetic peripheral neuropathy,DPN)模型探究胰高血糖素样肽1(glucagon-like peptide 1,GLP-1)类似物利拉鲁肽对DPN大鼠坐骨神经聚腺苷二磷酸核糖聚合酶/激活核因子-κB(poly ADP-ribose polymerase/nuclear factor kappa-B,PARP/NF-κB)表达的影响。方法: SD大鼠84只,随机选12只作为正常组;其余大鼠均采用链脲佐菌素诱导建立DPN模型。建模成功后,抽取72只大鼠随机分为模型组,胰岛素组,甲钴胺组,利拉鲁肽低、中、高剂量组。正常组和模型组皮下注射等体积生理盐水,胰岛素组给予胰岛素治疗,甲钴胺组给予甲钴胺治疗,给药组给予不同剂量利拉鲁肽治疗,共治疗8周。记录各组大鼠体质量和血糖,测定神经反应速度,ELISA检测炎症因子,流式细胞术检测细胞凋亡,Western blot检测PARP-1、NF-κB蛋白表达,EMSA检测NF-κB转录活性。选择RSC96细胞建立高糖环境下细胞损伤模型,应用基因芯片预测PARP-靶基因,并通过转染PARP-1进行检验。结果: 与模型组比较,利拉鲁肽治疗后大鼠体质量显著增加,血糖显著降低,神经反应速度提高(P<0.05);大鼠实验和细胞实验显示利拉鲁肽给药后细胞炎症因子含量及PARP和NF-κB蛋白表达较模型组显著降低,高剂量组降低幅度更明显(P<0.05);大鼠神经细胞凋亡率较模型组显著降低(P<0.05);利拉鲁肽抑制了NF-κB的转录活性;PARP-1转染组炎症因子和PARP-1、NF-κB蛋白水平显著高于中剂量组(P<0.05),PARP-1/NF-κB是GLP-1对糖尿病神经病变大鼠抗炎症作用的重要靶点。结论: 利拉鲁肽可以降低DPN大鼠坐骨神经PARP-1和NF-κB的表达水平,从而降低大鼠坐骨神经损伤,起到防治糖尿病周围神经病变损伤的作用。  相似文献   
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Introduction: Obesity is a worldwide problem predisposing to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, cardiovascular disease, cancer and other comorbidities. Lifestyle modification is the first line intervention but adjunctive pharmacotherapy is often required. The GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) were developed primarily for T2DM and they also reduce body weight. Liraglutide was approved for the treatment of obesity and other GLP-1RAs are likely to be suitable for this indication.

Areas covered: This review describes the GLP-1RAs that have been approved for the treatment of T2DM as potential candidates for the treatment of obesity and the new agents currently under development which may have advantages in patient adherence.

Expert opinion: The GLP-1RAs offer a welcome addition to obesity pharmacotherapy. They appear to be free of serious adverse effects although uncertainty remains about possible risks of pancreatitis and neoplasms. However, they have frequent gastrointestinal side effects, particularly nausea, which limits their tolerability. Cardiovascular outcome studies in T2DM support their use and this is likely to increase in both T2DM and obesity. Other GLP-1RAs which can be given by subcutaneous injection once weekly or less frequently or by oral administration would have advantages especially if nausea is less frequent than with liraglutide.  相似文献   
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Background:

Obesity is associated with multiple comorbidities and increased mortality, making it an important target for treatment. However, achieving and maintaining weight loss by diet and physical activity remains challenging, and may often require pharmacotherapy. Liraglutide 3.0 mg has recently been approved for weight management in the United States, Canada, and EU. The current analysis used a summative usability test to assess safety and effectiveness, ease of use, and training requirements for the novel liraglutide 3.0 mg pen injector.

Methods:

Of the 234 participants, half received instructions for use and video-based training and/or opportunity to handle the device. All participants (excluding pharmacists) performed 6 tasks followed by post- task interviews on task difficulty, device ease of use, and any use errors, close calls, and operational difficulties. Tasks included differentiation of correct box and pen injector, medication clarity assessment, normal, dose reversal, and end-of-content injection. Number/type of use errors, close calls, and operational difficulties were evaluated.

Results:

All assessed participants interpreted the instructions for use correctly. No potentially serious use errors, and low numbers of nonserious errors, were reported. Overall, participants committed 105 use errors related to handling, with no potential for harm. A total of 25 close calls and 44 operational difficulties were reported without any pattern indicative of a design flaw. Marked differences in the incidence of events were observed for trained versus untrained participants regardless of prior injection experience. Participants rated ease of use as 6.4/7.

Conclusions:

The liraglutide 3.0 mg pen injector is safe and easy to use for liraglutide administration. New device features allow for safe use after brief training.  相似文献   
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陈晓军  曾建 《武警医学》2020,31(7):557-560
 

目的 观察达格列净对利拉鲁肽治疗12周后超重/肥胖2型糖尿病患者(type 2 diabetic mellitus, T2DM)的疗效。方法 选取93例经利拉鲁肽治疗刚满12周的超重/肥胖T2DM患者,按1∶1随机分为利拉鲁肽(liraglutide,Lir)组46例和达格列净(dapagliflozin,Dap)组47例。Lir组继续应用利拉鲁肽,Dap组换用达格列净,继续治疗12周。比较两组治疗前后血糖、体重、腰围、血压变化。结果 治疗12周后,两组的血糖、体重、腰围、血压均较治疗前下降(P<0.01),其中空腹血糖(fasting blood glucose,FBP)[(1.0±0.6)vs(0.8±0.5)] mmol/L,餐后2 h血糖(2 hours postprandial blood glucose,2hBG)[(1.3±0.8)vs(1.4±0.9)]mmol/L,糖化血红蛋白(glycated hemoglobin,HbA1c)[(1.0±0.5)vs(0.9±0.6)]%,体重[(1.5±1.4)vs(1.0±1.2)]kg,体重指数(body mass index,BMI)[(0.7±0.6)vs(0.5±0.4)]kg/m2,收缩压[(5.0±3.0)vs(5.0±2.5)]mmHg,舒张压[(3.0±1.0)vs(3.0±1.2)]mmHg,下降幅度无统计学差异(P>0.05)。但Dap组腰围下降少于Lir组(P<0.01)。结论 对利拉鲁肽治疗后超重/肥胖的T2DM患者,换用达格列净,除腰围下降较少外,降糖、减重、降压的效果与继续原药治疗相同。

  相似文献   
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Background:Recently, many clinical experiments have evaluated the influences of liraglutide in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, the outcomes of these studies are inconsistent, and the number of high-quality prospective trials that conducted to assess the cardiovascular safety is limited. Hence, for this research, it was implemented for the assessment of the cardiovascular effectiveness and safety of liraglutide in type 2 diabetes patients.Methods:This research was a 26-week active controlled and randomized trial. Our research protocol follows the guidelines of Good Clinical Practice issued via the Helsinki Declaration and International Conference on Coordination. All the patients will receive the written informed consent in order to involve in our clinical experiment. The participants with type 2 diabetes aged from 18 years to 80 years, patients with 45.0 kg/m2 body-mass index or less, and with glycosylated hemoglobin of 7.5 to 10.0 percent, and received metformin (daily 1500 mg or more) for 3 months or longer were eligible. All the patients were randomized to 1 of 2 interventions (in the ratio of 1:1): liraglutide placebo once daily (blinded) and liraglutide once daily (blinded), respectively, both combined with the glimepiride and metformin (open-labeled). For the efficacy variable, the major endpoint was the baseline glycated hemoglobin change after treating for 26 weeks. The secondary end points involved: the percentage of participants who achieved the goals of postprandial blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin; the changes of mean postprandial blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, and the body weight, pancreatic B-cell function index, and changes in blood pressure and insulin resistance assessed by homeostasis model.Conclusions:For this research, the limitations involve the short trial period and the limitation of glimepiride in some countries, thus excluding the maximum doses of glimepiride.Trial registration:This study protocol was registered in Research Registry (researchregistry6306).  相似文献   
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Obesity-related kidney disease is associated with generalized endothelial dysfunction. Liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist, has cardiovascular–renal protective effects in patients with diabetes. In this study, the ability of liraglutide to reduce urinary albumin excretion by alleviating glomerular vascular endothelial growth factor-nitric oxide (VEGF–NO) axis uncoupling was assessed in high fat diet-induced obese mice. C57BL/6J mice were divided into control and obesity groups, treated with or without liraglutide (200 μg/kg/day). Blood biochemistry and urinary albumin excretion were measured. Glomerular VEGF and the AMPK–endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) pathway were assayed by western blotting. Glomerular NO, renal haeme oxygenase-1 activity, and malondialdehyde levels were also measured. Treatment of obese mice with liraglutide led to significant reductions in body weight gain (46 ± 1 g vs 55 ± 1 g, P < .0001), visceral fat (8.9 ± 0.6 g vs 14.5 ± 0.6 g, P < .0001), perirenal fat (2.9 ± 0.2 g vs 5.4 ± 0.3 g, P < .0001), and free fatty acid (1.71 ± 0.12 mmol/L vs 1.02 ± 0.08 mmol/L, P < .0001). Liraglutide significantly improved glucose homeostasis, which was impaired in obese mice. Liraglutide reduced urinary albumin excretion and glomerular hypertrophy in obese mice. Additionally, liraglutide significantly decreased VEGF and increased glomerular NO production in glomeruli, indicating restoration of the glomerular VEGF–NO axis. Furthermore, liraglutide activated the glomerular AMPK–eNOS pathway in obese mice, upregulated renal haeme oxygenase-1 activity, and reduced the renal malondialdehyde levels in obese mice. In conclusion, liraglutide reduced microalbuminuria and ameliorated renal injury by alleviating the uncoupling of the glomerular VEGF–NO axis.  相似文献   
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