A Legal Approach to Cancer Epidemiology in Public Health

The Public Health Act encompasses scientific research and law enforcement as causes, distributions, and preventive factors for diseases and injuries of a particular population. Today, the Public Health Law is growing into a field that expects to cultivate and utilize lawful practitioners who can apply specialized legal skills in health policy development and public health performance. The multidisciplinary approach of the Public Health Act integrates the legal and scientific elements of the field and the workforce, characterized by a more dynamic understanding of the health impact of legislation and the rapid deployment of effective policies. Thus, legal health interventions that manage and treat diverse populations need to be evaluated more rigorously and quickly. In addition, funding for policy surveillance and other legislation and policy mapping needs to be more sophisticated to maximize utility and avoid duplication. This study investigated legal interventions to manage and treat various groups of populations for health and discussed the necessity of public health laws.     

371名大学生微信朋友圈人格、自我呈现策略与情绪表达的关系

目的 探究大学生微信朋友圈人格、自我呈现策略和情绪表达间的关系。方法 采用社交网络自我呈现策略问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表、伯克利情绪表达问卷,对随机抽取的371名大学生进行调查。结果 ⑴外倾型人格总分与真实自我呈现策略总分呈正相关(r=0.170,P=0.001),与正性情绪表达呈正相关(r=0.166,P=0.001),与情绪表达强度呈正相关(r=0.184,P=0.001),真实自我呈现策略与正性情绪表达呈正相关(r=0.239,P=0.001)。⑵真实自我呈现策略在外倾型人格与正性情绪表达的关系中存在部分中介效应。结论 371名大学生的外倾型人格、真实自我呈现策略与正性情绪表达关系密切,真实自我呈现策略在外倾型人格与正性情绪表达的关系中存在部分中介效应。     

Implicit and explicit self-concept of neuroticism in borderline personality disorder

Purpose: In the past, research on personality in borderline personality disorder (BPD) used primarily questionnaires suggesting heightened neuroticism in BPD. Self-report instruments inform about the conscious or explicit self-concept. BPD patients are known to show negative distortion with exaggeration of negative affect in the self-report. Neuroticism represents a risk factor for mental disorders. Indirect measures are available that tap into the implicit self-concept of neuroticism. The implicit self-concept refers to individual differences in associative representations of the self. The present study examined for the first time the implicit in addition to the explicit self-concept of neuroticism in BPD.

Materials and methods: Female BPD patients (N?=?35) and healthy women (N?=?39) completed an implicit association test and the NEO-FFI personality inventory.

Results: BPD patients showed higher implicit and explicit neuroticism compared to controls. The group difference for explicit neuroticism was four times larger than that for implicit neuroticism. Presence of comorbid depressive disorder was positively correlated with implicit neuroticism. The IAT neuroticism showed excellent split-half reliability for BPD patients.

Conclusions: The present data suggest that BPD patients with comorbid clinical depression but not those without clinical depression differ from healthy individuals in their implicit self-concept of neuroticism. In the associative network, BPD patients with comorbid clinical depression exhibit stronger associations of the self with neuroticism-related characteristics, such as nervousness, fearfulness, and uncertainty than healthy individuals. Regardless of depression, BPD patients show increased explicit neuroticism. Our findings provide evidence that the IAT neuroticism can be applied reliably to BPD patients.     

网络受欺负对儿童抑郁的影响:一个有调节的中介模型

目的:探讨网络受欺负对小学生抑郁的影响及其作用机制。方法:采用网络受欺负问卷、一般自我知觉量表、内隐人格观量表和抑郁量表对453名3-6年级的小学生进行问卷调查。结果:(1)网络受欺负与抑郁显著正相关;(2)在控制性别和年龄后,网络受欺负不仅直接预测儿童抑郁,还通过自尊的中介作用间接预测抑郁;(3)自尊的中介作用受到内隐人格观的调节,相对于人格增长观儿童,倾向于持人格实体观的儿童的自尊对抑郁情绪的预测作用更大。结论:自尊在网络受欺负与儿童抑郁的关系中起部分中介作用,且自尊的中介作用受到内隐人格观的调节。     

2型糖尿病患者饮食决策平衡与大五人格特征的相关性研究

目的探讨2型糖尿病患者饮食决策平衡现状及其与大五人格特征的相关性,以期为临床个体化健康饮食教育提供参考。方法便利抽样法选取重庆市3所三级甲等医院内分泌科住院的192例2型糖尿病患者为研究对象,采用饮食决策平衡量表和大五人格量表简化版(neuroticism extraversion openness five factor inventory,NEO-FFI)对其进行调查。结果2型糖尿病患者知觉利益得分为22.00(20.00,24.00)分,知觉障碍得分为20.50(16.00,23.00)分,饮食决策平衡得分为2.00(-3.00,8.00)分;饮食决策平衡与大五人格中的宜人性和严谨性呈正相关,与神经质呈负相关(均P<0.05)。结论2型糖尿病患者饮食决策平衡水平较低,与其人格特征密切相关。护理人员应有针对性地帮助患者采取有效的应对措施,以促进其饮食决策平衡水平的提高。     

Legal and social aspects of pain medicine

Pain is the most common reason for patients to see a doctor. Socio-economic issues including unemployment and difficulty accessing education are common in such patients. Pain is the third leading cause for absence from work. Patients frequently seek support from their multidisciplinary pain team for welfare support and staying in or returning to employment or education. Pain physicians perform a range of intervention procedures and need to have a clear grasp of the law of consent. They are also called on to give expert evidence in personal injury and medical negligence claims where claimants have been left with chronic pain. This paper explores the legal and social infrastructure, and useful knowledge that should be at the fingertips of all those practising in the field of pain medicine.