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1.
李雯霞  文璋  蒋菲  薛玲 《现代肿瘤医学》2022,(22):4068-4071
目的:研究结直肠癌及其配对的癌旁组织的自然杀伤(nature killer,NK)细胞数量及分布情况。方法:结直肠癌及其配对的癌旁组织各40例,以SP免疫组化法检测NK细胞。结果:结直肠癌及其配对的癌旁组织中均未检测到NK细胞的浸润。结论:结直肠癌及其配对的癌旁组织中缺乏NK细胞浸润可能与肿瘤微环境、生理微环境、未知的NK细胞亚型相关,结直肠癌患者可能不适用NK细胞进行免疫治疗。  相似文献   
2.
目的:对卵巢肿瘤鉴别诊断中彩色多普勒超声检查的应用价值进行探究,以指导临床治疗。方法:随机选取2019年3月~2020年10月就诊于本院的48例卵巢肿瘤患者作为研究对象,均在术前进行彩色多普勒超声检查,以手术病理检查为金标准,统计良、恶性卵巢肿瘤诊断效能(诊断准确性、敏感度、特异性等),在此基础上,比较良、恶性卵巢肿瘤患者血流参数变化、血流分级。结果:共48例患者,以金标准为依据,发现33例良性卵巢肿瘤、15例恶性卵巢肿瘤;经彩色多普勒超声检查的诊断准确性为83.33%、敏感度76.92%、特异性为85.71%;彩色多普勒超声检查诊断良、恶性卵巢肿瘤的血流分级占比差异有统计学意义(Z=19.737,P<0.05)。结论:对卵巢肿瘤患者进行彩色多普勒超声检查,可取得良好的诊断效果,提高诊断准确性、敏感度及特异性,尤其是医生可结合良、恶性质卵巢肿瘤的血流参数变化及血流分级,判断疾病状况,以指导采取相应治疗措施,提高治疗效果,改善患者临床结局及预后转归。所以,对于卵巢肿瘤患者而言,彩色多普勒超声是一项行之有效的检查技术手段。  相似文献   
3.
通过对药性形成过程和现代药性认识方式的思考,本课题组提出"以效识性"观点,以此观点为核心,文章从四气、五味、归经3个方面,以"有其效而无其气""有其效而无其味"及"有其效而不归其经"为纲对2020年版《中华人民共和国药典》一部所载中药中存在"有其效而无其性"现象的中药的药性进行了再认识,并提出了基于"以效识性"观点的中药药性再认识的研究思路。"以效识性"观点为中药药性的再研究奠定基础,为新发现中药的药性认识提出科学方法。  相似文献   
4.
总结《黄帝内经》相关理论,认为干燥综合征患者当从肾论治。肾与精血、津液的生成关系密切。干燥综合征的病机有阳虚阳郁,津液不化,官窍失养;或精亏肾燥,故治可辛以润燥;或辛凉解郁;或滋肾填精,养血回津。   相似文献   
5.
In the nineteenth century, the prevalence of myopia began to rise, and Cohn stressed the role of education. Later, based on twin studies, Sorsby argued that refraction was almost totally genetically determined. This became the dominant view. However, rapid increases in the prevalence of myopia were then reported, especially in East and Southeast Asia, where the prevalence of myopia in children completing secondary school is now 80–90 per cent, with around 20 per cent highly myopic, and at risk of ocular pathology. It is not possible to explain these rapid changes genetically, since gene pools cannot change that fast. Nevertheless, there are at least 200 genetic forms of myopia, but these account for myopia in only a low percentage of the population. Genome‐wide association studies have identified over 150 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with myopia, but they account for < 10 per cent of the variation in refraction. In contrast, twin studies have given consistently high heritability estimates for myopia. The high twin study heritability may be explained by the limited environmental variation within twin pairs, combined with basic assumptions made in twin studies. The SNP‐heritability approach suggests that 25–35 per cent of the variation may be accounted for by hundreds or even thousands of SNPs. The apparent conflicts in the literature can be explained by the aetiological heterogeneity of myopia, and the fact that estimates of heritability are population‐specific. It has been proposed that environmental variation is more relevant to variations between populations; however, the current differences between populations are due to changes within populations, driven by educational pressures, and limited time spent outdoors. Ethnic differences in myopia and the effects of parental myopia now seem more likely to be explained by environmental influences. Genetic studies have not yet defined molecular pathways and preventive interventions, and the predictive power of current genetic data is limited.  相似文献   
6.
Mycobacterium Chimaera is a microorganism that can cause nosocomial infections particularly in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. The specific case presented herein shows an original clinical presentation of the infection: sudden unilateral deafness as a result of septic embolization. Medico-legal experts appointed by the court in a civil liability dispute analyzed the case and submitted their expert opinion. This article analyzes the peculiar and innovative aspect of professional liability that can be attributed to the healthcare facility and the manufacturer of the equipment used in the operating room from a medical-legal point of view.  相似文献   
7.
Aim: To assess whether retail outlets comply with the minimum legal age of 18 for the purchase of alcohol and tobacco and for gambling on slot machines in Finland. Methods: A test-purchase research in 117 retail outlets selling alcohol, tobacco and supplying slot machines in two towns. Five-hundred fifty-seven purchase attempts were made for alcohol (n?=?173), tobacco (n?=?177) and gambling on slot machines (n?=?170) in private outlets and 37 attempts in government alcohol retail monopoly outlets. The differences in denial rates and factors of potential significance for denials were tested using logistic regression. Findings: The denial rate for gambling on slot machines was 4%. The odds that an alcohol or a tobacco purchase was denied were 25- and 20-fold, respectively, compared to gambling. The odds of denial of an alcohol purchase were 12-fold in alcohol monopoly stores compared to private outlets. Conclusion: The low compliance with the age limit for gambling is a challenge in a gambling policy system where slot machines are decentralized in private retail outlets and are widely available. The high denial rate in government alcohol retail monopoly outlets indicates that monopoly outlets are more capable of enforcing legal age limits effectively compared to private outlets.  相似文献   
8.
刘炫  宋华琳 《中国药事》2019,33(11):1212-1216
目的:评析2019年版《药品管理法》中的法律责任制度的创新,明确药品市场主体的主体责任和药品监管者的监管责任,以期减少药品违法事件的发生,保证公众用药安全。方法:对比2001年版《药品管理法》,结合行政法原理,加之比较法的视角,对2019年版《药品管理法》进行解析。结果与结论:2019年版《药品管理法》强化了法律责任的重要性,设定了更为严格的法律责任,通过体系化的制度设计和完善的法律责任机制,提高了违法者的违法成本,有助于遏制和惩戒违法行为。  相似文献   
9.
Alzheimer’s disease is characterized by the extracellular accumulation of the amyloidβin the form of amyloid plaques and the intracellular deposition of the microtubule-associated protein tau in the form of neurofibrillary tangles.Most of the Alzheimer’s drugs targeting amyloidβhave been failed in clinical trials.Particularly,tau pathology connects greatly in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.Tau protein enhances the stabilization of microtubules that leads to the appropriate function of the neuron.Changes in the quantity or the conformation of tau protein could affect its function as a microtubules stabilizer and some of the processes wherein it is involved.The molecular mechanisms leading to the accumulation of tau are principally signified by numerous posttranslational modifications that change its conformation and structural state.Therefore,aberrant phosphorylation,as well as truncation of tau protein,has come into focus as significant mechanisms that make tau protein in a pathological entity.Furthermore,the shape-shifting nature of tau advocates to comprehend the progression of Alzheimer’s disease precisely.In this review,we emphasize the recent studies about the toxic and shape-shifting nature of tau in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease.  相似文献   
10.
Fatigue is highly prevalent in inflammatory arthritis, and people living with the symptom have described it as overwhelming and a challenge to manage. In this article, we explore the experience, impact and non-pharmacological management of fatigue from a multi-disciplinary perspective. We start by presenting qualitative evidence from people living with fatigue, including the physical, cognitive and emotional nature of the symptom and its impact on daily life. This is followed by discussion of current conceptual models of mechanisms and factors that may cause and maintain fatigue, within and between individuals. We then address the issue of fatigue measurement and modes of assessment, which is an integral aspect of management and evaluating support provision. This leads to a review of the research evidence for non-pharmacological interventions to reduce fatigue severity and impact. Finally, we consider implementation of this evidence in clinical practice and we introduce some key practical tools and techniques.  相似文献   
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