单孔胸腔镜下肺癌术后胸腔引流时间的影响因素分析北大核心

目的:探讨单孔胸腔镜下肺癌手术术后胸腔引流时间的影响因素。方法:本研究采用回顾性分析方法,回顾我院2018年01月至2019年12月原发性肺癌患者经单孔胸腔镜手术治疗的病例199例。按照术后胸腔引流时间分为两组,Ⅰ组(术后胸腔引流时间<5天)和Ⅱ组(术后胸腔引流时间≥5天)。对于影响术后胸腔引流时间的可能因素在两组间先采用单因素分析的方法筛选,再将筛选出来的对术后胸腔引流时间可能有意义的影响因素进行二项Logistic多因素回归分析。结果:经单因素分析及二项Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示:年龄≥60岁、手术部位、肺段切除术、胸膜粘连、手术时间≥180 min、术后早期下床活动是术后胸腔引流时间的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:对于具有多个延长术后胸腔引流时间的独立影响因素的患者,应制定个体化管理方案,尽可能减少术后胸腔引流时间,减少住院天数,加快患者康复。     

吸毒人员回归社会后的应对方式与生活质量——自我概念的中介作用

目的 本研究旨在探讨吸毒人员回归社会后的自我概念及应对方式是否会影响其生活质量。方法 在四川省成都市、德阳市、西昌市、宜宾市等地招募201名已回归社会的男性吸毒人员（平均年龄22.65±8.31岁，年龄16~59岁）进行调查。参与者完成田纳西自我概念量表（TSCS）、特质应对方式问卷（TCSQ）和药物成瘾者生命质量测定量表（QOL-DA）。结果 高自我概念组吸毒人员的积极应对得分和生活质量均高于低自我概念组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）；吸毒人员的自我概念在积极应对与生活质量之间的中介效应值为0.224（95%CI:0.063~0.434），中介效应显著，占总效应的26.4%。结论 自我概念介导了回归社会的吸毒人员应对方式与生活质量之间的关系，应在学校和特定社区开展提高自我概念和应对技巧的培训。     

2010－2019年中国40岁及以上成人慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率的Meta分析

目的 分析2010-2019年中国≥40岁成人慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病率。方法 系统检索PubMed、WOS、CBM、CNKI、WanFang Data和VIP数据库，搜集2010年1月-2019年12月发表文献。采用Stata 15.1进行Meta分析。结果 共纳入51项研究，包括23107例COPD患者。中国≥40岁成人COPD患病率为9.4%（95%CI:8.6%~10.4%）。亚组分析显示，男性患病率高于女性；患病率随年龄增长而升高；北方人群患病率低于南方人群；农村患病率高于城市；患病率随文化程度降低而升高；吸烟人群患病率高于不吸烟人群。结论 我国≥40岁成人COPD患病率较高，不同特征群体患病率不同，需要引起更多关注。     

一种新的混合矢量磁滞模型磁滞算子定义方法

提出了一种新的磁滞算子定义方法,从能量角度定性分析了单畴单轴各向异性椭圆形磁性粒子的特性及其磁化方向的判定法则,借助于磁性粒子矢量场等势线分别给出了各向异性和各向同性材料的磁滞算子临界面方程,把磁滞算子定义为等势线包围的封闭区域,给出了磁滞算子的磁化方向判定方法。定义的磁滞算子满足第二热力学定律,具有能够描述磁滞现象的损耗特性和擦除特性,符合描述磁滞特性的Mandelung定则。     

DSSI-23量表用于农村老年人社会支持研究的信度效度分析

目的 分析DSSI-23量表用于农村老年人社会支持研究的信度和效度.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样法,抽取广元市702例60岁及以上、无严重听力障碍及精神问题的农村老年人作为调查对象,采用内部一致性信度、折半信度、内容效度、集合效度、区分效度和结构效度对DSSI-23量表的信度效度进行分析.结果 DSSI-23量表总的内部一致性信度为0.881;折半信度为0.918;各条目得分(除条目3)与总分的相关系数(r)均大于0.35(P＜0.01);集合效度与区分效度定标实验成功率均为100％;对量表的理论模型进行验证性因子分析发现,x2/df=6.884,比较拟合指数(CFI) =0.807,拟合优度指数(GFI)=0.850,估计误差均方根(RMSEA) =0.092.结论 DSSI-23量表用于农村老年入社会支持研究的信度较好,但其结构效度较差,个别条目需进行适当的调整.     

近二十年我国大学生睡眠质量研究结果的元分析

目的 对近20年我国大学生睡眠质量研究结果进行元分析，以客观准确地认识当代大学生的睡眠状况。方法 在中国知网、万方、维普、CNKI学术搜索等数据库检索、收集2000-2019年使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（PSQI）调查我国大学生睡眠质量的研究文献，按照一定标准对文献进行筛选。最终收集189篇文献，775组数据，325 435名被试。运用SPSS 19.0对相关信息进行提取，建立数据库，进行相关统计量的运算。结果 大学生PSQI总分的平均效果量95%置信区间为0.050~0.350；大学生PSQI总分高于常模分（t=4.594，P<0.001），差异具有统计学意义；大学生PSQI总分在性别（t=3.214，P=0.001）和年级（F=21.861，P<0.001）变量上的差异具有统计学意义。结论 我国大学生睡眠质量呈逐渐恶化的趋势，存在性别和年级的差异，需对大学生进行有效的睡眠指导。     

Memory and Dissociative Tendencies

Abstract

Con cep tual and meth od olog i cal ap proaches from cog nitive sci ence have in creas ingly been ap plied to re search ex am in ing the rela tion be tween trauma, dis so ci a tion and ba sic cog ni tive func tion ing. The cur rent study rep li cates and ex tends re cent re search that ex am ined perfor mance in a di rected for get ting task us ing PTSD and trauma his tory as the group ing vari ables (McNally, Metzger, Lasko, Clancy, & Pitman, 1998) to col lege stu dents who were clas si fied as high or low dissociators based on their per for mance on the Dissociative Ex pe ri ences Scale (DES: Bernstein & Putnam, 1986). High and low DES par tic i pants' per formance was ex am ined un der two attentional con texts: a se lec tive at ten tion con di tion and two new di vided at ten tion con di tions (based on DePrince & Freyd, 1999). Dif fer ences be tween the groups were re vealed when a di vided at ten tion ver sion of the task was em ployed. Con sis tent with DePrince and Freyd (1999), when di vided at ten tion was re quired, high DES par tic i pants re called fewer trauma and more neu tral w o r d s than did low DES par tic i pants, who showed the op po site pat tern.     

Salt intake assessed by 24 hour urinary sodium excretion of Moroccan adults: A pilot study

BackgroundHypertension is a serious public health problem in Morocco. The objective of this pilot study was to estimate the daily salt intake of Moroccan adults by measuring 24-hour urinary sodium excretion.MethodsIn this study, 132 participants were recruited from the central region of Morocco. The individual information of the participants was collected using a standard questionnaire of World Health Organization (WHO). Verbal instructions were given to the participants for the 24-hour urine collection. All participants were given 5 liters plastic containers (with 1 g of boric acid for conservation purposes) to collect 24-hour urine excretion. Sodium, potassium and creatinine levels were measured using 24-hour urine samples.ResultsFrom the 132 participants that participated to the study, only 119 participants were included in the analysis. The average of the urine volume was 1128.1 ± 550.9 milliliters, with a range of (500-3300 mL). The daily excretion of sodium and creatinine was 2838.7 ± 1442.5 and 850.4 ± 398.4 mg, respectively. Data analysis revealed that 71.2% of the participants had a daily sodium intake that exceeded the 2000 mg (5 g of salt) recommended by the World Health Organization. The average potassium excretion was 1377.3 ± 642.4 mg/day, which is lower than WHO's recommendation of 3500 mg per day.ConclusionParticipants in this pilot study had a high sodium intake and low potassium intake in Moroccan adults. Public health measures to reduce sodium and increase potassium consumption in order to decrease the population's risk of high blood pressure and heart disease are recommended.     

Heavy‐resistance exercise‐induced increases in jump performance are not explained by changes in neuromuscular function

Post‐activation potentiation (PAP) is the increased involuntary muscle twitch response to stimulation following strong contraction. The enhancement to whole‐body explosive muscular performance (PE) after heavy‐resistance exercise is often attributed to modulations in neuromuscular function that are proposed to reflect PAP, but the evidence to support this is equivocal. We assessed the neuromuscular basis of PE using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the primary motor cortex, and electrical stimulation of the femoral nerve. Eleven male athletes performed heavy‐resistance exercise with measures of countermovement jump (CMJ) pre‐ and 8 min post‐exercise. Pre‐exercise and after the final CMJ, single‐ and paired‐pulse TMS were delivered during submaximal isometric knee‐extensor contractions to measure corticospinal excitability, short‐interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF), with motor evoked potentials recorded from rectus femoris. Twitch responses to motor nerve stimulation during and post maximum‐knee‐extensor contractions were studied to quantify voluntary activation (VA) and potentiated twitch (Q_tw,pot). The experimental protocol successfully induced PE (+4 ± 1% change in CMJ, P = 0.01), but no changes were observed for maximum voluntary force, VA, corticospinal excitability, SICI or ICF (all P > 0.05), and Q_tw,pot declined (P < 0.001). An enhancement of muscular performance after heavy‐resistance exercise was not accompanied by PAP, or changes in measures of neuromuscular function.