A Mock Telephone Triage Experience for Nurse Practitioner Students

The ability to manage patient telephone calls competently and confidently is an important skill for nurse practitioners (NPs). A curriculum intervention was implemented in a pediatric NP program to promote this skill. Thirty-nine NP students participated in a mock telephone triage experience to determine whether triage, involving student/faculty mock parent telephone calls, would increase the student’s confidence and competence. A Likert scale pre/post questionnaire surveying perceived confidence, competence, and readiness to practice revealed an increase in students’ confidence in decision making, assessing the patient, and making a diagnosis over the phone.     

689名医学生视疲劳发生现状及其影响因素分析

目的 了解锦州医科大学在读医学专业大学生视疲劳发生现状,并探讨其可能的影响因素。方法 采用随机抽样的方法,利用纸质问卷于2021年5月对该校医学生进行视觉疲劳情况调查,采用χ2检验进行单因素分析,多因素分析采用logistic回归进行。 本次调查医学生689人,其中男生230人(33.38%),女生459人(66.62%)。医学生视疲劳量表得分M(P25～P75)为18(12～24)分,视疲劳总体发生率为61.54%,女生(66.49%)高于男生(55.65%),差异有统计学意义(χ2=5.054,P<0.05)。logistic回归分析显示,屈光不正(OR=1.875,95%CI:1.228～2.863)、工作学习时用眼姿势、眼与电脑距离、桌前使用手机姿势及时间均是视疲劳的影响因素(P<0.05)。 视疲劳在医学生群体中普遍存在,及时矫正屈光不正,保持良好用眼习惯将可能起到预防和改善视疲劳的作用。     

南京某国际高中学生艾滋病知识知晓率及影响因素分析

目的 分析南京市某国际高中学生艾滋病知识知晓率及其影响因素,为制定高中生艾滋病健康教育策略提供依据。方法 对南京市某国际高中所有学生开展纸质问卷调查,统计分析艾滋病知识知晓率及其影响因素。 共纳入171名高中生为调查对象,艾滋病和梅毒的知识知晓率分别为56.1%和46.8%;有过性行为的占14.6%,其艾滋病知识知晓率最高为32.0%,(χ2=10.799,P=0.005);有吸毒史的学生占9.3%,其艾滋病知识知晓率最高为31.2%,(χ2=21.062,P<0.001);梅毒知识知晓者与不知晓者的艾滋病知识知晓率差异具有统计学意义(χ2=21.716,P<0.001)。 该国际高中学生性病和艾滋病知识知晓率较低,对高中生开展毒品危害教育和性病艾滋病防治应作为健康教育工作重点。     

371名大学生微信朋友圈人格、自我呈现策略与情绪表达的关系

目的 探究大学生微信朋友圈人格、自我呈现策略和情绪表达间的关系。方法 采用社交网络自我呈现策略问卷、艾森克人格问卷简式量表、伯克利情绪表达问卷,对随机抽取的371名大学生进行调查。结果 ⑴外倾型人格总分与真实自我呈现策略总分呈正相关(r=0.170,P=0.001),与正性情绪表达呈正相关(r=0.166,P=0.001),与情绪表达强度呈正相关(r=0.184,P=0.001),真实自我呈现策略与正性情绪表达呈正相关(r=0.239,P=0.001)。⑵真实自我呈现策略在外倾型人格与正性情绪表达的关系中存在部分中介效应。结论 371名大学生的外倾型人格、真实自我呈现策略与正性情绪表达关系密切,真实自我呈现策略在外倾型人格与正性情绪表达的关系中存在部分中介效应。     

某高校大学生艾滋病主动检测意愿与影响因素

目的 了解青年学生艾滋病主动检测意愿的现状,提出促进青年学生主动检测意愿的建议,为进一步提高青年学生艾滋病检测意愿的策略和措施提供科学依据。方法 采用自编促进大学生HIV主动检测意愿调查问卷,用整群抽样方法抽取成都某高校778名在校大学进行问卷调查。结果 在被调查的778名大学生中,91.6%的学生有艾滋主动检测意愿,在不同年级(χ2=11.416,P=0.010)、认为自己感染艾滋病风险情况(χ2=18.615,P＜0.001)等因素上差异均有统计学意义。多因素 logistic 回归分析显示年级为大二或大三、认为自己艾滋病感染风险为非常低或比较低或一般(P均＜0.05)的青年学生更愿意进行艾滋病主动检测。结论 该高校大学生艾滋病主动检测意愿较高。应该结合该高校学生的特性,开展有针对性的艾滋病宣传教育活动,以此提高大学生HIV主动检测率。     

Minimally Invasive Treatments for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis

PurposeTo review and to compare indirectly the outcomes of minimally invasive therapies for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia.Materials and MethodsA literature search via Medline and Cochrane Central databases was completed for randomized control studies published between January 2000 to April 2020 for the following therapies: Rezum, Urolift, Aquablation, and prostatic artery embolization (PAE). Data on the following variables were included: International prostate symptom score (IPSS), maximum urinary flow rate, quality of life, and postvoid residual (PVR). Standard mean differences between treatments were compared through a meta-analysis using transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) to assess differences in treatment effect.ResultsThere was no significant difference in outcomes between therapies for IPSS at the 3, 6, and 12-month follow ups. Although outcomes for Rezum were only available out to 3 months, there were no consistently significant differences in outcomes when comparing Aquablation versus PAE versus Rezum. TURP PVR was significantly better than Urolift at 3, 6, and 12 months. No significant differences in minor or major adverse events were noted.ConclusionAlthough significant differences in outcomes were limited, Aquablation and PAE were the most durable at 12 months. PAE has been well studied on multiple randomized control trials with minimal adverse events while Aquablation has limited high quality data and has been associated with bleeding-related complications.     

"管氏培元九宫"针法治疗功能性阳痿疗效观察

目的观察"管氏培元九宫"针法治疗功能性阳痿的临床疗效。方法将60例功能性阳痿患者按随机数字表法随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组30例。治疗组采用"管氏培元九宫"穴,按"洛书九宫数"施行针刺治疗;对照组口服复方玄驹胶囊。观察两组治疗前后国际勃起功能指数-5(IIEF-5)评分,并比较临床疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为80.0%,对照组为70.0%,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组治疗后IIEF-5评分高于治疗前和对照组(P<0.05)。结论"管氏培元九宫"针法对功能性阳痿具有较好临床疗效。     

案例分析与情景模拟在急诊护理教学的效果

目的探讨分案例分析法结合情景模拟法在急诊护理学生教学中的应用价值。方法以2016年10月-2017年10月本院纳入的46例急诊科实习护士为例展开研究,以教学方式的不同将46例急诊科实习护士分成观察组(n=23,接受案例分析法结合情景模拟法教学)和对照组(n=23,接受传统法教学),教学结束后对比分析两组急诊科实习护士的学习情况以及评判性思维能力。结果教学结束后,经考核发现,观察组实操成绩以及理论成绩均高于对照组(P <0.05);观察组寻求真相、求知欲、系统化能力以及分析能力等评判性思维能力均高于对照组(P <0.05)。结论在急诊护理学生教学中应用案例分析法结合情景模拟法进行教学,有利于急诊科实习护士掌握理论知识以及实操知识,同时还可以提高其评判性思维能力,可实现有效教学。     

Lung cancer incidence in young women vs. young men: A systematic analysis in 40 countries

Previous studies have reported converging lung cancer rates between sexes. We examine lung cancer incidence rates in young women vs. young men in 40 countries across five continents. Lung and bronchial cancer cases by 5-year age group (ages 30–64) and 5-year calendar period (1993–2012) were extracted from Cancer Incidence in Five Continents. Female-to-male incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated by age group and birth cohort. Among men, age-specific lung cancer incidence rates generally decreased in all countries, while in women the rates varied across countries with the trends in most countries stable or declining, albeit at a slower pace compared to those in men. As a result, the female-to-male IRRs increased among recent birth cohorts, with IRRs significantly greater than unity in Canada, Denmark, Germany, New Zealand, the Netherlands and the United States. For example, the IRRs in ages 45–49 year in the Netherlands increased from 0.7 (95% CI: 0.6–0.8) to 1.5 (95% CI: 1.4–1.7) in those born circa 1948 and 1963, respectively. Similar patterns, though nonsignificant, were found in 23 additional countries. These crossovers were largely driven by increasing adenocarcinoma incidence rates in women. For those countries with historical smoking data, smoking prevalence in women approached, but rarely exceeded, those of men. In conclusion, the emerging higher lung cancer incidence rates in young women compared to young men is widespread and not fully explained by sex differences in smoking patterns. Future studies are needed to identify reasons for the elevated incidence of lung cancer among young women.