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1.
目的 探讨糖化血红蛋白(Glycosylated hemoglobin,HbA1c)、空腹胰岛素(Fasting insulin,INS)及服糖后2小时胰岛素(Insulin 2 hours after oral glucose tolerance test,INS-2H)与高血压发病的风险。方法 本研究采用全人群多阶段整群随机抽样方法,抽取了贵州省12个区(县)的48个乡镇共9 280人进行调查,排除基线HbA1c、INS及INS-2H缺失及有高血压病史者,最终纳入1 684例进入分析。中位随访6.23年。采用Cox生存回归分析HbA1c、INS及INS-2H与高血压发病的相关性。PAF及Survival计算人群归因危险百分比。结果 HbA1c和INS-2H每升高一个单位,高血压发病风险分别增加31.5%和1.1%。HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.87倍。相比第一分位组,INS-2H第四分位组发病风险增加73.6%。HbA1c水平控制在6.3 mmol/L及以下可降低人群8.6%的发病。INS-2H水平分别控制在8.81 mIU/L、15.60 mIU/L、24.30 mIU/L以下,可降低人群22.6%、11.9%和6.8%的发病。年龄>42岁组的人群中,HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.84倍; INS-2H第二、三、四分位组发病风险分别是第一分位组的2.001倍、2.145倍和2.145倍。男性人群中,HbA1c高水平组发病风险是低水平组的2.760倍; INS-2H第三、四分位组发病风险是第一分位组的1.828倍和2.116倍。结论 HbA1c及INS-2H是高血压发病的危险因素,在年龄>42岁和男性人群更为敏感。控制HbA1c及INS-2H能有效降低人群高血压发病。  相似文献   
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《Dental materials》2022,38(2):397-408
ObjectivesComposite restorations with calcium fluoride nanoparticles (nCaF2) can remineralize tooth structure through F and Ca ion release. However, the persistence of ion release is limited. The objectives for this study were to achieve long-term remineralization by developing a rechargeable nCaF2 nanocomposite and investigating the F and Ca recharge and re-release capabilities.MethodsThree nCaF2 nanocomposites were formulated: (1) BT-nCaF2:Bisphenol A glycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA) and triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA); (2) PE-nCaF2:Pyromellitic glycerol dimethacrylate (PMGDM) and ethoxylated bisphenol A dimethacrylate (EBPADMA); (3) BTM-nCaF2:BisGMA, TEGDMA, and Bis[2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] phosphate (Bis-MEP). All formulations contained 15% nCaF2 and 55% glass particles. Initial flexural strength and elastic modulus, F and Ca ion release, recharge and re-release were tested and compared to three commercial fluoride-containing materials.ResultsBT and BTM nCaF2 composites were 3–4 times stronger and had elastic modulus 2 times that of resin-modified glass ionomer controls. PE-nCaF2 had comparable strength to RMGIs. All nCaF2 composites had significant F and Ca ion release and ion rechargeability. In F and Ca recharging cycles, PE-nCaF2 had the highest ion recharging capability among nCaF2 groups, followed by BT-nCaF2 and BTM-nCaF2 (p < 0.05). For all recharge cycles, ion release maintained similar levels, demonstrating long-term ion release was possible. Furthermore, after the final recharge cycle, nCaF2 nanocomposites provided continuous ion release for 42 days without further recharge.SignificanceNovel nCaF2 rechargeable nanocomposites exhibited significant F and Ca ion release over multiple recharge cycles, demonstrating continuous long-term ion release. These nanocomposites are promising restorations with lasting remineralization potential.  相似文献   
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目的:探讨双氢睾酮(DHT)对棕榈酸(PA)诱导的C2C12小鼠骨骼肌细胞胰岛素抵抗的影响及其分子机制。方法:分别用牛清蛋白(BSA)、PA或PA+DHT孵育C2C12细胞24 h,Western印迹检测胰岛素信号通路蛋白激酶B(Akt)、Akt底物AS160以及炎症相关蛋白核因子κB抑制蛋白(IκB)激酶(IKK)、核因子κB(NF-кB)的磷酸化水平、促炎细胞因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)蛋白水平,qPCR检测IL-6和TNF-α mRNA水平。结果:Western印迹结果显示,PA降低胰岛素刺激的Akt、AS160磷酸化水平(均P<0.05);DHT逆转PA对胰岛素刺激的Akt和AS160磷酸化的抑制作用(F=59.29、7.829;均P<0.05)。PA升高IKK和NF-κB磷酸化水平(均P<0.05)及IL-6和TNF-α蛋白表达(均P<0.01);DHT降低PA升高的IKK、NF-κB磷酸化水平(F=13.94、10.65,均P<0.05)和IL-6和TNF-α蛋白表达(F=10.82、15.14,均P<0.05)。qPCR结果显示,PA可升高IL-6、TNF-α mRNA水平(均P<0.01);DHT降低IL-6和TNF-α mRNA的表达(F=13.71、12.77;均P<0.05)。结论:DHT可能通过抑制PA诱导的C2C12骨骼肌细胞炎症信号,改善PA诱导的胰岛素抵抗。  相似文献   
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《Dental materials》2022,38(2):421-430
ObjectivesTo determine the long-term effect on the stability of dentin-resin interfaces after the addition of polylactide (PLA) capsules containing proanthocyanidin (PAC) to adhesive resin.MethodsSub-micron (SM) and micron (M) size capsules containing PACs were produced using a combination of emulsification and solvent evaporation techniques and characterized. Human dentin surfaces (n = 8) were etched (35% glycolic acid) and primed (15% enriched Vitis vinifera extract solution - VVe), followed by the application of an experimental adhesive containing 0 (control), 1.5 wt% of SM or M PAC-filled PLA capsules light cured for 40 s. A crown was built using commercial composite. After 24 h-immersion (37 °C) in simulated body fluid, specimens were serially sectioned into resin-dentin beams. Microtensile bond strength (TBS), micro-permeability and fracture pattern were assessed immediately and after 1 and 2 years. Data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and post-hoc test (α = 0.05).ResultsPolydisperse capsules were manufactured with average diameter of 0.36 µm and 1.08 µm for SM and M, respectively. The addition of capsules did not affect TBS (p = 0.889). After 2 years, TBS significantly decreased in SM (p = 0.006), whereas M showed similar initial values (p = 0.291). Overall, less micro-permeability was found in M than the control and SM group (p < 0.001). After 2 years, fractured surfaces from capsule-containing groups failed within the adhesive layer while control fractured at the bottom of the hybrid layer.SignificanceThe addition of PAC-filled PLA microcapsules in a dental adhesive did not affect the bond strength while increased and sustained the protection against micro-permeability in the interface, likely due to release of PACs.  相似文献   
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耿翔  王之枫  王晨  张超  王旭  马昕 《中国骨伤》2022,35(9):830-835
目的:探讨微创Chevron合并外侧软组织松解治疗轻中度拇外翻畸形的短期疗效。方法:自2019年1月至2021年12月,采用微创Chevron截骨加外侧软组织松解术式治疗67例(80足)轻中度拇外翻患者,男5例(6足),女62例(74足);年龄20~60(47.2±9.7)岁;轻度(拇外翻角 ≤ 20°)54例(64足),中度(20°<拇外翻角 ≤ 40°)13例(16足)。比较术前与末次随访时拇外翻角(hallux valugs angle,HVA),Ⅰ-Ⅱ跖骨间角(Ⅰ-Ⅱ intermetatarsal anlge,Ⅰ-Ⅱ IMA),远端跖骨关节角(distal metatarsal articular angle,DMAA),籽骨Hardy评分变化,并采用北美足踝外科协会拇趾-跖趾关节(American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society''s Hallux Metatarsophalanged-Interphalangeal,AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP)评分进行疗效评价。结果:67例患者获得随访,时间6~23(13.7±6.5)个月。术前HVA、Ⅰ-Ⅱ IMA、DMAA、籽骨Hardy评分、AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP评分分别为(27.5±7.0)°,(17.4±4.1)°,(11.4±3.8)°,(4.9±2.6)分,(58.2±9.1)分;末次随访时时分别为(8.3±4.8)°,(6.9±3.0)°,(3.9±2.4)°,(2.7±1.1)分,(91.3±2.2)分;术前与末次随访比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。轻度患足(64足)和中度患足(16足)术前各项影像学指标和AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP评分比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);末次随访时,上述指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);从各指标改善程度来看,中度拇外翻患足HVA、Ⅰ-ⅡIMA、籽骨Hardy评分、AOFAS Hallux MTP-IP评分优于轻度拇外翻患足(P<0.05)。术后4例出现截骨部位切口周围红肿,经局部换药及口服抗生素均治愈。结论:微创Chevron截骨联合外侧软组织松解术对于轻中度拇外翻有良好的矫形效果及功能改善。  相似文献   
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BackgroundVitamin D is essential in the host defense against tuberculosis (TB). Suboptimal vitamin D status is common in the hemodialysis population. Hemodialysis patients have an increased risk compared to the general population latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). However, the association between vitamin D deficiency and LTBI in this population remains unclear.Materials and methodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study between March and May 2017. Interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) through QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube was used to assess LTBI. Plasma 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD) levels were measured by Elecsys Vitamin D Total assay. Suboptimal vitamin D levels included vitamin D insufficiency 20–29 ng/mg and vitamin D deficiency <20 ng/mL. Predictors for LTBI were analyzed.ResultsA total of 287 participants were enrolled. The suboptimal vitamin D level was 31.4% (90/287), which including the vitamin D deficiency was 13.9% (40/287). A total of 49.1% (141/287) people received nutritional vitamin D supplementation. The prevalence of IGRA positivity in this study was 25.1% (72/287). There was no significant difference in vitamin D concentrations or the proportion of vitamin D supplementation among the IGRA-positive and IGRA-negative groups (p = 0.789 and 0.496, respectively). In multivariate analysis, age >65 years old (odds ratio (OR), 1.89; 95% CI, 1.08–3.31; p = 0.026) and TB history (OR, 3.51; 95% CI, 1.38–8.91; p = 0.008) were independent predictors of IGRA positivity.ConclusionThis is the first study to report that vitamin D deficiency was not associated with IGRA positivity in a hemodialysis population. Aging and TB history were both independent predictors for LTBI.  相似文献   
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