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1.
《Allergology international》2022,71(3):318-324
BackgroundGastroesophageal reflux may be associated with the worsening of asthma by increasing cough reflex sensitivity. Hull Airway Reflux Questionnaire (HARQ) consists of 14 prevalent reflux-related symptoms. It may be useful in predicting the presence of cough reflex hypersensitivity in asthma.MethodsFrom August 2018 to July 2020, 266 asthmatic patients completed the HARQ. They underwent blood analysis, spirometry, fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement, and the capsaicin cough challenge test. Patients were considered to have reflux-related symptoms if their HARQ scores were 13 points or higher. We evaluated the association between reflux-related symptoms and clinical asthma outcomes. Finally, we performed a multivariate analysis to determine the clinical significance of the HARQ for asthma. This study was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network (UMIN000040732).ResultsThe mean HARQ scores were 13.1 (standard deviation 12.0). Patients in the high HARQ scores group (HARQ ≥13, n = 105) showed a lower prevalence of atopic predisposition, lower levels of FeNO, heightened capsaicin cough reflex sensitivity, poorer asthma control, and more frequent admissions due to asthma than those in the low HARQ groups (all p values < 0.05). The HARQ was useful in selecting patients with poor controlled asthma and those with severe cough when the cut-off value was set at 13. Multivariate analysis revealed that heightened capsaicin cough reflex sensitivity affected reflux-related symptoms, as well as lower levels of FeNO and younger age.ConclusionsHigher HARQ scores (≥13) may be useful in predicting not only poor asthma condition but also the presence of airway neuronal dysfunction in patients with asthma to some extent. 相似文献
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Robert B. Schonberger MD MHS Amit Bardia MD Feng Dai PhD George Michel MS MBA David Yanez PhD Jeptha P. Curtis MD Michelle T. Vaughn MPH Matthew M. Burg PhD Michael Mathis MD Sachin Kheterpal MD MBA Shamsuddin Akhtar MD PhD Nirav Shah MD 《Journal of the American Geriatrics Society》2021,69(8):2195-2209
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目的观察盐酸达克罗宁胶浆用于支气管镜检查术前局部麻醉患者的临床疗效及安全性。方法将100例肺部病变患者随机分为对照组50例和试验组50例。对照组给予盐酸利多卡因注射液0.1 g/5 m L雾化吸入,试验组给予盐酸达克罗宁胶浆0.1 g/10 m L口含。比较2组患者的麻醉效果、盐酸利多卡因注射液总用量、患者满意率,以及药物不良反应的发生情况。结果所有患者均完成试验,没有病例脱落。试验组和对照组的麻醉效果优良率分别为88.00%(44例/50例)和64.00%(32例/50例),检查过程中盐酸利多卡因注射液总用量分别为(220.40±54.88)和(254.00±61.05) mg,总满意率分别为94.00%(47例/50例)和76.00%(38例/50例),差异均有统计学意义(均P <0.05)。试验组发生的药物不良反应有咽喉不适和低氧血症,对照组发生的药物不良反应有咽喉不适、低氧血症和气道痉挛。试验组和对照组的总药物不良反应发生率分别为6.00%和22.00%,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论盐酸达克罗宁胶浆用于支气管镜检查术前局部麻醉效果好,药物不良反应少,患者易于接受。 相似文献
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目的:建立后疫情时代医疗机构麻醉药品处方无纸化流程,为全国医疗机构积极应对重大传染病疫情等突发公共卫生事件,有效建立防控策略提供参考,为麻醉药品的全流程信息化、规范化管理提供方向。方法:建立麻醉药品处方打印模块嵌入门诊、住院医生工作站,开放麻醉药品处方自动生成和药房使用的麻醉药品管理程序,增加麻醉药品处方可视化存储模块,保证处方完整保存3年甚至更长时间备查。结果:麻醉药品处方全流程无纸化方案开展后,规范了电子处方格式,优化了工作流程,明显减少了医疗差错发生率,大大降低了传染病疫情期间潜在的交叉感染风险。结论:开展麻醉药品处方无纸化流程对疫情防控、患者救治和医务人员自我保护等具有重要作用,有利于促进麻醉药品的规范化管理和后疫情时代医院的信息化建设。 相似文献
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肺移植是终末期肺疾病患者唯一的治疗手段,该领域也是目前国际范围内的研究热点。相关研究既促进了肺移植的进步与发展,也改善了移植后患者的生活质量。随着肺移植技术的发展,适应人群相关指南不断修订,供体肺来源也一直是所有移植中心亟待解决的问题。移植期的规范化管理涉及麻醉诱导、术中液体管理、气道管理、重要步骤的处理及术后疼痛管理等方面。体外生命支持(ECLS)包括体外循环(CPB)及体外膜肺氧合(ECMO)。随着ECLS技术的发展,ECMO作为肺移植桥梁在术中及术后循环支持中的优更加突出,帮助受体患者顺利度过肺移植窗口期。虽然肺移植在基础科学和临床研究方面都有许多进展,但要提高移植后的生存率,还须克服包括如何成功完成肺移植、扩大肺供体库、诱导耐受、预防移植后并发症、原发性移植物功能障碍(PGD)、细胞和抗体介导的排斥反应以及感染等在内的诸多问题。 相似文献
9.
Prevalence,disease burden,and treatment reality of patients with severe,uncontrolled asthma in Japan
《Allergology international》2020,69(1):53-60
BackgroundThe severe asthma and severe, uncontrolled asthma (SUA) populations in Japan are not well-studied. We investigated the prevalence of continuously treated severe asthma and SUA patients, their disease burden, and the treatment reality via a Japanese health insurance claims database.MethodsContinuously treated asthma patients (patients prescribed inhaled corticosteroids for asthma ≥4 times in the past year) aged ≥17 years at the index date (latest visit between April 2014 and March 2015 for asthma treatment) were included in this analysis (KEIFU study, UMIN000027695). Asthma severity and control status at the index date were defined using modified criteria of ERS/ATS guidelines. Asthma hospitalization, oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, and total medical expenses were calculated using data up to 12 months post–index date.ResultsWe identified 10,579 patients as continuously treated asthma patients. Of these, 823 (7.8%) had severe asthma; 267 (2.5%) and 556 (5.3%) patients had SUA and severe, controlled asthma (SCA), respectively. Compared with SCA and mild to moderate asthma patients, a greater percentage of SUA patients required hospitalization (13.7%, 6.2%, and 3.0%, respectively) and were prescribed OCSs (67.4%, 45.9%, and 16.2%, respectively). Yearly total medical expenses were also greater for SUA patients (mean [standard deviation]: 8346 [12,280], vs 5989 [10,483] and 3422 [8800] USD, respectively).ConclusionsThe percentages of severe asthma and SUA patients continuously treated in Japan were obtained through this large-scale analysis using a health insurance claims database. SUA patients had greater medical and economic burdens, suggesting more appropriate treatment is required according to the treatment guidelines. 相似文献
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在人工全膝关节置换术中推广应用加速康复外科理念是近年探讨的热点,最终目的是改善患者预后并降低医疗成本。本文从围术期麻醉管理的角度重点综述国内外目前加速康复外科理念在人工全膝关节置换术管理中的临床应用进展,通过总结与麻醉相关的最佳循证医学证据,以期帮助改善现有临床认知、实践和决策。 相似文献