Impact of Planned Delivery on the Perinatal Outcome of Term Fetuses with Isolated Heart Defects

ObjectivePregnancies complicated by fetal heart defects often undergo a planned delivery prior to term by either induction of labour or cesarean delivery to ensure optimal availability of neonatal care. We aimed to assess whether such planned deliveries achieve their goal of better perinatal care.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective case-control study of pregnancies complicated by isolated fetal cardiac defects, without other fetal comorbidities, managed at a single fetal medicine unit over a 10-year period. Only pregnancies delivered past 37 weeks gestation were included. Patients undergoing elective delivery for care planning reasons only were compared with patients in whom planned delivery was clinically indicated and patients who laboured spontaneously. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were recorded.ResultsOf the 180 pregnancies included in the study, 59 (32.8%) were in the elective group, 49 (27.2%), in the indicated group, and 72 (40%), in the spontaneous group. Mean gestational age at delivery was 39.0 ± 1.1 weeks overall and did not differ between the groups. For the elective group, only 35.6% of deliveries occurred during office hours, which was similar to the 2 other groups. The rate of adverse obstetric or postnatal outcomes was not statistically significantly different between groups.ConclusionTimed delivery at term does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of poor perinatal outcomes. It may improve perinatal care by providing proximity to a neonatal intensive care unit and convenience for patients and providers.     

基于“肝阳虚”理论探讨化疗所致周围神经病变的病机与治疗＊

化疗所致周围神经病变（Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy，CIPN）是临床常见的由化疗药物引起的一系列神经毒性症状，易造成神经功能障碍，四肢感觉弱化、缺失等，严重影响肿瘤患者生活质量及临床疗效。CIPN的发病机制尚不十分明确，目前也没有可广泛用于临床的特效药物治疗。中医药治疗CIPN具有特定的优势，取得了一定成绩，但在理论依据和临床疗效方面仍有一定的局限性。本文通过分析CIPN的临床症状特点，深入剖析其与中医肝阳虚理论之间的关系，探讨CIPN的中医病因病机与用药规律，指导临床治疗CIPN，以期更好地发挥中医药在肿瘤治疗中的减毒增效作用。     

约束隐结构研究冠心病痰湿证的定量化辨证规则＊

目前在中医界已发布的冠心病痰湿证辨证标准是以主症、次症形式定性地给出，存在主观性较强的问题。本文引入约束隐结构分析，该方法将主症、次症的语义作为约束条件加入隐结构分析过程，得到含有主症、次症语义约束的定量化中医证候辨证规则。使用该方法对冠心病痰湿证患者556条无标签数据的分析，得到其约束隐结构模型，最后建立定量化痰湿证辨证规则，舌胖边有齿痕（3.16）、苔腻（3.12）、苔白滑（4.72）、胸闷（1.73）、脉濡或滑（6.04）；次症：肢体困重（0.48）、口黏（0.63）、体胖（0.49）、大便粘滞（1.38）、脘腹痞满（0.97）、面色晦浊（0.79）、嗜睡（1.18）、纳差（1.07）。与经典隐结构模型得到规则和中医界已发布的定性化辨证规则相比，约束隐结构得到的规则客观性强，具有可重复性。在证候类大小、规则的量化合理度上较好地反映了主症、次症的特点，得到的规则切合中医实际，为冠心病痰湿证辨证标准的定量化研究提供帮助和参考。     

Comparative Outcome Analysis of N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate Embolization of the False Lumen Versus Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair in Aortic Dissection

PurposeTo evaluate the feasibility, safety, and effectiveness of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) embolization for the treatment of aortic dissection.Materials and MethodsIn this single-center retrospective study conducted from February 2003 to June 2019, NBCA embolization of an aortic false lumen was attempted in 12 patients (median age, 59 y; range, 41–68 y) and thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) was performed in 53 patients (median age, 59 y; range, 37–70 y) for aortic dissection with one or more indications of persisting pain, malperfusion, rupture or impending rupture, maximal aortic diameter ≥ 55 mm, and/or rapid aortic enlargement. The main exclusion criterion for embolization was the presence of fast blood flow in the aortic false lumen on aortography. The efficacy of NBCA embolization and TEVAR was compared by evaluating technical and clinical outcomes, repeat intervention–free survival (RFS), and overall survival (OS).ResultsTechnical success was achieved in 11 of the 12 patients treated with NBCA embolization (91.7%), and clinical success was achieved in 9 of these 11 (81.8%). No significant difference was found between embolization and TEVAR in clinical success rates (embolization, 81.8%; TEVAR, 84.9%; P = .409) or procedure-related complications (embolization, 1 patient [8.3%]; TEVAR, 4 patients [7.5%]; P = .701). In addition, embolization showed comparable 5-y RFS (embolization, 82.5% ± 9.3; TEVAR, 85.5% ± 4.8; P = .641) and 5-y OS (embolization, 100%; TEVAR, 95.4% ± 3.2; P = .744) rates to TEVAR.ConclusionsNBCA embolization of the false lumen in aortic dissection seems to be a safe and effective treatment modality for the closure of false lumen in selected patients.     

中医药调控益生菌防治肺炎的研究进展＊

肺炎是呼吸系统疾病中的常见疾病，发病率高，可伴有多种并发症，严重时可危及生命健康。肺炎患者多伴有肠道菌群失调，表现为有益菌减少，且益生菌可通过“肠-肺轴”影响肺部免疫参与肺炎的发生发展。中医以“肺”与“大肠”两者之间的生理及病理关系为基础，通过整体观念和辨证论治发挥了治疗肺炎的独特的优势。近年来，许多研究表明中医药在治疗肺炎的过程中具有改善肠道微生态作用，但肺炎的中医辨证分型与肠道菌群的相关性尚不明确。本文从中医辨证分型论治肺炎的角度出发，总结不同辨证分型的肺炎与肠道菌群结构特征，阐述中医治疗肺炎过程中对于益生菌的调节作用和“证型—中药—益生菌”的对应关系。通过讨论益生菌在防治肺炎中的关键作用，展望中医辩证联合益生菌治疗肺炎的应用前景，以期为肺炎的防治提供新思路和新靶点，也为将来指导不同肺炎证型患者选择适合的中药及益生菌提供理论依据。     

Acquired semi-squamatization during chemotherapy suggests differentiation as a therapeutic strategy for bladder cancer

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