淫羊藿苷干预大鼠椎间盘源性腰痛的实验研究

目的:探讨淫羊藿苷(icariin,ICA)干预大鼠椎间盘源性腰痛的效果及可能的作用机制。方法:将45只8周龄SPF级雄性SD大鼠随机分为5组,假手术组、生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组、ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组各10只,塞来昔布组5只。生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组、ICA 100 mg·kg^-1及塞来昔布组大鼠通过L_4~5和L_5~6椎间盘穿刺建立大鼠腰痛模型;假手术组仅显露椎间盘,不进行穿刺。自造模后第7天开始进行药物干预,至造模后第21天结束。ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组以ICA溶液进行灌胃(ICA溶于去离子水中),每天剂量分别为50 mg·kg^-1和100 mg·kg^-1;塞来昔布组以塞来昔布胶囊进行灌胃(塞来昔布胶囊粉剂溶于去离子水中),每天100 mg·kg^-1;生理盐水组以生理盐水灌胃,每天100 mg·kg^-1;假手术组常规饲养,不进行干预。从各组随机选取5只大鼠,分别于造模前、造模后第7天、第14天、第21天、第28天、第35天进行足底机械性疼痛阈值检测。造模后第35天,足底疼痛阈值测定结束后处死假手术组、生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组的5只大鼠,以qRT-PCR法测定椎间盘组织中P物质(substance P,SP)mRNA和降钙素基因相关肽(calcitonin gene related peptide,CGRP)mRNA的含量。造模后第21天时,处死假手术组、生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组其余的5只大鼠,以ELISA法测定大鼠椎间盘组织中细胞因子诱导的中性粒细胞趋化剂-1(cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1,CINC-1)含量。结果:①足底机械性疼痛阈值。时间因素和分组因素存在交互效应(F=17.971,P=0.001)。5组大鼠的足底机械性疼痛阈值总体比较,差异有统计学意义,即存在分组效应(F=146.660,P=0.000)。造模前后不同时点间足底机械性疼痛阈值的差异有统计学意义,即存在时间效应(F=118.057,P=0.000)。假手术组足底机械性疼痛阈值随时间未见明显变化,一直处于较高水平[(14.60±0.89)g,(14.79±0.47)g,(15.00±0.00)g,(15.00±0.00)g,(15.00±0.00)g,(15.00±0.00)g,F=0.836,P=0.537]。生理盐水组足底机械性疼痛阈值造模后明显降低,后期一直维持在较低水平[(14.67±0.74)g,(3.44±2.22)g,(3.19±1.37)g,(2.84±0.96)g,(3.92±1.36)g,(3.02±0.98)g,F=58.882,P=0.000]。ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组、ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组造模前后的足底机械性疼痛阈值变化趋势基本一致,造模后均先降低,药物干预开始后逐渐回升,药物干预结束后又逐渐降低[(15.00±0.00)g,(2.78±0.81)g,(4.64±1.67)g,(5.59±1.25)g,(8.52±1.63)g,(6.11±1.49)g,F=56.088,P=0.000;(14.66±0.76)g,(2.53±1.37)g,(10.65±2.69)g,(9.67±2.41)g,(10.67±2.04)g,(8.59±2.95)g,F=16.684,P=0.000;(15.00±0.00)g,(2.28±1.03)g,(12.09±1.28)g,(12.37±1.34)g,(6.71±2.89)g,(5.18±1.88)g,F=44.668,P=0.000]。造模后第7天时,ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组、ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值两两比较,组间差异均无统计学意义。造模后第14天时,ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值均高于ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.001;P=0.000);ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值比较,差异无统计学意义。造模后第21天时,ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值均高于ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.009;P=0.000);ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值比较,差异无统计学意义。造模后第28天时,ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组的足底机械性疼痛阈值高于塞来昔布组(P=0.049);ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组与ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组、塞来昔布组比较,组间差异均无统计学意义。造模后第35天时,ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组、ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组和塞来昔布组的足底机械性疼痛阈值两两比较,组间差异均无统计学意义。②椎间盘组织CINC-1含量。造模后第21天,假手术组、生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组及ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组大鼠椎间盘组织中CINC-1含量比较,差异有统计学意义[(534.2±142.6)pg·mL^-1,(28 376.0±976.7)pg·mL^-1,(21 866.0±1 536.0)pg·mL^-1,(9 956.0±1 010.0)pg·mL^-1,F=423.000,P=0.000]。生理盐水组的CINC-1含量高于假手术组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.000;P=0.003;P=0.000);ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组的CINC-1含量高于ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.000)。③椎间盘组织SP mRNA和CGRP mRNA含量。造模后第35天,假手术组、生理盐水组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组及ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组大鼠椎间盘组织中SP mRNA和CGRP mRNA含量比较,组间差异均有统计学意义(1.04±0.49,183.50±118.60,55.50±10.26,19.53±8.05,F=9.499,P=0.000;0.74±0.21,6.29±2.06,1.55±0.69,1.19±0.37,F=27.180,P=0.000)。生理盐水组的SP mRNA含量高于假手术组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.008;P=0.042;P=0.015);ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组的SP m RNA含量高于ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组(P=0.000)。生理盐水组的CGRP m RNA含量高于假手术组、ICA 50 mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组(P=0. 000;P=0. 001;P=0. 000);ICA 50mg·kg^-1组和ICA 100 mg·kg^-1组的CGRP m RNA含量比较,差异无统计学意义。结论:ICA可有效缓解大鼠椎间盘源性腰痛,其镇痛效果与剂量有关,与同剂量的塞来昔布相比其镇痛效果持续时间更长,降低大鼠椎间盘组织中CINC-1的水平可能是其镇痛的作用机制之一。     

Retracted: Icariin inhibits proliferation,migration, and invasion of medulloblastoma DAOY cells by regulation of SPARC

Icariin (ICA) is obtained from Epimedium brevicornu maxim and exploited to remedy miscellaneous cancers. But the role of ICA in medulloblastoma remains hazy. The research delved into the antitumor activity of ICA in medulloblastoma DAOY cells. ICA with diverse concentrations was utilized to stimulate DAOY cells, and the biological functions of ICA in medulloblastoma DAOY cells were examined. Then, the relative SPARC expression was determined in ICA‐managed DAOY cells, and the pc‐SPARC vector was transfected into DAOY cells to further probe the influence of SPARC and JAK1/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathways in ICA‐managed DAOY cells. A xenograft model was established to investigate the function of ICA in vivo. ICA restrained cell viability, expedited apoptosis, prohibited cell migration and invasion, and meanwhile affected the associative factors expression in DAOY cells. Additionally, SPARC expression was declined in ICA‐stimulated DAOY cells. Overexpressed SPARC reversed the functions of ICA in above‐involved cell behaviors of DAYO cells and the correlative protein levels. Besides, ICA notably frustrated JAK1/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT activations in DAOY cells. Beyond that, ICA prohibited tumor formation in vivo. The results concluded that ICA exhibited the antitumor activity in DAOY cells via decreasing SPARC and inactivating JAK1/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT pathways.     

金樱子黄酮类成分的UPLC-Q-TOF-MS分析

目的:采用超高效液相色谱与串联四级杆飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS)对金樱子中的黄酮类成分进行分析和鉴定。方法:用ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18)色谱柱(2.1 mm×50 mm,1.7μm),以0.1%甲酸-0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相,梯度洗脱,流速0.3 m L·min~(-1),柱温35℃,进样量5μL,在电喷雾(ESI)正离子和负离子模式下监测采集数据,通过准分子离子及二级碎片离子对其黄酮类成分进行鉴定。结果:通过对金樱子醇提物进行UPLC的快速分离,根据高分辨率质谱结果和MS/MS碎片、结合对照品信息和相关文献,鉴定出金樱子中10种黄酮类成分,分别为淫羊藿苷,山柰苷,6-甲氧基山柰酚-3-O-半乳糖苷,芹菜素,橙皮苷,金丝桃苷,芦丁,甘草素,翻白叶苷A,槲皮素。结论:应用UPLC-Q-TOF-MS技术可以快速有效地分析金樱子中黄酮类成分,为其成分鉴定提供了一种准确有效的方法,为其质量控制提供依据,并为阐明其药效物质基础提供参考。     

The Combination of icariin and constrained dynamic loading stimulation attenuates bone loss in ovariectomy‐induced osteoporotic mice

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mass and progressive destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increasing the risk of fracture. Icariin (ICA) as a phytoestrogen shows osteogenic effects, and the mechanical stimulation has been demonstrated the improving effect on osteoporosis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of ICA in combination with constrained dynamic loading (CDL) stimulation on osteoporosis in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. The serum hormone levels, bone turnover markers, trabecular architecture, ulnar biomechanical properties, and the expression of osteoblast‐related gene (alkaline phosphatase, ALP; osteocalcin, OCN; bone morphogenetic protein‐2, BMP‐2; Collagen I (α1), COL1; osteoprotegerin, OPG) and osteoclast‐related genes (receptor activators of NF‐κB ligand, RANKL; tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase, TRAP) were analyzed. The results showed that ICA + CDL treatment could increase the osteocalcin (20.85%), estradiol levels (20.61%) and decrease the TRAP activity (26.27%) significantly than CDL treatment. The combined treatment attenuated bone loss and biomechanical decrease more than single use of CDL treatment. ICA + CDL treatment significantly up‐regulated the level of osteoblast‐related gene expression and down‐regulated the osteoclast‐related genes expression; moreover, the combined treatment increased the ratio of OPG/RANKL significantly compared to ICA (72.83%) or CDL (65.63%) treatment alone. The present study demonstrates that icariin in combination with constrained dynamic loading treatment may have a therapeutic advantage over constrained dynamic loading treatment alone for the treatment of osteoporosis, which would provide new evidence for the clinical treatment of osteoporosis. © 2017 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:1415–1424, 2018.

     

补肾中药有效成分对SAMP8小鼠氧化应激水平的影响

[目的]观察补肾中药有效成分补骨脂素、齐墩果酸、淫羊藿苷对快速老化(SAMP8)小鼠氧化应激水平的影响。[方法]选取9月龄雄性SMAP8小鼠,采用随机数字表法随机分为补骨脂素组、齐墩果酸组、淫羊藿苷组及模型组。同时另取同龄段的抗快速衰老亚系1(SAMR1)小鼠作为对照组。治疗组分别给予补骨脂素(50 mg/kg)、齐墩果酸(50 mg/kg)、淫羊藿苷(20 mg/kg)灌胃,对照组与模型组均给予等量的生理盐水灌胃,每次0.3 m L,每日1次,连续灌胃4周后断头取脑。采用酶联免疫吸附实验(ELISA)法检测SMAP8小鼠大脑皮质中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的含量。[结果]SMAP8小鼠大脑皮质中SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性较同龄SAMR1小鼠明显降低,模型组大脑皮质SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性均低于对照组,经4周治疗后,治疗组大脑皮质中SOD、CAT和GSH-Px活性均高于模型组,对于以上指标,补骨脂素、齐墩果酸、淫羊藿苷3种组间比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。[结论]补肾中药对SAMP8的氧化应激损伤具有一定保护作用,从而可以达到防治老年性痴呆的作用。     

HPLC测定气血双补口服液中芍药苷与淫羊藿苷含量

目的改进气血双补口服液的质量标准,为制剂质量提供保障。方法采用高效液相色谱法同时测定制剂中芍药苷和淫羊藿苷的含量。色谱柱为Agiltnt TC-C18(2)柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈-0.1%磷酸梯度洗脱,流速为1.0 m L/min,柱温为25℃,检测波长为232 nm。结果芍药苷、淫羊藿苷分别在0.542~8.677μg(r=0.999 9)、0.185~2.963μg(r=0.999 9)范围内有良好的线性关系,平均回收率分别为99.29%、98.91%,RSD分别为1.06%、1.97%(n=6)。结论该方法准确易行,便于该制剂的质量控制。     

HPLC法测定更年乐片中朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、川续断皂苷Ⅵ和大花双参苷A

目的建立多波长HPLC梯度洗脱法同时测定更年乐片中朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、川续断皂苷Ⅵ和大花双参苷A的方法。方法依利特C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈–0.1%磷酸溶液,梯度洗脱;检测波长:270 nm(朝藿定C和淫羊藿苷)、210 nm(川续断皂苷Ⅵ)、230 nm(大花双参苷A);体积流量为1.2 m L/min;柱温为室温;进样量20μL。结果朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、川续断皂苷Ⅵ和大花双参苷A分别在7.14~142.80μg/m L(r=0.999 8)、5.64~112.80μg/m L(r=0.999 6)、6.35~127.00μg/m L(r=0.999 5)、7.90~158.00μg/m L(r=0.999 3)与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系;朝藿定C、淫羊藿苷、川续断皂苷Ⅵ和大花双参苷A的平均回收率分别为99.24%、96.93%、97.81%、98.32%,RSD值分别为1.28%、0.94%、1.24%、1.50%。结论该方法是一种快速、灵敏、准确的分析方法,可作为更年乐片的质量控制方法。     

淫羊藿苷对快速老化小鼠SAMP10学习记忆能力 以及胆碱能系统活性的影响

目的:探讨淫羊藿苷(ICA)对快速老化小鼠SAMP10的学习记忆能力以及胆碱能系统的影响.方法:采取8月龄快速老化小鼠SAMP10为实验对象,随机分为模型SAMP10组,阳性药多奈哌齐组(1 mg· kg-1),ICA低、中、高剂量(50,100,200 mg·kg-1)组,每组12只,以12只同月龄抗快速老化小鼠SAMR1为正常对照.灌胃给药30 d,通过Morris水迷宫、SMG-2迷宫、小鼠跳台仪检测ICA对SAMP10学习记忆能力的影响,通过比色法测定皮层中乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的活力,采用酶联免疫吸附测定法检测乙酰胆碱(ACh)、乙酰胆碱转移酶(ChAT)以及M-胆碱能受体结合力(MCBC)来探讨ICA对SAMP10小鼠胆碱能系统的作用.结果:ICA可以改善SAMP10小鼠的空间探索能力以及定位航行能力,缩短SAMP10小鼠在SMG-2迷宫的潜伏期,提高其在跳台实验中的被动反应能力,增加SAMP10小鼠大脑皮层ACh的含量,提高SAMP10小鼠皮层中MCBC以及ChAT的活性,但对SAMP10小鼠皮层中的AChE活性作用不明显.结论:不同剂量的淫羊藿苷可不同程度的改善SAMP10小鼠的学习记忆能力,其作用机制可能与对胆碱能系统的影响有关.     

HPLC测定衍宗育子胶囊中淫羊藿苷含量

目的:建立衍宗育子胶囊中淫羊藿苷的含量测定方法.方法:采用高效液相色谱法,Appollo C18柱(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm),乙腈-水(26∶ 74)为流动相,检测波长270 nm,柱温室温.结果；淫羊藿苷在0.025 5～0.408 μg,峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好线性关系(r =0.999 8),平均回收率为99.4％,RSD 1.25％ (n =6).结论:该方法简便、准确、重复性好,可作为该制剂含量测定方法.     

基于UPLC-Q/TOF-MS分析淫羊藿炮制前后黄酮组分的变化规律

目的基于UPLC-Q/TOF-MS技术建立淫羊藿炮制前后指纹图谱,对其全成分进行分析并找出标志性化学成分,以明确淫羊藿炮制前后黄酮组分的变化规律。方法采用UPLC-Q/TOF-MS技术,在正离子模式下采集淫羊藿生品及炮制品样品数据,并在此基础上根据正交-偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)整体探究9个不同产地、批次的淫羊藿炮制前后化学成分的差异。结果从淫羊藿生品及炮制品中寻找并鉴定出9个标志性化学成分,即8-乙烯-山柰酚、淫羊藿素、淫羊藿次苷I、淫羊藿素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、异戊醇基箭藿苷B、1,3-异戊二烯基朝藿定C、1,3-异戊二烯基-箭藿苷B-7-O-葡萄糖醛酸、3-O-(4-乙酰氧基)鼠李糖-2-O-(间二乙酰氧基)葡萄糖-淫羊藿苷及其同分异构体。结论淫羊藿炮制后黄酮组分结构发生变化,次级糖苷增加,多级糖苷减少,淫羊藿黄酮组分总体向低糖苷组分转化,进一步阐明了淫羊藿加热炮制后黄酮组分的变化规律。