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排序方式: 共有2719条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
《Indian journal of medical microbiology》2022,40(4):593-595
The performance of enzyme linked immunosorbent assays (EAST) for identifying six indoor allergens was evaluated using skin prick test (SPT) as reference tests in 154 children with allergic rhinitis. Sensitivity of EAST ranged from 9% (cat) to 54% (HDM) with specificity of 74%(cockroach) to 100% (cat) with an agreement ranged from 58 to 86%. Cut off values ?> ?0.35 kU/L showed best sensitivity and specificity. Our findings agree with extant literature which suggests that the ability of EAST to determine the precipitating allergen is moderate. Assays for definitively identifying the inhalant allergen are currently not available. 相似文献
2.
目的 探讨石家庄市居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病检出情况及影响因素。方法 2021年9—12月采用整群随机抽样方法抽取石家庄市3个社区,对抽中社区的所有居民进行问卷调查和肺功能检查。利用描述流行病学方法分析社区人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病现状。应用单、多因素方法分析影响慢性阻塞性肺疾病发生的危险因素。结果 共2 348名居民完成问卷调查和肺功能检查,其中男1 205人,占51.32%,女1 143人,占48.68%,年龄31~76岁。共有146例检出慢性阻塞性肺疾病,检出率为6.22%,其中轻度69例,占47.26%,中度54例,占36.99%,重度23例,占15.75%,未检出极重度者。检出来的症状分布中,以咳嗽及咳痰的比例较高,分别为52.05%(76例)和49.32%(72例)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示年龄≥40岁(OR=1.705、1.936)、男性(OR=3.404)、居住在农村(OR=2.469)、偶尔或经常吸烟(OR=1.592、1.800)、有职业粉尘接触史(OR=2.179)、有哮喘家族史(OR=3.164)、有慢性阻塞性肺疾病家族史(OR=5.170)、有呼吸道反复感染史(OR=3.414)是石家庄市居民慢性阻塞性肺病患病的影响因素。结论 石家庄市居民的慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病情况不容乐观,且危险因素众多。重点针对中老年、吸烟、农村、有各种相关家族史的男性高危人群开展早期筛查和采取针对性干预措施,有助于对居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病进行防控。 相似文献
3.
Hong-Ren Yu Jui-Hsiu Tsai Chun-Hung Richard Lin Jiu-Yao Wang Yen-Hsia Wen Shihn-Sheng Wu Yuan Hou Ing-Kit Lee Hung-Pin Tu Yi-Chen Lee 《Allergology international》2019,68(4):486-493
BackgroundDengue fever (DF) is the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease. Practical vaccines or specific therapeutics are still expected. Environmental factors and genetic factors affect the susceptibility of Dengue virus (DV) infection. Asthma is a common allergic disease, with house dust mites (HDMs) being the most important allergens. Asthmatic patients are susceptible to several microorganism infections.MethodsA nationwide population-based cohort analysis was designed to assess whether to determine whether asthma can be a risk factor for DF.ResultsUnexpectedly, our data from a nationwide population-based cohort revealed asthmatic patients are at a decreased risk of DF. Compared to patients without asthma, the hazard ratio (HR) for DF in patients with asthma was 0.166 (95% CI: 0.118–0.233) after adjustment for possible confounding factors. In the age stratification, the adjusted HR for DF in young adult patients with asthma was 0.063. Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule 3-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) of dendritic cells (DCs) is an important entry for DV. Through another in vitro experiment, we found that HDM can diminish surface expression of DC-SIGN in monocyte-derived DCs and further decrease the cellular entry of DV.ConclusionsDecreased DC-SIGN expression in DCs of allergic asthmatic patient may be one of many factors for them to be protected against DF. This could implicate the potential for DC-SIGN modulation as a candidate target for designing therapeutic strategies for DF. 相似文献
4.
Alberto Domínguez-Rodríguez Sergio Rodríguez Néstor Baez-Ferrer Pablo Avanzas Pedro Abreu-González Jacobo Silva César Morís Daniel Hernández-Vaquero 《Revista espa?ola de cardiología》2021,74(4):321-328
Introduction and objectivesAsian desert dust has recently been recognized as a trigger for acute myocardial infarction. The inflow of dust from the Sahara into Spain impairs air quality due to an increase in particulate matter concentrations in the ambient air. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether Saharan dust events are associated with the incidence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients living near North Africa, the major global dust source.MethodsWe prospectively collected data on hospitalizations due to ACS in 2416 consecutive patients from a tertiary care hospital (Canary Islands, Spain) from December 2012 to December 2017. Concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 10 microns or smaller (PM10) and reactive gases were measured in the European Air Quality Network implemented in the Canary Islands. We applied the time-stratified case crossover design using conditional Poisson regression models to estimate the impact of PM10 Saharan dust events on the incidence of ACS.ResultsThe occurrence of Saharan dust events observed 0 to 5 days before the onset of ACS was not significantly associated with the incidence of ACS. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) of PM10 levels 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 days before ACS onset (for changes in 10 μg/m3) were 1.27 (95%CI, 0.87-1.85), 0.92 (95%CI, 0.84-1.01), 0.74 (95%CI, 0.45-1.22), 0.98 (95%CI, 0.87-1.11), and 0.95 (95%CI, 0.84-1.06), respectively.ConclusionsExposure to Saharan desert dust is unlikely to be associated with the incidence of ACS. 相似文献
5.
Rafael A. Robayo-Salazar William Valencia-Saavedra Sandra Ramírez-Benavides Ruby Mejía de Gutirrez Armando Orobio 《Materials》2021,14(5)
The interest of the construction industry in alkali-activated materials has increased to the extent that these materials are recognized as alternatives to ordinary Portland cement-based materials in the quest for sustainable construction. This article presents the design and construction of a prototype of an eco-friendly house built from concrete blocks produced using alkali activation technology or geopolymerization. The prototype meets the requirements of the current Colombian Regulations for Earthquake Resistant Buildings (NSR-10) and includes standards related to the performance of the materials, design, and construction method for earthquake-resistant confined masonry of one- or two-story buildings. The alkali-activated blocks were obtained from different precursors (aluminosilicates), including a natural volcanic pozzolan, ground granulated blast furnace slag, fly ash, construction and demolition waste (concrete, ceramic, brick, and mortar), and red clay brick waste. The physical-mechanical characterization of the alkali-activated blocks allowed their classification according to the structural specifications of the Colombian Technical Standard NTC 4026 (equivalent to ASTM C90). The global warming potential (GWP) or “carbon footprint” attributed to the raw materials of alkali-activated blocks was lower (25.4–54.7%) than that of the reference blocks (ordinary Portland cement concrete blocks). These results demonstrate the potential of alkali-activated materials for application in the construction of eco-friendly houses. 相似文献
6.
目的:评价安脱达尘螨变应原疫苗治疗过敏性哮喘的疗效及安全性。方法:采用自身对照方法,对125例尘螨过敏性哮喘患儿皮下注射特异性免疫疫苗(安脱达),记录治疗前后哮喘症状、合并用药评分,同时计算与免疫相关不良反应发生率,评价其安全性。结果:脱敏治疗1年后125例患儿哮喘症状明显改善,合并用药计分明显减少。80.0%(100/125)的哮喘患儿伴发过敏性鼻炎,脱敏治疗1年后鼻炎症状明显改善。23.2%的患儿因哮喘症状明显好转,在治疗第26周末自行停用合并药物,第52周末随访病情,哮喘复发率为10.3%(3/29)。125例患儿总计接受免疫治疗注射2676次,43例患儿出现100例次局部不良反应,局部不良反应的发生率为3.7%(100/2676),14例患儿出现23例次全身不良反应,全身不良反应发生率0.9%(23/2676),未出现致死性全身不良反应。结论:标准化变应原进行脱敏治疗在规范化操作下是一种安全有效的治疗方法。 相似文献
7.
8.
Chris Ifediora 《The Australasian medical journal》2015,8(7):239-246
Background
Aggression against doctors involved in after-hours house calls (AHHC) is widely perceived to be high. It is, however, unclear how doctors who perform this service manage the risk of aggressive patients during home visits.Aims
The aim of this paper is to explore if and how doctors manage the risk of violence against them during AHHC.Methods
A survey was designed and administered to all 300 Australian-based doctors engaged in AHHC under the National Home Doctor Service (NHDS). The survey was conducted from September 2014 to November 2014.Results
There were 172 responses (57.3 per cent). Only 43 per cent of respondents adopted personal protective measures. The remaining 57 per cent had none; of those 6 per cent had never considered protective measures, and 31.8 per cent were aware of the risk of violence, but were unsure of what to do. Measures adopted include the use of chaperones/security personnel (34.1 per cent), dependence on surgery policies (31.2 per cent), de-escalation techniques (15.2 per cent), panic buttons (7.2 per cent), personal alarms (6.1 per cent), and others (6.5 per cent). Females were more likely to adopt personal protective measures than males (OR 4.94; p<0.01; CI 1.70–14.34), and Australian-trained doctors were less likely to do so relative to overseas-trained doctors (OR 0.35; p=0.04; CI 0.12–0.99).Conclusion
Just over half of the doctors involved in AHHC took no precautions against aggressive attacks while on duty, and nearly one-third relied on the policies of their employing surgeries. 相似文献9.
OX40 blockade inhibits house dust mite driven allergic lung inflammation in mice and in vitro allergic responses in humans 下载免费PDF全文
The costimulatory receptor OX40 is expressed on activated T cells and regulates T‐cell responses. Here, we show the efficacy and mechanism of action of an OX40 blocking antibody using the chronic house dust mite (HDM) mouse model of lung inflammation and in vitro HDM stimulation of cells from HDM allergic human donors. We have demonstrated that OX40 blockade leads to a reduction in the number of eosinophils and neutrophils in the lavage fluid and lung tissue of HDM sensitized mice. This was accompanied by a decrease in activated and memory CD4+ T cells in the lungs and further analysis revealed that both the Th2 and Th17 populations were inhibited. Improved lung function and decreased HDM‐specific antibody responses were also noted. Significantly, efficacy was observed even when anti‐OX40 treatment was delayed until after inflammation was established. OX40 blockade also inhibited the release of the Th2 cytokines IL‐5 and IL‐13 from cells isolated from HDM allergic human donors. Altogether, our data provide evidence of a role of the OX40/OX40L pathway in ongoing allergic lung inflammation and support clinical studies of a blocking OX40 antibody in Th2 high severe asthma patients. 相似文献
10.
Mrinal Sarwate MD Adela Vrbenska MD Kristopher Cummings MD Henry D. Tazelaar MD 《American journal of industrial medicine》2020,63(9):821-827
Workers in a print shop are exposed to photocopier toner dust and paper dust over a prolonged period of time. However, there are only rare case reports of toner and paper dust induced lung damage in humans. We reviewed our consultation files for a period of 30 years from 1987 to 2018 to look for cases with a diagnosis of giant cell interstitial pneumonia (GIP), printer toner exposure and paper dust exposure resulting in lung disease. There were two cases which met our inclusion criteria. Slides, clinical histories and imaging were reviewed. Both the patients had worked in print shops, and had no history of exposure to hard metals. Patient 1 presented with shortness of breath and cough over several months, while patient 2 was asymptomatic at presentation. Both the patients underwent surgical lung biopsies. Histopathologic examination from both the cases showed a spectrum of pathology, including features of GIP, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, chronic bronchiolitis with lymphoid hyperplasia, and particulate matter consistent with toner. Energy dispersive spectroscopy was performed on one case, and it revealed no cobalt or tungsten particles. The unusual combination of findings is very suggestive that toner particles with or without paper dust exposure were responsible for the pathologic changes in the lungs of these patients. This possibility should be explored further with additional patients who work in print shops where they are exposed to paper dust and paper toner and have signs or symptoms of diffuse lung disease. 相似文献