A clinical evaluation of resin-based composite and glass ionomer cement restorations placed in primary teeth using the ART approach: results at 24 months

BACKGROUND: The authors evaluated the 24-month performance of a packable resin-based composite/dentin bonding system and a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) in restorations placed in primary molars with the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach. METHODS: Three dentists placed 419 restorations in 219 children aged 6 through 10 years who had bilateral matched pairs of carious posterior Class I and II primary teeth. They used a split-mouth design to place the two materials, which were assigned randomly to contralateral sides. The authors evaluated the restorations according to U.S. Public Health Service Ryge criteria. RESULTS: After 24 months, 96.7 percent of the Class I GIC restorations and 91 percent of the resin-based composite restorations survived, while the success rates for the Class II restorations were 76.1 percent and 82 percent for the GIC and resin-based composite restorations, respectively. The survival rate of the Class II resin-based composite restorations was 5.9 percent higher than that of the GIC restorations at the 24-month evaluation, but this difference was not statistically significant. However, the study results showed a statistically significant difference in survival rates between Class I and II restorations for both materials. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The two-year clinical performance of both materials was satisfactory for the restoration of Class I and II primary molars using the ART approach.     

高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效

目的观察经皮椎体成形术(PVP)中使用高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的疗效及并发症。方法对60例骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者(98个椎体)采用高黏度骨水泥PVP治疗。观察手术前后腰痛VAS评分、脊椎功能障碍指数(ODI)、骨水泥渗漏及邻近椎体骨折等并发症发生率。结果 60例均获得随访,时间3~6(4.2±1.4)年。VAS评分由术前6~10(8.4±1.2)分降低到末次随访时0~3(0.7±0.8)分(P0.001);ODI由术前45%~91%(63.7%±15.9%)降低到末次随访时2%~31%(8.4%±6.6%)(P0.001)。共8个椎体(8.2%)发生骨水泥静脉渗漏,6个椎体(6.1%)发生椎间盘渗漏,8个椎体(8.2%)发生椎旁渗漏,2例(3.3%)发生邻近椎体骨折。结论采用高黏度骨水泥行PVP治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折可获得满意的临床疗效,骨水泥渗漏率及邻近椎体骨折发生率均较低。     

不同黏度大剂量骨水泥在经皮椎体成形中的应用疗效与并发症

文题释义：经皮椎体成形：在影像导引下经皮肤通过或不通过椎弓根将穿刺针穿刺到病变椎体,而后向椎体内注入骨水泥,以达到增强椎体强度和稳定性,防止塌陷,缓解腰背部疼痛,甚至部分恢复椎体高度目的的一种微创技术。 骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折：又称“脆性骨折”,骨质疏松症的严重并发症之一,指骨质疏松症导致骨密度和骨质量下降,骨强度降低,在日常生活中受到轻微外伤或没有明显外伤情况下即可发生的椎体压缩骨折,常见于老年女性,好发于胸腰段,主要临床表现包括腰背部疼痛、神经放射痛、脊柱后凸畸形等。 背景：虽然经皮椎体成形已被广泛用于老年疼痛性骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的治疗,但是关于骨水泥合理剂量和选择的相关研究仍不充分,尚未有统一结论。 目的：对比不同黏度大剂量骨水泥在经皮椎体成形治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折中的疗效和并发症发生情况。 方法：选择 2014年2月至2018年12月上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院收治的单节段老年胸腰段(T₁₂-L₂)骨质疏松性骨折患者169例,其中85例进行大剂量低黏度骨水泥椎体成形治疗(对照组),84例进行大剂量高黏度骨水泥椎体成形治疗(观察组),两组骨水泥注射剂量均>4 mL。术前及术后2 d,记录两组目测类比评分、伤椎前缘高度、伤椎Cobb角及骨水泥渗漏情况。研究方案经上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院伦理委员会批准(批准号SH9H-2019-T90-1)。 结果与结论：①两组术后2 d的目测类比评分均较术前明显下降(P < 0.05),两组组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);②两组术后2 d的伤椎前缘高度均较术前升高(P < 0.05),两组组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);③两组术后2 d的伤椎Cobb角均较术前减少(P < 0.05),两组组间比较差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);④对照组85例中57例(67.1%)发生骨水泥渗漏,观察组84例中36例(42.9%)发生骨水泥渗漏,两组组间比较差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05),并且观察组椎旁血管、椎管内骨水泥渗漏发生率低于对照组(P < 0.05);⑤两组均未出现植入物周围感染、过敏反应、免疫反应及排斥反应;⑥结果表明,应用大剂量的高、低黏度骨水泥治疗老年骨质疏松性椎体骨折均可取得良好的临床疗效,但低黏度骨水泥的渗漏发生率较高,高黏度骨水泥可显著降低渗漏风险,尤其是椎旁血管和椎管内的渗漏率。 ORCID: 0000-0001-7982-8270(王梦然) 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程     

Glycemic response of mashed potato containing high-viscocity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Potatoes generally have one of the highest glycemic index values of any food. Relatively small differences in the glycemic response (GR) of regularly consumed starch foods have shown beneficial effects on health. Lowering the GR of a potato-based meal has potentially wide-reaching health benefits. High-viscosity hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HV-HPMC) is a modified cellulose dietary fiber extensively used in the food industry. We hypothesized that the GR of a high–glycemic index product such as mashed potato would be lower with the addition of HV-HPMC. In a nonblind, randomized, repeat-measure, crossover controlled trial, 15 healthy adults consumed portions of mashed potato with different doses (0%, 1%, 2%, and 4%) of a specially selected and optimized HV-HPMC and a reference food (glucose) on separate occasions. Five subjects were excluded from the final analysis due to noncompliance with study procedures. Capillary blood glucose was measured in fasted subjects and at 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes after starting to eat. For each sample, the incremental area under the blood glucose response curve was calculated and the GR determined. There was a significant lowering effect of HV-HPMC on GR (P < .001) of mashed potato. Glycemic responses for all mashed potato samples with the HV-HPMC were significantly lower than the standard mashed potato: 1% level (P < .05), 2% level (P < .05), and 4% level (P < .05). However, there was no significant effect of the HV-HPMC dose on GR. We conclude that addition of select HV-HPMC to mashed potato blunts GR.     

高粘度与低粘度骨水泥在PVP治疗骨质疏松椎体骨折的疗效分析

目的探讨高粘度骨水泥与低粘度骨水泥在经皮椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松椎体骨折(OVCF)的疗效。方法回顾性分析我院OVCF患者应用PVP治疗时应用高粘度骨水泥(高粘度组)和低粘度骨水泥(低粘度组)的患者,对患者随访至术后3个月,观察患者术前/术后1天以及术后3个月视觉模拟评分(VAS)、Oswestry功能障碍指数(ODI)、Cobb角以及有无发生渗漏。结果在VAS、ODI以及Cobb角方面,高粘度组要优于低粘度组。高粘度骨水泥组静脉渗漏率、椎体渗漏率均低于低粘度组,差异有统计意义(P<0.05)。结论 PVP术中应用高粘度骨水泥与低粘度骨水泥均可减轻OVCF患者术后疼痛,恢复椎体高度,但高粘度骨水泥可以明显降低患者静脉渗漏率以及椎体渗漏率,因此高粘度骨水泥可作为治疗OVCF的首选方案。     

高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者早期下床活动的效果观察

目的 探讨高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者早期下床活动的效果.方法 将42例分别采用高黏度和低黏度骨水泥椎体成形术(PVP)治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折的患者分为研究组和对照组各21例,研究组患者术后4h下床活动,8h离床活动,对照组患者术后12h下床活动,24 h离床活动,术后3d内CT复查观察椎旁渗漏和椎体内骨水泥分布情况.用视觉疼痛模拟评分(VAS)、日常生活活动能力评分(Barthel)、压疮风险评分(Braden)和深静脉血栓形成风险评分评价两组效果.结果 两组患者均顺利手术,术后24 h、第7天VAS、Barthel评分比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),术后8 h Barthel、Braden评分和深静脉血栓形成风险评分比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),VAS差异无统计学意义.结论 高黏度骨水泥治疗骨质疏松性椎体压缩骨折患者PVP术后早期下床活动能有效提高患者的日常生活活动能力,减少压疮和深静脉血栓形成的风险,减轻护士和家属的负担.