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排序方式: 共有32条查询结果,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
目的:研究前列腺肥大的患者在腰硬联合麻醉下行前列腺电切术时输注高渗氯化钠-羟乙基淀粉(hypertonic sodium chloride hetastarch,HSH)预防经尿道电切综合征的作用.方法:随机将60例前列腺肥大患者分为A组(观察组)和B组(对照组)各30例.观察组术前先输注复方氯化钠,手术开始后输注HS...  相似文献   
2.
目的探讨羟乙基淀粉130/0.4行高容血液稀释对手术全麻患者凝血功能的影响。方法 80例胃肠手术患者随机分为试验组和对照组,各40例。试验组输入20mL/kg羟乙基淀粉130/0.4进行快速扩容,术中以乳酸林格氏液补充其余体液需要量;对照组仅输入乳酸林格氏液。各组患者于急性高血容量血液稀释前、后1 h分别采血,检测Hct、PLT、PT、血小板最大凝集率、gbACT、CR、PF、TP、APTT。结果对照组治疗后Hct、PLT、PT、gbACT、血小板最大凝集率均较治疗前明显降低,PT、TP明显升高(P〈0.05);试验组治疗后凝血功能各项指标均较治疗前明显改善(P〈0.05)。2组治疗后Hct、PT、CR、TP、PF、血小板最大凝集率有统计学差异(P〈0.05)。结论羟乙基淀粉130/0.4扩容效果明显,能有效维持循环稳定,是一种简单可行、安全有效的血液保护方法,值得临床推广应用。  相似文献   
3.
Acute normovolemic hemodilution is a safe technique for minimizing operative blood loss during major tumor resection in children. Based on our experience using hemodilution anesthesia in 14 successful extensive tumor resections, we conclude the following: (1) this is an effective means of reducing use of bank blood and thus avoiding the risks of multiple transfusions; (2) it facilitates surgical dissection due to increased visibility with dilute blood, and decreased bleeding due to controlled hypotension; (3) this technique is acceptable for Jehovah's Witnesses; (4) hetastarch is an effective, inexpensive colloid hemodiluent which minimized perioperative edema compared to crystalloid hemodilution.  相似文献   
4.
The use of hydroxy-ethyl starch (HES) has been used in the cord blood banking industry for the separation of blood into its individual components. The focus of this study is to examine whether the use of HES is feasible in obtaining a buffy coat for the use in the construction of platelet gels. Blood was collected from seven canines into anticoagulant citrate dextrose at a ratio of 1:8. A sample of whole blood was used to obtain initial cell counts and a base line Thrombelastograph (TEG). 6% Hespan was added to the whole blood and allowed to sediment for 60 minutes. Cell counts and TEGs were performed on the resulting layers: red blood cells (RBCs), buffy coat (BC), and plasma. The results of this study (see Table 1) suggest that the gravity sedimentation of whole blood with HES can significantly reduce the RBCs in the BC and plasma layers while increasing the platelet count in the plasma layer. These data also suggest that HES does not affect the clotting capabilities of the BC and plasma layers.  相似文献   
5.
急性扩容性血液稀释的临床研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
目的 :观察羟乙基淀粉用于急性扩容性血液稀释时对机体的影响。方法:将40例ASAI~II级胸科手术患者随机分为2组 ,在静吸复合全身麻醉诱导后 ,分别在30min内从中心静脉快速输入1000mL羟乙基淀粉或乳酸林格氏液 ,同时外周静脉滴注硝酸甘油维持扩容。持续监测有创动脉血压 (ABP)、中心静脉压 (CVP)、心率、血氧饱和度(SpO2)。分别于麻醉前、快速输入羟乙基淀粉或乳酸林格氏液后15min、术毕时抽血查血红蛋白 (Hb)、红细胞压积 (Hct)、血小板(Plt)、血浆电解质 (K +、Na +、Cl- )和凝血谱全套。结果 :与麻醉前比较 ,2组病人在血液稀释后Hb、Hct均显著降低 (P<0.01) ,Plt、血浆电解质 (K +、Na +、Cl- )、凝血酶原时间 (PT)也明显降低 (P<0.05) ,但均在正常生理范围内 ,凝血酶 (部分凝血活酶时间 (APTT)、凝血酶时间 (TT) )无显著性变化(P>0.05)。结论 :羟乙基淀粉应用于急性扩容性血液稀释能有效地维持血液动力学和机体内环境的稳定 ,能防止血液有形成分———血细胞过度丢失 ,对机体的凝血功能无明显影响  相似文献   
6.
羟乙基淀粉溶液对大鼠全脑缺血-再灌注损伤的影响   总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7  
吴震  田玉科  张传汉  王鹏 《天津医药》2004,32(8):498-500,F003
目的:研究6%羟乙基淀粉溶液对大鼠全脑缺血-再灌注损伤的影响。方法:84只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为假手术组(S组,n=20)、缺血-再灌注组(Ⅰ组,n=32)和6%羟乙基淀粉溶液组(H组,n=32),其中Ⅰ组和H组又各分为再灌注1,3,6,12h亚组。采用原位杂交组织化学技术检测脑血管内皮细胞ICAM-1mRNA的表达。结果:Ⅰ组和H组再灌注1,3,6,12h组ICAM-1mRNA的表达均较S组对应时间点组高(P<0.01),H组再灌注各个时间点组ICAM-1mRNA的表达均较I组对应时间点组低(P<0.05)。结论:在不改变血细胞比容的条件下,再灌注早期应用6%羟乙基淀粉溶液治疗可降低脑血管内皮细胞表面ICAM-1mRNA表达,减轻脑缺血-再灌注损伤。  相似文献   
7.
This article can be broken down into three sections. First is a review of extracellular fluid volume management and some of the key physiological principles involved. Second, there is an appraisal of the merits or otherwise of crystalloids and colloids for volume replacement, and finally, a summary of the key points in our appreciation of the behavior of various cations in the perioperative period. In all these areas, there has been much academic endeavor. Sometimes this has generated more heat than light, and the lack of consensus in many areas serves to highlight the need for further work and better understanding.  相似文献   
8.
BACKGROUND AND METHODS: A postal survey was mailed to the members of Association of Paediatric Anaesthetists of Great Britain and Ireland (APA) (n=187) and French-Language Society of Paediatric Anaesthesiologists (ADARPEF) (n=220) to primarily investigate the impact of a recently published Cochrane report on the clinical use of albumin solutions in paediatric anaesthetic practice. At the same time, information regarding blood transfusion strategies and the use of intraoperative glucose containing maintenance solutions was gathered. RESULTS: The response rate of the survey was 38% and 25% for APA and ADARPEF members, respectively. Forty-one percent of APA members reported a reduced use of albumin containing solutions following the publication of the Cochrane report compared to eight percent in the ADARPEF group (P < 0.0001). Albumin continues to be the most frequently used plasma expander in premature babies and neonates, whereas many colleagues use alternative colloids in infants and older children. A clear difference was observed in the 1-12-year-old age group between APA members favouring the use of gelatines and ADARPEF members who instead frequently use hetastarch solutions. ADARPEF members appeared to have a slightly more restrictive attitude towards blood transfusion and also reported more widespread use of erythropoetin (56% versus 9%, P < 0.0001) and predilution techniques (40% versus 23%, P < 0.04) compared with APA members. Regarding intraoperative maintenance solutions, a large proportion of both APA and ADARPEF members still use high concentrations of glucose intraoperatively, even in older children.  相似文献   
9.
目的 观察高渗氯化钠羟乙基淀粉40(HSH40)注射液对颅脑肿瘤手术患者颅内压及脑氧合的影响.方法 择期颅脑肿瘤手术患者30例,随机均分为2组:试验组(HSH40注射液组)与对照组(20%甘露醇组),2组均用静吸复合全麻,在15 min内,试验组与对照组分别静脉输注HSH40注射液4 mL·kg~(-1)和20%甘露醇1 g·kg~(-1);于不同时点监测平均动脉压(MAP)、脑脊液压(CSFP)及尿量,并计算脑灌注压(CPP)、脑动脉和颈内静脉氧含量、脑动静脉血氧含量差(Da-jvO_2)及脑氧摄取率(CERO_2).结果 与输注前比较,在输注完15 min后2组CS-FP均降低;试验组在输注后30,60 min时,CPP升高;在60,120 min时,2组颈内静脉血氧饱和度(SjvO_2)升高而Da-jvO_2及CERO_2降低(P<0.05);与对照组比较,试验组在30 min时CSFP降低;尿量在各时段均减少(P<0.05).结论 HSH40对颅脑肿瘤手术患者可降低其颅内压且优于20%甘露醇;且HSH40可改善颅脑肿瘤患者的脑氧代谢.  相似文献   
10.
刘玲  刘蔚然  李锦成 《天津医药》2005,33(9):552-554
目的:观察和比较术中输异体血及输6%羟乙基淀粉(Hydroxyethyl Starch,HES)对机体内环境和凝血功能的影响。方法:将40例在全麻下择期胸腔手术患者随机分为输注异体血(A组)和输注6%羟乙基淀粉(B组),每组20例。在常规监测基础上,术中监测每例患者机体内环境,包括血常规、血气、电解质,监测术前、术毕及术后24h凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、纤维蛋白原浓度(FIB)和凝血酶时间(TT)。结果:A组血气改变及电解质紊乱较B组明显,2组患者PT、APTT术后较术前均明显延长(P〈0.05),FIB减少(P〈0.05),但仍在正常范围内,术后24 h2组患者的PT、APTT和FIB均恢复为术前水平,TT变化不明显。结论:输注6%羟乙基淀粉可减少输异体血的不良反应,维持机体水、电解质和酸碱平衡,对凝血功能无明显影响,可安全用于手术期的扩容治疗。  相似文献   
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