子宫内膜癌中的Bmi-1表达及其与hTERT的关系

目的:研究Bmi-1、hTERT在子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜不典型增生、正常子宫内膜组织中的表达。方法:应用免疫组化检测105例子宫内膜癌、40例子宫内膜不典型增生、20例正常子宫内膜组织中Bmi-1、hTERT的表达。结果:在子宫内膜癌、子宫内膜不典型增生和正常子宫内膜组织中Bmi-1、hTERT阳性率分别为86.7%、55%和25%，94.3%、72.5%和5%。Bmi-1在子宫内膜癌和子宫内膜不典型增生中的表达均高于正常子宫内膜组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。子宫内膜癌中，Bmi-1与浸润深度、血管浸润相关，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），hTERT与组织学分级、组织学类型、浸润深度和血管浸润相关（P<0.05）。Bmi-1和hTERT呈正相关（P<0.01)。结论:Bmi-1和hTERT共同参与子宫内膜病变的恶性转化，联合检测Bmi-1和hTERT对早期判断子宫内膜癌的发生、发展有一定价值。     

端粒酶催化亚单位基因转染对人胚胎成纤维细胞表型及寿命的影响

目的探讨外源性人端粒酶蛋白催化亚单位(hTERT)基因转染对人胚胎成纤维细胞(hEFs)寿命的影响以及基因转染后细胞是否存在恶性表型。方法应用脂质体法将pIRES2-EGFP-hTERT正义重组质粒及pIRES2-EGFP空载质粒分别导入原代培养hEFs,Westernblot检测hTERT蛋白及I、III型胶原表达。染色体核型分析、裸鼠皮下致瘤性实验、DNA倍体实验以及形态学观察分析转染细胞是否存在恶性表型。结果外源性hTERT基因转染的胚胎成纤维细胞hTERT蛋白和I、III型胶原表达增加,体外传代次数增加,传至75代仍保持以2d的倍增周期生长,并且染色体仍为23对,均为正常二倍体细胞;裸鼠皮下不具有成瘤的能力;而hEFs和空载转染细胞传至60代左右平均五六天传代1次,出现生长停滞现象。结论外源性hTERT基因转染使胎儿成纤维细胞增殖旺盛,寿命延长,且不具有恶性表型。     

hTERT在原发性肝癌中的表达及其临床意义

目的探讨端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)在原发性肝癌(HCC)中的表达,为肝癌早发现、治疗方案的选择、预后分析提供理论根据。方法 (1)采用免疫组化、RT-PCR法检测HCC及其癌旁组织和正常肝组织中hTERT基因表达水平。(2)比较hTERT检测和影像检查的诊断阳性率并对部分患者进行随访。结果 (1)hTERT在HCC和癌旁组织的阳性表达差异有显著性(P<0.01)。正常肝组织未见阳性表达。(2)hTERT检测诊断小肝癌阳性率高于影像学诊断;hTERT与影像学在癌旁组织的诊断阳性率差异有显著性(P<0.01)。(3)18例患者在随访期内有7例发生转移复发,均为hTERT阳性表达者。结论 (1)hTERT在肝癌组织中呈高表达水平;(2)hTERT在肝癌组织诊断中,小肝癌阳性率高于影像学诊断,癌旁组织诊断中,hTERT优于影像学诊断。(3)hTERT具有预示肝癌复发、转移的作用,可能成为辅助诊断和预后判断的指标之一。     

抑制IGF2基因的siRNA表达载体对肝癌Huh-7细胞增殖的抑制作用

目的:研究抑制人胰岛素样生长因子2(IGF2)基因的siRNA表达载体对肝癌Huh-7细胞增殖的抑制作用。方法:将重组人甲胎蛋白(hAFP)和人端粒酶逆转录酶(hTERT)双启动子调控抑制IGF2基因的siRNA表达载体pGL3-h AFP-hTERT-siRNA3(简称siRNA3)转染Huh-7细胞和正常肝L-02细胞,另设阴性对照(载体p GL3-hAFP-hTERT)组和空白对照组。采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测各组细胞转染48 h后IGF2 mRNA表达;酶标仪检测转染0、24、48、72 h后的细胞活性;流式细胞仪检测转染48h后细胞周期、细胞凋亡;Western blot法检测细胞IGF2、增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、细胞周期蛋白(Cyclin)E2、Cyclin D2、Cdc2、Bcl-2蛋白表达水平。结果:与阴性对照组和空白对照组比较,转染siRNA3的Huh-7细胞中IGF2 mRNA表达明显减弱,转染48、72 h后Huh-7细胞活性明显降低,G1期Huh-7细胞明显增加,S期Huh-7细胞明显减少;Huh-7细胞早期、晚期及总凋亡百分比均明显增加,IGF2、PCNA、Cyclin E2、Cyclin D2、Cdc2和Bcl-2蛋白表达均明显减弱,以上差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。转染siRNA3表达载体的L-02细胞上述指标均无明显变化(P>0.05)。结论:重组hAFP和hTERT双启动子调控针对IGF2基因的siRNA可特异性抑制Huh-7细胞IGF2表达及细胞增殖,其可能与下调IGF2 mRNA及蛋白表达,进而引起细胞增殖相关基因PCNA、细胞周期调控相关基因Cyclin E2、Cyclin D2、Cdc2及细胞凋亡调控相关基因Bcl-2蛋白表达下调有关。     

Overview of high-risk HPV's 16 and 18 infected cervical cancer: Pathogenesis to prevention

As general, the Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes the most sexually transmitted diseases. Among well categorized 80 types, the high-risk types HPV's 16 and 18 are highly involved in 70% of cervical cancer. The virulence of HPV is mainly exhibited by E5, E6 and E7 encoded oncoproteins that cause low to high-grade cervical lesions (CIN-1, 2, 3), leading to form 99.7% of squamous cell and 89% of adenocarcinomas cervical cancer worldwide. This study mainly encircles the major role of E5, E6 and E7 oncoproteins in HPV 16 and 18. Further discussed the uprising of significant biomarkers and their cellular process in different stages of cervical cancer with current prevention and treatment regimens. Hence, this integration will evoke novel markers, potential vaccination and various treatments approaches with special reference for HPV16 and 18 infected cervical cancers.     

Inhibitory effects of antisense phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotides on pancreatic cancer cell Bxpc-3 telomerase activity and cell growth in vitro

AIM: To investigate the effect of telomerase hTERT gene antisense oligonucleotide (hTERT-ASO) on proliferation and telomerase activity of pancreatic cancer cell line Bxpc-3. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect the effect of different doses of hTERT-ASO on proliferation of Bxpc-3 cell for different times. To study the anti-tumor activity, the cells were divided into there groups: Control group (pancreatic cancer cell Bxpc-3); antisense oligonucleotide (hTERT-ASO) group; and nosense oligonucleotide group decorated with phosphorothioate. Telomerase activity was detected using TRAP-PCR-ELISA. Cell DNA distribution was examined using flow cytometry assay. Cell apoptosis was observed by transmission electron microscope in each group. RESULTS: After treatment with 6 mmol/L hTERT-ASO, cell proliferation was inhibited in dose- and time-dependent manner. The telomerase activity decreased after treatment with hTERT-ASO for 72 h. Flow cytometry showed the cell number of G0/G1 phase increased from 2.7% to 14.7%, the cell number of S phase decreased from 72.7% to 51.0%, and a sub-Gl stage cell apoptosis peak appeared in front of G1 stage. CONCLUSION: Telomerase antisense oligodeoxy-nucleotide can inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell line Bxpc-3 and decrease the telomerase activity and increase cell apoptosis rate in vitro.     

利用 RNAi阻抑 hTERT 和Bi-1双基因表达的RNAi作用效果的研究

目的：利用LipofectamineTM2000将针对靶向人类端粒酶末端逆转录酶（hTERT）和Bax inhibitor‐1（Bi‐1）基因设计并构建的质粒载体转染至CNE‐2Z鼻咽癌细胞内,诱导序列特异性的基因沉默,研究其产生的shRNA阻抑hTERT 和Bi‐1基因表达的效果。方法收集CNE‐2Z细胞,设未处理组、pEGFP‐N1组、pEGFP‐N1／Lip组,采用流式细胞术检测Lip对CNE‐2Z细胞的转染能力,RT‐PCR和Western blot法分析表达shRNA重组质粒载体对hTERT和Bi‐1基因mRNA表达的抑制效应。结果转染CNE‐2Z细胞的质粒和Lip最佳组合：质粒为2．5μg ,Lip为6．25μL。结论成功构建的针对人hTERT和Bi‐1基因的shRNA真核表达质粒能特异、有效地阻抑hTERT和Bi‐1基因的表达。     

Telomerase activity,telomere length and hTERT DNA methylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits

Increased telomerase expression has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lung cancer and, since the primary cause of lung cancer is smoking, an association between telomerase reactivation and tobacco smoke has been proposed. In this work an investigation has been performed to assess the relationship between tobacco smoke exposure and telomerase activity (TA) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy smokers. The methylation status of the catalytic subunit of telomerase hTERT was concurrently investigated to assess the possible association between epigenetic modifications of hTERT and TA. Besides, the association between smoke and telomere length (TL) has been evaluated. Healthy monozygotic twins with discordant smoking habits were selected as study population to minimize inter‐individual differences because of demographic characteristics and genetic heterogeneity. Statistically significant higher values of TA and TL were observed in smokers compared to nonsmoker co‐twins. The multivariate analysis of data showed, besides smoking habits (P = 0.02), an influence of gender (P = 0.006) and BMI (P = 0.001) on TA and a borderline effect of gender (P = 0.05) on TL. DNA methylation analysis, focused on 100 CpG sites mapping in hTERT, highlighted nine CpG sites differentially methylated in smokers. When co‐twins were contrasted, selecting as variables the intra‐twin difference in TA and hTERT DNA methylation, a statistically significant inverse correlation (P = 0.003) was observed between TA and DNA methylation at the cg05521538 site. In conclusion, these results indicate an association of tobacco smoke with TA and TL and suggest a possible association between smoke‐induced epigenetic effects and TA in healthy smokers. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58:551–559, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.