萆苓祛痛方对糖尿病痛风大鼠骨骼肌组织SIRT3蛋白表达及URAT1 mRNA的影响

目的:探讨萆苓祛痛方对糖尿病痛风大鼠骨骼肌组织去乙酰化酶3(SIRT3)蛋白表达及尿酸盐转运体1(URAT1) mRNA的影响。方法:选择健康雄性大鼠40只,除正常组外,其余组予高脂饲料喂养并联合小剂量链脲佐菌素(STZ)溶液40 mg·kg-1腹腔注射1次,以血糖≥16. 7 mmol·L-1,为糖尿病模型。4 d后关节腔注射5%尿酸钠溶液1次,诱导痛风模型,模型成功后,分为萆苓祛痛方组(萆苓组,10 g·kg-1),吲哚美辛组(5 mg·kg-1),吡格列酮组(10 mg·kg-1),均连续给药21 d,正常组、模型组予等量生理盐水;采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)测定骨骼肌组织SIRT3蛋白表达;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测骨骼肌组织URAT1 mRNA表达,并进行病理检查,取血测定血糖(GLU),血尿酸(UA)及C反应蛋白(CRP)含量。结果:与正常组比较,模型组GLU,UA及CRP明显升高(P 0. 01);与模型组比较,萆苓组、吡格列酮组血糖下降(P 0. 05);各药物组UA及CRP明显下降(P 0. 01)。与正常组比较,模型组骨骼肌SIRT3蛋白表达量显著降低(P 0. 01);与模型组比较,萆苓组骨骼肌SIRT3蛋白表达量显著提高(P 0. 01),与西药组比较无明显差异;条带图的结果同样显示,与正常组比较,模型组表达亮度明显减弱,药物组表达亮度明显增强;与正常组比较,模型组关节组织URAT1 mRNA相对表达量明显升高(P 0. 01);与模型组比较,各药物组URAT1 mRNA相对表达量显著下调(P 0. 01)。电泳图同样提示,正常组表达亮度减弱,模型组表达亮度显著增强,萆苓组、西药组表达亮度明显减弱。关节病理提示,与正常组比较,模型组大鼠关节病理损伤严重,可见大量炎细胞浸润及纤维增生,滑膜细胞变性、坏死。与模型组比较,萆苓祛痛方关节病变程度明显减低,见少量炎细胞浸润,滑膜上皮轻度增生。结论:具有泻浊解毒通络作用的萆苓祛痛方可显著提高糖尿病痛风大鼠骨骼肌组织SIRT3的蛋白表达量,下调URAT1 mRNA的表达量,减轻骨骼肌组织病理损伤,减低血清炎症因子CRP的含量,降低模型大鼠的血糖、血尿酸水平,有保护关节功能的作用。     

Progress in Treatment of Gout Using Chinese and Western Medicine

Gout is a crystal-related arthropathy resulting from the deposition of monosodium urate. Identifying appropriate treatments and novel drugs to decrease serum uric acid (SUA) levels and gout risk has been a major focus. By performing extensive literature review on the pathogenesis and Chinese and Western medicine treatment of gout, this paper aimed to identify novel targets for effective control of acute gout attacks and long-term reduction of SUA. In addition, we aimed to provide new directions for the improvement of therapeutic measures and the development of drugs. Although Western medicine can significantly contribute to the treatment of gout, Chinese herbal medicine has unique advantages, including reduced adverse reactions and higher patient compliance. It may also fill in the shortcomings of Western medicine in the intermittent period treatment of gout. In addition to constantly exploring pathogenesis and drug targets, research on Chinese herbal medicine is equally important. The combination of Chinese and Western medicine has proven to become an important direction for gout treatment.     

Chronic tophaceous gout as the first manifestation of gout in two cases and a review of the literature

ObjectivesAcute gout is a common arthritis that may eventually develop into chronic tophaceous gout (CTG). CTG usually is manifested by recurrent gout attacks. The diagnosis and treatment of CTG is challenging. Although the emergence of CTG without previous gout attacks is uncommon, it is important to recognize this unusual gout presentation.MethodsHerein, we present two cases of CTG, occurring in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on diuretics, who presented without a prior history of acute gout attacks. We also searched PUBMED, Ovid MEDLINE, and Google scholar (1970–2017), for “tophi as the initial manifestation of gout” and “chronic gout without previous attacks”, and extracted relevant data.ResultsThe search disclosed one retrospective study and several case reports and case series describing 96 patients. Clinical and laboratory data was extracted from 34 patients. We found that a specific group of patients, e.g., elderly patients, most often female patients, suffering from CKD, and treated with diuretics, are specifically reported in the English medical literature to present with CTG as their first manifestation of gout.ConclusionThe two cases and our literature review try to emphasize the many faces of chronic gout, in particular, its presentation without previous gout attacks.     

中药在痛风疾病中的应用及其作用机制研究进展

痛风是仅次于糖尿病的第2大代谢类疾病,在全球范围内发病率较高,痛风作为一种常见且复杂的关节炎类疾病,如果不及时得到治疗,将会损伤关节,严重时还会发生肾结石甚至是肾衰竭,危及生命。虽然西药在治疗痛风领域中也取得了显著的成果,但是西药在治疗痛风时常常伴随胃肠道反应、肝脏损伤等不良反应,且在停药后易复发,使得根治痛风成为一个难题。我国传统中药应用于痛风已有较为悠久的历史,中药具有多成分多靶点的特点,不仅能通过抑制尿酸产生相关酶的活性而降低尿酸(UA)生成,亦能通过促进尿酸排泄而降低尿酸,除降尿酸作用外大部分应用于痛风邻域的中药还能有效缓解关节炎症;中药药性温和,在发挥痛风治疗作用时不良反应的发生率明显低于西药,部分中药甚至能够在发挥作用的同时对肾脏具有保护作用,所以中药有望解决根治痛风这一难题。近年来,国内外对应用于痛风邻域的中药进行了大量研究,通过对近10年中药在痛风疾病中的应用研究进行总结,并对作用机制和物质基础进行归纳分析,以期能够为中药防治痛风相关研究提供参考。     

清热排毒胶囊治疗湿热蕴结型急性痛风性关节炎临床观察

目的:观察清热排毒胶囊治疗急性痛风的临床疗效。方法:将80例急性痛风患者采用随机数字表法随机分为两组。对照组急性期给予秋水仙碱1 mg(3次/d),口服至疼痛明显好转后停用,缓解期给予别嘌醇片50 mg(3次/d)口服治疗。治疗组西医治疗同对照组,同时全程加服清热排毒胶囊(萆薢、土茯苓、延胡索、没药、三七、秦艽、薏苡仁、黄芪、甘草),每次4粒,3次/d。疗程均为4周。观察两组临床疗效、急性复发例数,以及血尿酸的水平变化。结果:治疗组治愈20例,好转18例,未愈2例,有效率为95.00%(38/40)。对照组治愈16例,好转20例,未愈4例,有效率为90.00%(36/40)。两组对比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。治疗后两组中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.01),但两组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:清热排毒胶囊治疗急性痛风疗效显著。     

刘立华治疗痛风经验

刘立华教授治疗痛风遵循急则治其标、缓则治其本的原则,进行辨证论治与分期分型论治。痛风性关节炎急性发作期,痰湿热毒瘀阻较甚,关节局部病变突出,以标证为主,当急则治其标,治疗上以清热利湿、凉血活血、通络止痛为原则,方用四妙散加减;间歇期或慢性期,一般疼痛症状表现不明显,或仅表现为高尿酸血症,标证基本已去或者轻微,多采用补脾肾、调气血之法,兼顾祛邪,此当缓则治其本,方用养血治痹汤合六味地黄丸加减。标本兼顾,疗效颇佳,充分发挥中医药治疗痛风不易复发的优势。     

当代名老中医治疗急性痛风性关节炎经验用药规律

目的:基于中医传承辅助平台软件,挖掘当代名老中医治疗急性痛风性关节炎的用药规律。方法:收集文献中名老中医治疗急性痛风性关节炎的处方,采用关联规则分析、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类以及无监督的熵层次聚类分析方法,获得药物的使用频次及关联规则,挖掘药物的核心组合和新处方。结果:对筛选出的141个中药处方,228味药物进行分析,确定处方中药物的使用频次,药物之间的关联规则,挖掘出28组常用药对,18个核心组合和9首新处方。结论:清热祛湿、解毒消肿、活血止痛是急性痛风性关节炎的基本治疗原则,湿、热、毒、瘀为关键的发病机制。     

子午流注火针刺法对急性痛风性关节炎的临床疗效观察

目的选择急性痛风性关节炎患者为研究对象,基于子午流注理论采用火针治疗方式,观察临床疗效及对血清尿酸水平的影响。方法将符合急性痛风纳入标准的60例随机分组,治疗组采用基于子午流注火针疗法,对照组采用口服依托考昔及少量秋水仙碱。疗程1周,观察对比患者治疗前后临床证候(关节疼痛、压痛、红肿及活动度)积分、疗效指数及血清尿酸水平。结果治疗组总有效率达100.00%,明显优于对照组总有效率83.33%(P<0.01);治疗组血清尿酸降低水平优于对照组。结论子午流注火针疗法可明显改善急性痛风患者的临床症状,降低血清尿酸水平。