cTEE、cTCD及TEE对卵圆孔未闭的临床诊断价值

目的：探讨经胸右心声学造影（cTTE）、经颅多普勒发泡试验（cTCD）及食道心超（TEE）等检查对卵圆孔未闭（PFO）的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析比较140例温州医科大学附属第一医院成功行PFO封堵术患者（A组）与右心导管检查未见PFO患者（B组）的临床资料,包括临床基线资料、cTTE、cTCD及TEE。比较两组间在cTTE、cTCD分流量大小、TEE卵圆孔大小差异及cTTE气泡出现的时间差异,并绘制这些指标诊断PFO的ROC曲线。结果：cTTE下A组与B组比中-大量分流占比更大。在静息状态、瓦氏动作后和总评分情况下A组中-大量分流占比均显著大于B组（67.35% vs. 42.86%,P =0.04;100.00% vs. 71.42%,P ＜0.001;81.63% vs. 51.43%,P =0.004）。cTCD下A组与B组相比中-大量分流占比更大（75.90% vs. 19.35%,P ＜0.001）。TEE下A组与B组相比PFO裂隙更大（2.18±0.78 vs. 1.19±0.78,P ＜0.001）。用cTTE、cTCD、TEE等指标做PFO诊断的ROC曲线,结果提示cTCD、TEE两个指标ROC曲线下面积较大,具有较好的敏感度和特异度（P ＜0.05）。在cTTE气泡出现的时间方面,A组气泡出现时间小于等于5个心动周期的患者比例显著大于B组（73.47% vs.42.86%,P =0.007）。结论：cTCD、TEE检查对于PFO有较好的预测价值,综合价值优于cTTE检查。     

Effect of Elemental Powder Size on Foaming Behavior of NiTi Alloy Made by Combustion Synthesis

Nickel titanium (NiTi) foams were made by combustion synthesis of powders with the help of ZrH₂ as foaming agent and TiB₂ as endothermic agent. In this paper, we investigated the effect of elemental powder size on the foaming. The powder size of Ni and Ti affected the ignition temperature of the combustion reaction, cell morphology and microstructure of the foams. The cell morphology of the foams was also modified by the powder size of TiB₂.     

Major nutrient compositions and functional properties of sorghum flour at 0–3 days of grain germination

Germination is of importance to improving nutritional attributes of cereal grains for human consumption. The effect of germination time on major nutrient compositions and functional properties of sorghum flour was investigated in this study. Grains of Butanua, a new Sudanese sorghum cultivar, were germinated for 0,?1,?2, and 3 days to analyze their chemical and functional properties. The contents of starch, protein, oil, foaming stability, bulk density, and least gelation concentration of sorghum flour decreased, whereas oil absorption capacity, foaming capacity, and emulsion capacity and stability enhanced with an increase in germination time. Improved functional properties of sorghum flour by germination of the grains not only make it useful and suitable for various food processing formulations, but also improve the food product quality. This new finding will beneficially help develop innovative technologies, design new types of functional foods, and promote both sorghum production and relevant food processing industry in the future.     

微波发泡制备三聚氰胺甲醛泡沫塑料及其性能

用三聚氰胺、甲醛和DJ-1型增韧剂在碱性条件下制备了改性三聚氰胺甲醛树脂,将其与表面活性剂、发泡剂、固化剂充分混合搅拌,采用微波发泡炉在一定的功率下进行发泡制备三聚氰胺泡沫塑料。研究了增韧剂的用量、微波功率和发泡时间对泡沫结构和性能的影响。并用光学显微镜、TGA、驻波管对三聚氰胺泡沫塑料的泡孔结构、热学性能和声学性能进行了测试和分析。研究表明：当发泡液质量为50 g时,最佳发泡功率为2 kW, 最佳发泡时间为60 s;DJ-1型增韧剂的加入使泡沫的韧性提高,当其质量分数为10%时,泡沫的拉伸强度达到0.112 MPa;泡沫的分解温度约400 ℃,此时的质量残留率接近60%;泡沫在中高频（≥1 000 Hz）区域的吸声系数高达0.9以上。     

不同干预方法对发泡性化疗药物静脉炎的防护效果研究

目的 探讨不同方法预防发泡性化疗药物导致静脉炎的临床效果.方法 2009年12月～2011年4月在该院首次行诺维本干预的216例恶性肿瘤患者(肺癌),在注射化疗药物后分别使用康惠尔溃疡贴、自制青黛、肝素钠软膏3种不同药物外敷,观察各组静脉炎的发生率、疼痛缓解时间.结果 ①康惠尔溃疡贴组静脉炎发生率为25.86％,青黛软膏组静脉炎发生率为32.88％,肝素钠软膏组静脉炎发生率为32.88％;②216例患者化疗后68例静脉炎平均治愈时间为(5.13±1.38)d,康惠尔溃疡贴组平均治愈时间为(4.19±0.57)d,青黛软膏组平均治愈时间为(5.17±0.12)d,肝素钠软膏平均治愈时间为(6.57±0.47)d.不同外敷组化疗后静脉炎治愈时间差异有统计学意义(F=144.479,P=0.0000);③经x 2检验显示,不同外敷组之间疼痛缓解时间差异有统计学意义(X2=22.020,P＜0.05).结论 ①康惠尔溃疡贴、青黛膏、肝素钠软膏均能降低静脉炎的发生率.②康惠尔溃疡贴预防静脉炎效果好,使用方便,能更好地降低患者的费用和节省护士的工作时间.     

聚丙烯接枝改性及其挤出发泡研究

以有机过氧化物为引发剂，以双螺杆挤出机为反应器，将线型不饱和聚酯(ULP)接枝到聚丙烯(PP)分子链上。通过FTIR、DSC及凝胶含量测试，对MPP的结构和性能进行了研究，表明PP发生了接枝反应；泷变性能和熔体流动速率(MFR)测定表明，接枝反应有效地改善了PP流变性能，用双螺杆挤出机对未接枝和接枝的PP进行了发泡研究，SEM分析表明接枝PP具有更好的发泡效果。     

Respiratory symptoms associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in a plastics injection molding facility

Respiratory health variables were studied cross-sectionally in 227 employees of a plastics molding facility where numerous complaints had been apparently associated with the use of azodicarbonamide foaming agent in injection molding. Pre- and postshift respiratory status measures and azodicarbonamide concentrations were also obtained for 17 employees. Cross-sectional pulmonary function differences by injection molding status were not observed. Modest decrements in pulmonary function measures were observed between start and end of shift but with no dose-effect relationship. A strong association was observed for injection molding workers for eye/nose/throat irritation, cough, and wheezing. Additionally, wheezing, chest tightness, and symptoms of chronic bronchitis were strongly associated with work in injection molding during periods in which azodicarbonamide was in use. These results suggest respiratory symptom causation by some combination of azodicarbonamide itself, reaction products of azodicarbonamide formed during injection molding, or other unidentified agents uniquely associated with the process of injection molding with azodicarbonamide foaming agent.     

两种表皮移植方法治疗白癜风的比较

为比较加温负压发疱和生物发疱两种方法治疗白癜风的疗效,作者治疗５９例病人共９３处皮损,其中加温负压发疱法治疗３７处皮损,成功率８１％,生物发疱法治疗５６处皮损,成功率９１％,由于前者获到的皮片小、所需皮片多,术后有补丁样外观,完全恢复时间较长,仅适合于小面积皮损患者,而后者皮片可根据皮损的大小、形态任意取栽,术后无明显补丁样外观,完全恢复时间亦较短,且所需设备较简单,操作更为方便。     

Investigation of Moisture Dissipation of Water-Foamed Asphalt and Its Influence on the Viscosity

Water-foamed asphalt is capable of improving the workability of asphalt mixture. It has been extensively used for its energy-saving and emission-reducing features. Water plays an essential part in improving the workability of water-foamed asphalt mixture. However, there is still lack in profound studies of moisture dissipation of the water-foamed asphalt over time and its influence on workability. In this study, the evolutions of residual water content and rotational viscosity of the water-foamed asphalt with time were respectively measured by the analytical balance and modified rotational viscometer (RV). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis was conducted to discuss the mechanism of viscosity reduction of water-foamed asphalt. The results showed that moisture evaporation is significantly influenced by the foaming water content and ambient temperature, which results in the different stabilizing time of water-foamed asphalt. When water-foamed asphalt was stabilized, the residual water inside the asphalt was less than 0.01% relative to the asphalt mass. The AFM analysis showed that the foaming process changed the distribution of wax in the water-foamed asphalt resulting in reduction of viscosity. The viscosity reduction of asphalt is highly related to the initial foaming water content. After the foaming process, the viscosity keeps stable and is independent of moisture dissipation.     

基于经典成核理论的聚乙烯自由发泡中成核过程研究

研究了聚乙烯自由发泡中的成核过程。通过提出合理的假设,依据经典成核理论推导了发泡剂质量分数和温度对气泡成核过程的影响,结果表明,随着发泡剂质量分数的增加,成核密度不断增加,成核加速度也逐渐增大;随着温度的升高,成核密度先增加,直至达到最大成核密度并保持不变,但温度进一步升高,成核密度反而减小。推导结果与实验结果基本一致,说明经典成核理论能较好地描述自由发泡成核的过程。