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《The ocular surface》2020,18(4):901-911
PurposeThe long-term success of visual rehabilitation in patients with severe conjunctival scarring is reliant on the reconstruction of the conjunctiva with a suitable substitute. The purpose of this study is the development and investigation of a re-epithelialized conjunctival substitute based on porcine decellularized conjunctiva (PDC).MethodsPDC was re-epithelialized either with pre-expanded human conjunctival epithelial cells (PDC + HCEC) or with a human conjunctival explant placed directly on PDC (PDC + HCEx). Histology and immunohistochemistry were performed to evaluate epithelial thickness, proliferation (Ki67), apoptosis (Caspase 3), goblet cells (MUC5AC), and progenitor cells (CK15, ΔNp63, ABCG2). The superior construct (PDC + HCEx) was transplanted into a conjunctival defect of a rabbit (n = 6). Lissamine green staining verified the epithelialization in vivo. Orbital tissue was exenterated on day 10 and processed for histological and immunohistochemical analysis to examine the engrafted PDC + HCEx. A human-specific antibody was used to detect the transplanted cells.ResultsFrom day-14 in vitro onward, a significantly thicker epithelium and greater number of cells expressing Ki67, CK15, ΔNp63, and ABCG2 were noted for PDC + HCEx versus PDC + HCEC. MUC5AC-positive cells were found only in PDC + HCEx. The PDC + HCEx-grafted rabbit conjunctivas were lissamine-negative during the evaluation period, indicating epithelial integrity. Engrafted PDC + HCEx showed preserved progenitor cell properties and an increased number of goblet cells comparable to those of native conjunctiva.ConclusionPlacing and culturing a human conjunctival explant directly on PDC (PDC + HCEx) enables the generation of a stable, stratified, goblet cell-rich construct that could provide a promising alternative conjunctival substitute for patients with extensive conjunctival stem and goblet cell loss.  相似文献   
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Particulate matter from diesel exhaust (DEP) has toxic properties and can activate intracellular signaling pathways and induce metabolic changes. This study was conducted to evaluate the activation of extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK) and c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase (JNK) and to analyze the mucin profile (acid (AB+), neutral (PAS+), or mixed (AB/PAS+) mucus) and vacuolization (V) of tracheal explants after treatment with 50 or 100 μg/mL DEP for 30 or 60 min. Western blot analyses showed small increases in ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation after 30 min of 100 μg/mL DEP treatment compared with the control. An increase in JNK phosphorylation was observed after 60 min of treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP compared with the control. We did not observe any change in the level of ERK1/2 phosphorylation after treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP. Other groups of tracheas were subjected to histological sectioning and stained with periodic acid‐Schiff (PAS) reagent and Alcian Blue (AB). The stained tissue sections were then subjected to morphometric analysis. The results obtained were compared using ANOVA. Treatment with 50 μg/mL DEP for 30 min or 60 min showed a significant increase (p < 0.001) in the amount of acid mucus, a reduction in neutral mucus, a significant reduction in mixed mucus, and greater vacuolization. Our results suggest that compounds found in DEPs are able to activate acid mucus production and enhance vacuolization and cell signaling pathways, which can lead to airway diseases. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 30: 1297–1308, 2015.  相似文献   
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目的 比较改良贴壁组织块法与改良Ⅰ型胶原酶消法对SD大鼠颞下颌关节髁突软骨下骨成骨细胞的增殖效果.方法 取10只出生1 -3dSD乳鼠颞下颌关节髁突软骨下骨,将骨片平分成2份,分别采用改良贴壁组织块法和改良Ⅰ型胶原酶消法培养颞下颌关节髁突成骨细胞,并标记为Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组,通过细胞形态学观察、HE染色、ALP染色鉴定成骨细胞.取第4代成骨细胞进行细胞计数、MTT生长曲线及流式细胞仪周期分析,比较2种原代培养方法对成骨细胞增殖能力的异同.结果 (1)Ⅰ组和Ⅱ组培养的细胞经鉴定均为成骨细胞; (2) Ⅱ组成骨细胞总量约为Ⅰ组细胞总量的1.5倍; (3) Ⅱ组成骨细胞MTT生长曲线较Ⅰ组细胞提前2d进入对数生长期及达到生长高峰; (4)2组细胞在达到第4代时,细胞周期含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 改良贴壁组织块法和改良Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法均适用于颞下颌关节软骨下骨成骨细胞的培养,但改良Ⅰ型胶原酶消化法可以更快速有效地获得大量成骨细胞.  相似文献   
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目的:对延龄草外植体的筛选及灭菌条件和培养基进行优化,降低污染率和褐变率,建立延龄草根茎无菌组织培养体系。方法:从延龄草子房、叶、茎、地下根茎、根尖5种材料中筛选出最适宜的外植体,考察多种药液交替灭菌和培养基中添加抗生素对降低组培污染率的影响,研究培养基中添加抗坏血酸(V_C),聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),活性炭对降低褐变率的效果。结果:地下根茎为延龄草组织培养最适宜的外植体,可采用紫外线照射30 min,800倍多菌灵浸泡30 min和0.2%Hg Cl_2处理20 min交替灭菌,培养基中添加100 mg·L~(-1)氨苄青霉素和1.0 g·L~(-1)活性炭可降低根茎组培污染率和褐变率。结论:建立了低污染率和褐变率的延龄草根茎无菌培养体系,为其他根茎类植物组织培养提供参考。  相似文献   
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目的观察载脂蛋白E(apolipoprotein E,ApoE)各个亚型对神经元轴突生长锥的影响并探索其机制。方法体外培养小鼠皮质神经块,加入重组人类ApoE到神经块培养基中,免疫荧光和Western blot检测重组人类ApoE能否进入轴突及其生长锥;鬼丙环肽染色生长锥观察重组人类ApoE2、3、4对生长锥的影响;加入细胞外信号调节激酶(extracel-lular signal-regulated kinase,ERK)信号通路抑制剂,观察ERK信号通路是否参与ApoE亚型对生长锥的影响。结果免疫荧光和Western blot显示加入重组人类ApoE后的神经块轴突及其生长锥中ApoE为阳性;加入重组人类ApoE2、3、4组的荧光强度分别为(50.7±19.4)、(58.5±15.4)、(23.4±13.5),其中加入重组人类ApoE4的轴突生长锥荧光强度低于加入重组人类ApoE2、3的生长锥荧光强度(P<0.05);同时加入重组人类ApoE4和ERK信号通路抑制剂的实验组生长锥荧光强度为(32.8±13.2),而仅加入重组人类ApoE4的实验组生长锥荧光强度为(21.9±6.9),实验组生长锥荧光强度高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论重组人类ApoE能进入轴突及其生长锥,ApoE4能负性影响生长锥生长,阻断ERK信号途径能抑制ApoE4对生长锥的负面影响。  相似文献   
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《Human immunology》2022,83(1):74-80
This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of vitamin D (VD) on the NLRP1 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in placental explants from preeclamptic (PE) and normotensive (NT) pregnant women. Placental explants from eight PE and eight NT pregnant women were cultured with or without hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), VD or H2O2 + VD. Gene and protein expression of NLRP1, NLRP3, HMGB1, caspase-1, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-18 were determined by qPCR and Western blotting/ELISA. Compared to NT pregnant women, the endogenous gene expression of NLRP1, NLRP3, HMGB1, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-18 was significantly higher in explants from PE and became decreased after VD treatment. Similarly, VD decreased the protein expression of NLRP1, NLRP3, caspase-1, HMGB1, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-18 in PE. Placental explants from NT cultured with H2O2 showed increased gene and protein expression of NLRP1, NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, TNF-α and HMGB1, while H2O2 was also able to increase TNF-α and caspase-1 gene expression in PE. Treatment with H2O2 + VD decreased gene/protein expression of NLRP1, NLRP3, caspase-1, HMGB1, IL-1β, TNF-α and IL-18 in PE and NT explants with H2O2. NLRP1 and NLRP3 are upregulated in the PE. VD may play an immunomodulatory role in the placental inflammation and downregulates oxidative stress induced in vitro by H2O2.  相似文献   
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