东北苦菜UPLC指纹图谱建立及化学模式识别

目的建立东北苦菜Ixeris vesicolor DC.UPLC指纹图谱,并进行化学模式识别。方法东北苦菜甲醇提取物的分析采用CORTECS C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×150 mm,1.6μm);流动相0.1%磷酸水⁃乙腈,梯度洗脱;体积流量0.1 mL/min;检测波长(1~15 min,327 nm;15~50 min,360 nm);柱温35℃;进样量2μL。采用相似度分析和化学模式识别技术相结合的方法对其进行质量评价。结果10批样品指纹图谱中有19个共有峰,相似度均大于0.953。通过聚类分析将样品分成2类,主成分分析结果支持聚类分析结果,采用正交偏最小二乘法⁃判别分析筛选出了导致不同批次药材质量差异的3个共有峰,指认出2号峰(绿原酸)和12号峰(木犀草素)。结论该方法稳定可靠,可系统、全面地评价东北苦菜的药材质量。     

川芎-天麻配伍对川芎中2种成分在大鼠脑内药动学的影响

目的探讨川芎⁃天麻配伍对川芎中川芎嗪、阿魏酸在大鼠脑内药动学的影响。方法18只大鼠随机分成川芎组、川芎⁃天麻(1∶0.25)组、川芎⁃天麻(1∶1)组,每组6只,建立血瘀型偏头痛模型。灌胃给药后,于大鼠脑内插入微透析探针,收集不同时间点脑透析液,UPLC⁃MS/MS法检测川芎嗪、阿魏酸含有量,绘制血药浓度⁃时间曲线,计算药动学参数。结果与单味药组比较,配伍组2种成分T1/2[川芎⁃天麻(1∶1)组阿魏酸除外]、MRT0~∞、Cmax、AUC0~∞升高(P<0.05,P<0.01);川芎⁃天麻(1∶0.25)组两者T1/2、MRT0~∞、AUC0~∞高于川芎⁃天麻(1∶1)组(P<0.05,P<0.01),川芎嗪Cmax降低(P<0.05)。结论天麻可提高川芎中川芎嗪、阿魏酸脑组织吸收程度,延长作用时间,减缓消除速率,增加蓄积,其作用强度与天麻剂量有关。     

柴葛芩连汤联合常规治疗对湿热闭肺型小儿支气管肺炎患者的临床疗效

目的考察柴葛芩连汤联合常规治疗对湿热闭肺型小儿支气管肺炎患者的临床疗效。方法 137例患者随机分为对照组(68例)和观察组(69例),对照组给予常规治疗(吸氧、布洛芬、头孢美唑钠、喜炎平注射液),观察组在对照组基础上加用柴葛芩连汤,疗程10 d。检测临床疗效、恢复情况、血清炎症因子(CRP、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α)、中医证候评分变化。结果观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05),恢复情况(除X线全胸片消失时间外)更明显(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组炎症因子水平、中医证候评分降低(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05)。结论柴葛芩连汤可缓解湿热闭肺型小儿支气管肺炎患者症状,其机制可能与下调血清CRP、IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平有关。     

加味温胆汤对急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠心肌能量代谢和超微结构的影响

目的通过对急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭(HFMI)大鼠模型给药治疗,评估加味温胆汤对大鼠心肌能量代谢水平和心肌超微结构的影响。方法SD雄性大鼠随机分为两组,每组15只,造模组通过手术结扎冠状动脉左前降支造模,假手术组完成穿刺但并未结扎左前降支,术后饲养72 h,对两组大鼠进行慢性心衰评分并加以比较。将造模组15只大鼠分为3组,每组5只,中药组经口喂加味温胆汤,曲美他嗪组给予曲美他嗪溶液,对照组喂养生理盐水,给药4周后空腹抽取3组鼠尾静脉血,检测并比较各组大鼠心肌能量代谢因子:血清肌钙蛋白(cTnI)、心肌过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ辅激活因子1α(PGC-1α)水平;进行超声检查,测定并比较左室射血分数(LVEF);采集心肌样本进行HE染色(核染)和Masson染色(纤染),对心肌超微结构完整性进行评分。结果治疗4周后,中药组、曲美他嗪组大鼠LVEF数值均较治疗前显著增加(P<0.05),对照组与治疗前相比降低(P<0.05),但治疗后中药组大鼠LVEF数值高于曲美他嗪组(P<0.05);与治疗前相比,3组大鼠血清cTnI、PGC-1α表达水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),中药组<曲美他嗪组<对照组;治疗4周后,3组大鼠心肌超微结构完整性评分比较差异也具有统计学意义(P<0.05),中药组<曲美他嗪组<对照组。结论加味温胆汤对急性心肌梗死后心力衰竭大鼠的心肌能量代谢具有促进作用,对心肌超微结构的完整性具有保护作用,并能有效改善大鼠的心功能。     

Graft rinse prior to reperfusion in liver transplantation: literature review and online survey within the Eurotransplant community

Graft rinse prior reperfusion in liver transplantation (LT) is believed to reduce the incidence of postreperfusion syndrome and improve clinical outcome. A MEDLINE search was performed to obtain a comprehensive review of the published literature dealing with graft rinse in LT. Moreover, all thirty‐four LT centers in the Eurotransplant (ET) region were invited to participate in an online survey to whether or not graft rinse is performed and whether further research in the field is needed. Seventeen reports have been found to investigate graft rinse protocols in 1894 LT recipients. Eighteen of the thirty centers that participated in the online survey performed graft rinse prior reperfusion in LT. The most commonly used rinse solution was albumin. Nineteen centers stated interest in participating in a multicenter RCT in the field. The published literature does not provide concluding appraisal of the benefit of graft rinse in LT. Graft rinse protocols are not standardized and are based on personal experience. Appropriately designed clinical trials addressing the topic are demanded. The online survey appears to be a helpful tool for the evaluation of clinical practice and future research topics in the transplant community.     

念珠菌与口腔扁平苔藓关系的临床研究

目的：阐明口腔扁平苔藓（Oral lichen planus,OLP）与白色念珠菌（candida albicans,CA）关系同时,明确其与非白念致病性念珠菌关系.方法：选取40例糜烂型及非糜烂型OLP患者及20例健康志愿者.采用含漱液浓缩培养法,并结合应用芽管试验、厚膜孢子形成试验及温度试验常规培养等方法分离、鉴定各组中致病念珠菌菌种.结果：糜烂型OLP组念珠菌培养阳性率（60%）显著高于非糜烂型OLP组（25%）和对照组（15%）的念珠菌阳性培养率（p＜0.01）.糜烂型OLP组念珠菌阳性培养菌落数显著高于对照组及非糜烂型OLP组念珠菌阳性培养菌落数.糜烂型OLP中CA分离率（64%）,显著低于非糜烂型OLP组（88%）（p＜0.05）和对照组（100%）（p＜0.01）中CA分离率.糜烂型OLP中都柏林念珠菌（Candida dubliniensis,CD）分离率（14.1%）高于非糜烂型OLP组中CD分离率（4%）（p＜0.05）.其他非白念致病念珠菌的分离率也以糜烂型OLP组（21.9%）为最高,显著高于非糜烂型OLP组（8%）（p＜0.05）.结论：糜烂型OLP所伴念珠菌感染主要为CA.糜烂型OLP所伴念珠菌感染的念珠菌菌种复杂,非白念致病菌念珠菌尤其是CD起着重要作用.     

Resistance to fracture of restored endodontically treated teeth

Abstract Endodontically treated teeth were restored by 8 different methods. Copper rings were filled with commercial hard setting cement and the teeth were placed into the cement to the level of the cemento-enamel junction. The teeth were grouped according to restorative methods, mounted in an Instron T.T. machine and subjected to a slowly increasing compressive force until fracture occurred. The force of fracture for each tooth was recorded and the results in the various groups compared. All teeth fractured in a similar manner, irrespective of restorative method used. Preparation of a post space in the roots significantly weakened the teeth. Cementation of a steel parapost with zinc oxyphosphate cement did not significantly strengthen the teeth. Filling the post space and the access cavity with a composite resin following acid etching of the root canal and cavity walls strengthened the teeth more than other methods used to restore them. This finding may be of clinical importance, for instance in the restoration of endodontically treated young teeth with incomplete root formation and wide root canals.