Expression of alpha-defensin-1 in chronic hyperplastic candidosis

BACKGROUND: Chronic hyperplastic candidosis (CHC) represents a chronic opportunistic candida infection. We clarified the presence, localization and participation of alpha-defensin-1 in host response against chronic candidal stimulus. METHODS: Immunohistochemically stained CHC biopsies (n = 10) were compared to candida negative idiopathic leukoplakia (n = 10). RESULTS: In CHC alpha-defensin-1 was detected in neutrophils intravascularly, in lamina propria and in the epithelium, in part in intraepithelial microabscesses. Staining intensity of individual neutrophils varied and was associated with peri- and extracellular staining, in particular in the superficial epithelial cell layers. In controls only very few homogeneously staining neutrophils were detected intravascularly without any extracellular alpha-defensin-1 deposition. CONCLUSIONS: Neutrophils form microabscesses and respond to Candida by activation and release of alpha-defensin-1 to peri- and extracellular matrix. This together with the epithelial cell migration from the basal layer to epithelial surface leads to alpha-defensin-1 rich protective shield in the most superficial epithelial cell layers.     

粤西地区气候与妇科三大常见感染相关性探

目的探讨粤西沿海地区季节气候与妇科门诊常见感染(细菌性、念珠菌性、滴虫)疾病的相关性.方法以妇科白带涂片多项检查快速染色技术(CTB)对妇科门诊就诊的7 042例患者做阴道分泌物常规检查,分春、夏、秋、冬季4组统计分析.结果春夏秋冬四季妇科门诊患者阴道分泌物的念珠菌检出率比较,差异有高度显著性(P＜0.01);细菌检出率无季节性差异(P＞0.05);滴虫检出率比较,亦无差异(P＞0.05).结论粤西地区妇科门诊病例念珠菌检出率受气候差异影响,夏秋季节明显高于冬春季节;而细菌和滴虫检出率则不受气候差异影响.     

Vulvovaginal candidiasis among symptomatic women of childbearing age attended at a Medical Analysis Laboratory in Franceville,Gabon

BackgroundVulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is one of the most common lower genital tract infections in women; this unpleasant and extremely embarrassing pathology is one of the main reasons for gynaecological consultation. In Gabon, the prevalence of VVC remains poorly described even though VVC is known to be the leading gynaecological condition in several countries. This retrospective cross-sectional study sought to assess the prevalence of VVC among symptomatic women in southeastern Gabon.MethodsClinical samples were collected from patients suspected to have VVC during a 2-year period (from January 2016 to December 2017). Gram staining of vaginal smears provided indications of vaginal flora and confirmed the presence of yeast. Sabouraud-chloramphenicol and chromID Candida media were used to isolate yeast, and species identification was performed using morphological tests and the Vitek 2 Compact automated system.ResultsFor the 873 patients included in this study, the prevalence of VVC was 28.52%. Eleven Candida species were identified, with greater representation of Candida albicans (82.73%) than of Non C. albicans candida (NCAC) (17.27%), which were distributed as follows: Candida famata (4.02%), Candida spp. (3.61%), Candida rugosa (3.21%), Candida lipolytica (1.61%), Candida parapsilosis (1.61%), Candida glabrata (1.21%), Candida tropicalis (0.80%), Candida krusei (0.40%), Candida dubliniensis (0.40%), and Candida sphaerica (0.40%).ConclusionThis study offers the first estimation of VVC among Gabonese women in childbearing age with the symptoms. It showed that VVC is very common in Gabon. C. albicans as the most commonly represented species.     

钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株的构建和鉴定

目的：构建白念珠菌钙调蛋白基因（CMD1）缺陷HS3酵母菌体,为进一步探讨钙调蛋白基因突变对真菌生长周期及致病性的影响奠定基础。方法：首先将含cmd1::TRP1置换序列的质粒I转化二倍体酵母菌株YPH501(his3trplural）,经Soutthern印迹法筛选出含TRP1序列的菌株。其次,将含CMD1序列的质粒Ⅱ转化以上TRP1阳性菌株,进行减数分裂后选择得到TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体。最后,将含trp1:HIS3置换序列质粒Ⅲ转化上述TRP1阳性单倍体菌株,用不含His培养基培养得到钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株。结果：经Southern印迹法证实cmd1：TRP1基因置换克隆;减数分裂后选择得到了TRP1阳性酵母菌株单倍体;质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后经不含His培养基培养得到CMD1缺陷HIS3菌株,接种于不含Trp倍养基上未见有菌落生长,说明质粒Ⅲ转化单倍体后已将his3TRP1转换成HIS3trp1。结论：成功构建了钙调蛋白基因缺陷HIS3酵母菌株,基因型为cmd1trp1HIS3。     

溶菌酶对酵母型真菌抗菌作用的实验观察

目的：探讨溶菌酶抗真菌作用。方法：在涂布接种白色念珠菌,新生陷球菌的沙保琼脂平板滴加５０－２０００μｇ的溶菌酶,于３７℃培养进行抑菌试验,在低倍显微镜下观察抑菌圈内实验菌的形态大小及细小菌落的形态特征,并涂片染色镜检,以加酶部位形成抑菌圈及抑菌圈内溶菌酶作用后的实验菌大小、形态结构及染色反应色镜检,以加酶部位形成抑菌圈及抑菌圈内溶菌酶作用后的实验菌大小、形态结构及染色反应判定溶菌酶的抗真菌作用。结     

COPD住院患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎76例临床分析

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）住院患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎的易感因素及防治对策.方法回顾性分析呼吸内科病房76例COPD并发白色念珠菌肺炎患者和同期76例无院内真菌感染的COPD患者的临床资料.结果 COPD患者并发白色念珠菌肺炎除了与患者的年龄和合并症有关外,还与广谱抗生素和糖皮质激素的应用、长期住院、各种侵入性操作以及全肠外营养的广泛开展等有密切关系.结论合理使用抗生素和糖皮质激素,减少不必要的侵袭性操作,机械通气者尽快脱机,尽可能进行胃肠内营养,改善胃肠道微生态环境,密切监测,及早治疗,可以有效防治COPD患者的真菌感染,改善其预后.     

奥硝唑联用醋酸氯己定对白色念珠菌的体外抗菌活性考察

目的:考察奥硝唑与醋酸氯己定联合用药对白色念珠菌的体外抗菌活性.方法:采用棋盘法设计,琼脂平板稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度 (MIC)值;计算分级抑菌浓度 (FIC)指数并判定联合效应, FIC≤ 0.5为协同作用, 0.5 2为拮抗作用.结果:奥硝唑与醋酸氯己定联合应用,其 MIC显著降低, FIC≤ 0.5.结论:奥硝唑与醋酸氯己定联合用药后,对白色念珠菌体外抗菌活性有协同作用.     

黄连体外抗白色念珠菌的实验研究

目的:探讨黄连对白色念珠菌的抗菌作用.方法:采用纸片定量加药法和平板稀释法体外测定黄连抗白色念珠菌的效果.结果:黄连有明显的抗白色念珠菌作用,最小抑菌浓度(MIC)为50 mg/mL.结论:黄连具有体外抑制白色念珠菌生长的作用.     

Chronic endogenous fungal endophthalmitis: diagnostic and treatment challenges: A case report

Rationale:Endogenous fungal endophthalmitis (EFE) is a sight-threatening complication of systemic fungemia. As the prevalence rises, treatment remains a challenge especially when there is a failure in first-line treatment or drug-resistant fungus. This case report studies a case of chronic EFE, focusing on the diagnostic procedures, treatment options, monitoring parameters and the treatment outcomePatient concerns:A 64-year-old man with underlying well controlled diabetes mellitus was treated with 2 weeks’ course of intravenous antifungal fluconazole for pyelonephritis as his blood culture grew Candida albicans. Concurrently, he complained of 3 months of bilateral painless progressive blurring of vision. At presentation, his visual acuity (VA) was light perception both eyes. Ocular examination revealed non granulomatous inflammation with dense vitritis of both eyes.Diagnosis:He was diagnosed with EFE but the condition responded poorly with the medications.Interventions:He was treated with intravitreal (IVT) amphotericin B and fluconazole was continued. Vitrectomy was performed and intraoperative findings included bilateral fungal balls in the vitreous and retina with foveal traction in the left eye. Postoperatively, vision acuity was 6/24, N8 right eye and 2/60, N unable for left eye with extensive left macular scar and hole. Vitreous cultures were negative. He received multiple IVT amphotericin B and was started on topical steroid eye drops for persistent panuveitis with systemic fluconazole. Ocular improvement was seen after switching to IVT and topical voriconazole. Despite this, his ocular condition deteriorated and he developed neovascular glaucoma requiring 3 topical antiglaucoma agents. Panretinal photocoagulation was subsequently performed.Outcomes:At 3 months’ follow-up, his vision acuity remained at 6/24 for right eye and 2/60 for the left eye. There was no recurrence of inflammation or infection in both eyes.Lessons:Voriconazole could serve as a promising broad spectrum tri-azole agent in cases of failure in first-line treatment or drug-resistant fungus.     

Facial Candidal Abscess in a Patient with Unknown Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction

Facial candidal abscess is an infection with a fungal cause which was presented in this case such a rarity. We report a rare case of facial abscess due to Candida species in a patient with unknown diabetes.

Materials and Methods

The patient presented with a longstanding firm swelling which occurred 2 weeks ago and did not show any improvement of healing process in spite of surgical and medical treatments. MRI examinations were conclusive and compatible with abscess, so she underwent surgical intervention. Facial candidal abscess was the final diagnosis.

Conclusions

We concluded that, in persistent abscesses, invasive candidiasis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of bacterial infections as it generally affects individuals with diabetes or general defects in the immune system, or those who use widespread antibiotics and steroids.