基于苗药五藤膏外敷对CIA大鼠炎性骨破坏的影响探讨苗医外治就近驱邪的作用＊

目的 通过研究明确苗药五藤膏外敷缓解胶原诱导性关节炎（CIA）大鼠关节局部炎症和骨破坏的机制，证实苗医外治就近驱邪的作用。方法 将70只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白组、模型组、苗药五藤膏高、中、低剂量组、扶他林组及IL-17阻断组，每组10只。除空白组外，其余6组均构建CIA模型，并给予相应的外敷治疗。观察大鼠一般情况，HE染色进行病理学分析，TRAP染色检测OC生成，ELISA检测各炎症因子的含量，RT-PCR和WB分别检测RANKL的基因及蛋白表达。结果 苗药五藤膏能改善CIA大鼠破骨细胞浸润及关节病理性结构，并降低RANKL蛋白、基因表达以及TNF-α、IL-1、IL-6、IL-17含量。结论 苗药五藤膏外敷剂对CIA大鼠的治疗机制可能与降低致炎因子的分泌，抑制RANKL及OC的表达相关。     

Immunohistochemical analysis of von Willebrand factor expression in myocardial tissues from autopsies of patients with ischemic heart disease

von Willebrand factor (VWF) plays a crucial role in hemostasis and thrombosis. VWF is involved in platelet attachment to the subendothelium, serving as a carrier protein for coagulation factor VIII. In this study, myocardial tissues from deceased patients with ischemic heart disease and a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction were subjected to immunohistochemistry to determine VWF expression. We examined 28 neutral formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded myocardial tissue samples obtained from the autopsies of patients who were diagnosed with ischemic heart disease within 48 h postmortem. Most myocardial cells were negative for VWF, although some cells showed nonspecific positivity. Elevated VWF expression was observed around myocardial cells undergoing remodeling, suggesting that endothelial proliferation occurred at these sites. In contrast, completely fibrotic myocardial foci did not show upregulated VWF expression. Positivity in fibrin deposition and hemorrhagic sites was observed. The same VWF expression characteristics as those observed in the human samples were observed in the mouse model. VWF immunostaining as an endothelial marker may be a useful supplementation to conventional staining techniques that are currently used in the diagnosis of ischemic heart disease in terms of examining the timing of myocardial remodeling in detail and highlighting the remodeling process.     

黄芩素调控 NLRP3 / Caspase-1 通路对牙周炎大鼠牙槽骨吸收的影响

目的 探索黄芩素调控核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域样受体蛋白 3 ( nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3, NLRP3) / 半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶 1 ( cysteine aspartate protease 1, Caspase1) 通路对牙周炎大鼠牙槽骨吸收的影响。 方法 将 40 只牙周炎大鼠随机分为模型组、 黄芩素组、 激活剂 组、 黄芩素 + 激活剂组, 另取 10 只正常作为对照组。 检测大鼠釉牙骨质界到牙槽嵴顶 (CEJ-AC) 的距离、 血清中白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、 转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 含量以及牙周组织病理变化、 IL-6、 TGF-β 阳性 表达和 NLRP3、 Caspase-1 蛋白表达。 结果 模型组大鼠 CEJ-AC、 NLRP3、 Caspase-1、 IL-6、 TGF-β 水平及 阳性表达水平以及蛋白表达水平均升高 (P< 0. 05); 经黄芩素干预后, 各项指标均降低 (P< 0. 05); 引入 激活剂明显削弱了黄芩素对牙周炎大鼠的抗炎作用。 结论 黄芩素通过抑制 NLRP3 / Caspase-1 通路减轻炎性反应, 控制牙槽骨吸收。     

认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死介入手术患者不良情绪及疾病感知的影响

目的探讨认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死(AMI)介入手术患者不良情绪及疾病感知的影响。方法72例AMI介入手术患者随机分为两组各36例,对照组给予常规护理干预,研究组在对照组基础上给予认知重构干预,比较两组的不良情绪、疾病感知以及治疗依从性。结果干预后,研究组的HAMA、HAMD评分均低于对照组,疾病感知各项评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组的治疗依从性为94.44%,高于对照组的75.00%(P<0.05)。结论认知重构干预对急性心肌梗死介入手术患者的不良情绪及疾病感知均有积极的影响,可提升患者的治疗依从性。     

Prevalence of periodontitis based on retrospective radiographic evaluation at dental hospital in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia: A retrospective study

ObjectivesThe contemporary information on the prevalence of periodontitis and associated risk factors is deficient in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Our aim was to measure the prevalence of periodontitis and associated risk factors among the Saudi population in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia who visited the University Dental Hospital.MethodsIn this retrospective study, the demographic data and medical and dental records of 700 subjects were examined. Bitewing radiographs were analyzed to measure the alveolar bone loss in posterior teeth by measuring the distance between the cementoenamel junction and the crest of the alveolar bone. A chi-square test was performed to compare the severity of periodontitis. A comparison of multivariate mean bone loss was performed using a t-test. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the predictors of periodontitis. A P-value equal to or under 0.05 reflected statistical significance.ResultsAmong 700 cases, the patients’ mean age was 35.6 ± 12.1; 52.6 % were male and 47.4 % were female. Overall periodontitis prevalence was 52.1 %. The distribution of mild, moderate, and severe periodontitis prevalence was 36.1 %, 14.1 %, and 1.8 %, respectively. The severity of periodontitis was statistically similar between males and females (p = 0.148); however, significantly more Saudi than non-Saudi patients had moderate periodontitis. Higher proportions of severe periodontitis were seen in the age group of over 50-years-old (p < 0.001) and in patients with poor oral hygiene (p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (p < 0.005), and hypertension (p < 0.002). Six total predictors of periodontitis were depicted, i.e., age > 50 years (OR = 3.73), poor OH status (OR = 2.24), BOP (OR = 3.35), presence of plaque (OR = 2.61), diabetes mellitus (OR = 3.19), and hypertension (OR = 3.62).ConclusionThe primary factors associated with the prevalence of periodontitis were age, nationality, diabetes, hypertension, BOP, plaque, and OH status. However, no association was observed between gender or cardiovascular disease and the prevalence of periodontitis in the studied population.     

儿童1型糖尿病骨密度变化及影响因素分析

目的 测定儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)患者骨密度(BMD),分析探讨骨密度变化的影响因素。方法 选取于2018年1月—2021年6月于我院收治的儿童1型糖尿病患者76例,收集性别、年龄、发病年龄、身高、体重、BMI、病程等基本资料,检测空腹血糖、空腹C肽、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、血碳酸氢根(HCO3-)、血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP),应用双能X线吸收测定法测定骨密度,获取Z值。结果 76例儿童1型糖尿病患者骨密度Z值为-0.93±2.14。HbA1c、病程与骨密度Z值呈负相关,差异具有统计学意义(分别B=-0.334,P<0.001;B=-0.191,P=0.017)。结论 儿童1型糖尿病患者骨密度低于健康儿童,血糖控制不良、病程长是1型糖尿病儿童骨密度减低的危险因素。     

特纳综合征患者骨质疏松的研究进展

特纳综合征(TS)是女性常见的性染色体异常疾病,与多种疾病共存。越来越多的证据表明TS患者有较高的骨质疏松患病率,本文就近年来TS中骨质疏松的危险因素及管理治疗的相关研究进展做一综述。