雌雄猕猴束缚时应激的情绪反应差异

目的：观察雌雄猕猴束缚时应激的情绪反应性别差异．方法：雌雄猕猴各5只，将其束缚30min观察反映应激的情绪反应的三个方面。并记录反应的强烈程度，进行对比．结果：束缚时雌猴的恐惧情绪与摆脱束缚的反应明显比雄猴强烈。表现为不停的挣扎、撕咬和不时发出叫声；雄猴则表现的相对平静．结论：束缚时雌猴应激的情绪反应比雄猴强烈，产生这种差异的原因可能是性别选择和性激素作用的结果。雌雄猴在种群生存和延续中所担负的功能不同。决定了应激时情绪反应的性别差异．     

The prevalence and some attributes of females in the sadomasochistic subculture: A second report

Nonprostitute women in the sadomasochism (S/M) subculture have been believed to be rare. A sample of 45 women from the S/M subculture of whom 34 were determined to be nonprostitutes was obtained. This sample is compared with a similar sample obtained by Breslow et al.(1985). Despite methodological differences between the present investigation and that of Breslow et al.,interstudy similarities permit conclusions about women in the S/M subculture in addition to the fact that they occur with sufficient frequency to study. The women become aware of their orientation as young adults and most are satisfied with it. They tend to be better educated and less often married than the general population. A majority designate themselves as heterosexual but a substantial minority are bisexual. They tend more often to prefer the submissive role but preference for the dominant role or no preference are found with considerable frequency. Oral sex and bondage are favored activities. A version of this report was presented at the Midwest Regional meeting of the Society for the Scientific Study of Sex, Big Rapids, Michigan, June 13, 1992.     

图的弱控制数及其束缚数

图的束缚数是图的控制数研究中一个很重要的方面，它在某种程度上反映了图的控制数对边数的敏感度．本文通过对图的结构特征的分析，研究了图的弱控制数及其束缚数，分别给出了紧的上界．     

Comparison of transvestism in Australia and America

Information concerning gender identity, sexual orientation, cross-dressing behavior, fetishism, and bondage was obtained from a questionnaire which was posted to members of two transvestite clubs, one in the United States and one in Australia. This study reports the responses of 136 American and 86 Australian self-designated transvestites who reported a period of fetishism to women's clothes at some stage of development. Characteristics of transvestism of subjects in both countries were remarkably similar: all were male, almost half the subjects first crossdressed in prepuberty, and in the large majority cross-dressing was well established by late adolescence; intense fetishism was usually experienced during adolescence but waned in later years; in almost a quarter of subjects fetishism ceased, although the desire to cross-dress continued; in many subjects transvestism was associated with fantasies of bondage, usually of the subjects bound while cross-dressed; sexual orientation was predominantly or exclusively heterosexual in more than three-quarters of the subjects. Subjects were categorized into two groups. One group, termed nuclear transvestites, were satisfied with cross-dressing. The second group, termed marginal transvestites, desired feminization by hormone ingestion or by surgical intervention. Marginal compared to nuclear transvesites reported significantly stronger feminine gender identity and tended to report a stronger interest in the homosexual direction. The differences appeared to be present from childhood. No significant differences were found between the nuclear and marginal transvestites with regard to characteristics of fetishism, bondage, and cross-dressing except that in the American group marginal transvestites currently cross-dressed more frequently than did nuclear transvestites.     

穿刺抽脓联合垫棉绑缚法治疗乳腺脓肿45例

目的:观察穿刺抽脓联合垫棉绑缚法治疗乳腺脓肿的临床疗效。方法:2015年3-11月就诊于北京中医医院乳腺科的乳腺脓肿患者均给予穿刺抽脓联合垫棉绑缚法治疗。结果:45例患者经治疗后,43例临床症状消失,伤口无明显出血及感染,有2例患者穿刺后疼痛明显,需服用止痛片方能缓解疼痛。穿刺次数为1~5次,创口1~2 d愈合,术后未见明显疤痕和乳房变形,经B超复查乳腺脓肿消失。结论:穿刺抽脓联合垫棉绑缚法治疗乳腺脓肿临床疗效显著。     

束缚应激对S180荷瘤小鼠Th1/Th2型细胞因子及肿瘤生长的影响

目的:观察束缚应激对荷S180瘤小鼠Th1/Th2型细胞因子及肿瘤生长的影响。方法:取腹腔传代第7天的肿瘤细胞S180,调细 胞密度至1×1010/L,注射于昆明小鼠右腋皮下,每只0.2 mL。接种后束缚限制活动,8 h/d,并设单纯束缚组、单纯肿瘤组和正常对照组。10 d后处死小鼠,剥取肿瘤称瘤重,计算胸腺指数,分别采用MTT比色法和丝裂原激活淋巴母细胞法检测脾T细胞增殖及产生Th1型细胞因子IL-2、IFN-γ的能力,并取血清用ELISA法检测Th2型细胞因子IL-4、IL-10的含量。结果:束缚应激可明显增加荷瘤小鼠的瘤重(P<0.01),降低小鼠胸腺指数和脾T细胞的增殖能力(P值分别<0.01),降低荷瘤小鼠脾细胞产生IL-2和IFN-γ的能力(P值分别<0.01),并可使小鼠血清IL-4、IL-10的含量明显增加(P值分别<0.01和<0.05)。结论:束缚应激可显著抑制荷瘤小鼠的细胞免疫功能,使产生Th1型细胞因子的功能减弱,Th2型细胞因子的含量增加,导致Th1/Th2细胞的平衡进一步向Th2细胞漂移。这可能是其促进肿瘤生长的重要机制。     

Sexual bondage: A review and unobtrusive investigation

To investigate unobtrusively how individuals experience sexual bondage, we analyzed all messages about sexual bondage (N =514) mailed to an international computerized discussion group on sexual bondage in 1990. The most frequent individual experience reported (n =60) was playful use of bondage to explore new areas of sexual pleasure. Other frequent experiences were the exchange of power, intensified sexual pleasure, and tactile stimulation and bodily sensations. Preference for the dominant-initiator role was expressed in 71% of the messages by male heterosexuals, 11% of the messages by heterosexual females, and 12% of the messages by homosexual males. Preference for the submissive-recipient role was expressed in 29% of the messages by heterosexual males, 89% by heterosexual females, and 88% by homosexual males. In 33% of messages subjects stated that sexual bondage occurred simultaneously with sadomasochism or was perceived as part of it.     

针刺不同穴位对不同应激模型大鼠迟发反应期IL-2影响的实验观察

目的通过观察针刺、束缚和致病因子对白细胞介素-2(IL-2)水平变化的影响及其作用规律,探明大鼠免疫功能失调状态下IL-2水平变化的特点,以揭示针刺免疫调控的机理。方法以佐剂性关节炎(AA)和束缚应激模型作为研究对象,对任脉六穴和关元穴进行电针刺激,采用放免法测定血清IL-2水平。结果与正常组比较,AA模型组、束缚模型组血清IL-2含量呈增高趋势,无显著性差异;与AA模型组、束缚模型组比较,AA六穴组、束缚六穴组和AA关元组、束缚关元组血清IL-2含量均有升高,AA关元组呈显著性差异(P<0.01),束缚关元组呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。结论针刺可上调AA模型大鼠、束缚模型大鼠血清IL-2的水平,对机体的免疫功能进行调节;关元穴的作用明显。     

弹力绷带在预防去骨瓣减压患者术后硬膜下积液中的作用

目的探讨早期应用弹力绷带在去骨瓣减压术后硬膜下积液中的预防作用。方法回顾性分析2008年1月~2014年12月我科因颅脑外伤行去骨瓣减压术63例资料,2012年1月后术后早期(3天内)给予弹力绷带(弹力绷带组,n=27),2011年12月前术后早期未应用弹力绷带(对照组,n=36)。比较2组硬膜下积液发生率及各部位硬膜下积液(同侧大脑凸面、对侧大脑凸面、同侧大脑镰旁)发生率。结果 27例(42.9%)出现硬膜下积液,早期应用弹力绷带组硬膜下积液发生率25.9%(7/27),较对照组(20/36,55.6%)明显降低(χ2=5.531,P=0.019)。早期应用弹力绷带组同侧大脑镰旁硬膜下积液发生率(1/27,3.7%)较对照组(12/36,33.3%)明显降低(χ2=8.271,P=0.004),其他部位硬膜下积液2组间比较无显著性差异。2组间硬膜下积液量的比较无显著性差异(t=-0.839,P=0.409)。结论硬膜下积液是去骨瓣减压术后常见的并发症,早期应用弹力绷带可显著降低术后硬膜下积液的发生率。     

子宫捆绑术治疗剖宫产产后出血的临床研究

目的探讨子宫捆绑术在治疗剖宫产术中宫缩乏力性产后出血的治疗价值。方法研究组35例剖宫产术中宫缩乏力性产后出血病例采用子宫捆绑术治疗,随机选择35例剖宫产术中宫缩乏力性产后出血病例作为对照组采用传统方法治疗,在手术时间、产后出血量、产褥病率以及有效率等方面对比两组术式的临床疗效。结果研究组病例治疗后临床效果显著,手术时间、产后出血量、产褥病率、有效率与对照组比较差异有统计学意义（p〈0.05）,无1例因血液循环不良或再出血而再次手术或子宫切除,无肠管嵌顿、异物残留等并发症发生,子宫复旧、月经复潮时间无异常。结论子宫捆绑术具有操作简单、止血迅速及安全易行等优点,早期应用可减少出血避免输血、医源性感染等并发症发生,并能保留生育功能,是治疗剖宫产术中宫缩乏力性产后出血行之有效的外科止血方法。