癌症生存者家庭适应相关测量工具的研究进展

介绍家庭适应的相关概念及起源,阐述家庭适应方面常用测量工具的发展历程、内容结构、适用人群、评分方法、信度与效度、应用现状等情况,以期能够指导临床工作者在实践过程中选择合适的家庭适应测量工具,旨在帮助研究者进一步开发适用于我国癌症生存者的特异性家庭适应测量工具。     

亲密伴侣暴力评估工具的研究进展

亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）是指亲密伴侣之间发生的威胁或虐待行为，其具体形式包括身体、精神或性伤害。现有研究表明，IPV可给受害者带来一系列身体和心理上的损伤，严重影响受害者的生活质量。准确评估IPV是制定针对性预防措施的前提和基础。然而，国内对IPV的研究尚处于起步阶段，针对IPV的评估工具缺乏。本文将国外常用的8种IPV评估工具分为研究工具和筛查工具，对各工具的主要内容、应用情况及特点进行综述，并对这8种评估工具的优缺点进行比较，旨在为我国IPV相关研究提供借鉴，为准确评估和识别IPV受害者提供依据。     

灰毡毛忍冬LmC3H1基因的克隆及表达模式与绿原酸含量相关性分析

目的:以灰毡毛忍冬为材料,克隆对-香豆酸3-羟化酶(LmC3H1)基因,进行生物信息学和表达模式分析,结合绿原酸含量,研究推测灰毡毛忍冬LmC3H1基因的功能。方法:通过逆转录聚合酶链式反应(RT-PCR)和RACE技术克隆LmC3H1基因的全长c DNA序列,对该序列进行生物信息学分析,并利用实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time PCR)和HPLC分别测定灰毡毛忍冬茎、叶及不同花期花中LmC3H1的相对表达量及绿原酸含量。结果:克隆得LmC3H1(Gen Bank:MN177695)基因,开放阅读框(ORF)长度为1 533 bp,编码510个氨基酸,推测其分子式为C_(2618)H_(4134)N_(718)O_(727)S_(22),相对分子质量为58 005.32,等电点8.92,为亲水性蛋白,定位于叶绿体中,具有跨膜区域LLLIPAVLFLISLVYPLI,含有细胞色素P450的保守结构域CYTOCHROME_P450(422-433 aa);Real-time PCR结果显示,LmC3H1在灰毡毛忍冬茎、叶及不同花期花有不同程度的表达,其中在花发育阶段,白色花蕾期相对表达量最高,花蕾初期及白色开花期次之;白色花蕾期花与茎、叶比,花的相对表达量最高,叶的最低;HPLC结果显示,从绿白色花蕾期到金黄色开花期绿原酸含量呈上升趋势,金黄色开花期含量最高,不同器官中,花中绿原酸最高,茎最低。结论:克隆得到灰毡毛忍冬LmC3H1基因,推测LmC3H1可能参与灰毡毛忍冬花绿原酸的生物合成。该研究为进一步研究该基因的功能及探究灰毡毛忍冬绿原酸生物合成和调节机制提供了依据,同时为遗传改良灰毡毛忍冬品质奠定了基础。     

Von Willebrand disease: diagnosis and management

Von Willebrand Disease is a common cause of excessive bruising and bleeding in children. This short article gives advice on diagnosis and management for paediatricians. Given its prevalence and presenting symptoms, VWD should always be considered in the assessment of children suspected of non-accidental injury. Its diagnosis can be challenging, not only because of the various subtypes of the disorder but because of the considerable overlap between VWD and normal individuals. Laboratory diagnosis requires a range of quantitative and qualitative tests of the VWF protein, with targeted gene analysis increasingly used to confirm the diagnosis of type 2 and type 3 VWD. Bleeding Assessment Tools may be helpful in directed laboratory testing but are often less so in young children who have had limited haemostatic challenges. Treatment for VWD includes the use of antifibrinolytic drugs, vasopressin or VWF-containing clotting factor concentrates. Treatment is often on-demand for individual bleeding episodes but there are specific indications for the use of prophylactic treatment in children.     

Bioinformatics Analyses of Potential miRNA-mRNA Regulatory Axis in HBV-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Aims: We aimed to explore the crucial miRNA-mRNA axis through bioinformatics analysis and provide evidences for the development of pathophysiological mechanisms and new therapies for HBV-related HCC.Methods: MiRNA ({"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE76903","term_id":"76903"}}GSE76903) and mRNA ({"type":"entrez-geo","attrs":{"text":"GSE77509","term_id":"77509"}}GSE77509) dataset were used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) and differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) using R software. Overlapping genes between DE-mRNAs and target genes of DE-miRNAs were identified as candidate genes. Hub genes were obtained via cytohubba analysis. The expression at protein and mRNA levels and prognostic value of hub genes were evaluated based on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data. Key miRNA-mRNA axes were constructed according to predicted miRNA-mRNA pairs. MiRNA expression and prognostic role were respectively identified using starBase v3.0 and Kaplan-Meier plotter database. Real-time PCR was performed to verify the expression of crucial miRNAs and mRNAs. Coexpression of crucial miRNA and mRNA were analyzed using starBase v3.0.Results: CDK1, CCNB1, CKS2 and CCNE1 were screened as hub genes, which were significantly upregulated at protein and mRNA levels. These up-regulated hub genes were also significantly associated with poor prognosis. Hsa-mir-195-5p/CDK1, hsa-mir-5589-3p/CCNB1 and hsa-let-7c-3p/CKS2 were screened as critical miRNA-mRNA axes. Critical miRNAs were decreased in HCC, which indicates unfavourable prognosis. QPCR results showed that crucial miRNAs were decreased, whereas critical mRNAs were increased in HBV-related HCC. A reverse relationship between miRNA and mRNA in crucial axis was further verified.Conclusion: This study identified several miRNA-mRNA axes in HBV-related HCC. Hsa-mir-195-5p/CDK1, hsa-mir-5589-3p/CCNB1 and hsa-let-7c-3p/CKS2 might serve as potential prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HBV-related HCC.     

Prediction of Oncotype Dx recurrence score using clinical parameters: A comparison of available tools and a simple predictor based on grade and progesterone receptor

Objective/BackgroundThe Oncotype Dx test is a genomic test currently used in clinical practice to predict the risk of disease recurrence in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients with axillary lymph node-negative or micrometastatic disease. The test is one of several similar genomically based tests available. Although it has a good predictive value, it is expensive and thus constitutes a significant financial burden for health systems. Thus, several attempts have been made to devise low-cost tools that could predict the recurrence score derived from the genomic evaluation using easily obtainable clinical parameters.MethodsTwo previously proposed predictive tools were evaluated in a cohort of 201 patients that had undergone the Oncotype Dx test for their efficacy in predicting the Oncotype Dx Recurrence Score (RS). A simple predictor, named GR-PR, based on two available pathologic parameters, grade and progesterone receptor status was devised and also evaluated.ResultsThe sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of all three tools were compared and found to be similar for all cutoff points of Oncotype Dx RS. The accuracy of GR-PR was comparable to the best performing of the two other prediction tools for all four cutoff points.ConclusionThe simple GR-PR predictor proposed in this study seems to be at least as accurate as more complex tools and should be the preferred tool for the prediction of Oncotype Dx RS from clinicopathologic parameters when the Oncotype Dx test is not available.