Estimated Daily Intake and Seasonal Food Sources of Quercetin in Japan

Quercetin is a promising food component, which can prevent lifestyle related diseases. To understand the dietary intake of quercetin in the subjects of a population-based cohort study and in the Japanese population, we first determined the quercetin content in foods available in the market during June and July in or near a town in Hokkaido, Japan. Red leaf lettuce, asparagus, and onions contained high amounts of quercetin derivatives. We then estimated the daily quercetin intake by 570 residents aged 20–92 years old in the town using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). The average and median quercetin intakes were 16.2 and 15.5 mg day⁻¹, respectively. The quercetin intakes by men were lower than those by women; the quercetin intakes showed a low correlation with age in both men and women. The estimated quercetin intake was similar during summer and winter. Quercetin was mainly ingested from onions and green tea, both in summer and in winter. Vegetables, such as asparagus, green pepper, tomatoes, and red leaf lettuce, were good sources of quercetin in summer. Our results will help to elucidate the association between quercetin intake and risks of lifestyle-related diseases by further prospective cohort study and establish healthy dietary requirements with the consumption of more physiologically useful components from foods.     

微波辅助萃取海芦笋中总黄酮工艺的研究

目的以海芦笋为原料、乙醇为浸提剂,在传统浸提技术基础上,辅以微波提取总黄酮。方法分别考察时间、温度、微波功率、料液比、乙醇浓度对总黄酮得率的影响,并在单因素试验基础上,运用正交试验,确定总黄酮提取最佳工艺条件。结果最佳提取工艺为:提取时间15 min,提取温度60℃,微波功率700 W,料液比1∶40,乙醇浓度55%,在此条件下提取海芦笋干粉中的总黄酮,得率为1.37%。结论微波辅助萃取海芦笋总黄酮的效率高于传统浸提工艺,乙醇浓度、提取时间和温度对总黄酮得率都有显著影响。     

Inhalant allergy to fresh asparagus

Background Two patients experienced itehing conjunctivitis, running nose, tightness of the throat and coughing during preparation of fresh asparagus. Eating asparagus after cooking did not provoke any allergie symptoms. Both patients were atopic. sensitized additionally to pollens of grasses and trees as well as to onion. Objective To assess the hypersensilivity reactions to Iresh and heated asparagus and to investigate any crossreactivities among the allergens. Methods Skin-prick tests were perfonned with commercial allergens and native asparagus and the patienls were tesled with Pharmacia CAP system for specific IgE antibodies against asparagus, onion, garlic, birch pollen, mugwort pollen and two recombinant birch pollen allergens, Bet v I and profilin. Inhibition of IgE antibody binding to solid phase homologous and unrelated allergens by increasing doses of liquid allergens (inhibitors) was studied. Results Skin-prick tests with native green and white asparagus were strongly positive, but negative with cooked asparagus. Both patients had measurable levels of IgE antibodies against asparagus (3.0 and 6.2kU/L respectively) and several other allergens. One patienl was highly sensitive to birch and Bet v I. Both were positive to profilin, mugwort and onion. In all cases the antibody uptake could be extensively and specifically inhibited by homologous allergen. The asparagus-specific IgE antibodies of the two patients could only be inhibited by asparagus. No inhibition was obtained after heating of the asparagus extract to 100°C. Conclusions The patients were speeifically sensitized by asparagus. No immunological crossreactions could be observed. The measurements of IgE antibodies to other allergens were also specific, representing parallel multiple sensitivity. Profilin inhibited profilin-specific IgE binding but did not react with the asparagus-specific IgE antibodies of these patients. The asparagus allergen recognized by the specific IgE antibodies of these patients was thermolabile.     

绿芦笋对体外人肝癌细胞生长的影响

在体外培养人肝癌细胞（ＢＥＬ－７４０２）过程中，加入自制的绿芦笋原汁和绿芦笋乙醇提取液，同时选用５－氟脲嘧啶和三尖杉酯碱作为阳性药物，观察对细胞生长的抑制作用。每天每组取３瓶细胞进行活细胞计数，连续１０ｄ并绘制生长曲线，结果表明，低浓度的绿芦笋原汁和绿芦笋乙醇提取液（２０ｍｇ／ｍｌ）能显著抑制肝癌细胞的生长。     

芦笋降低血清免疫复合物含量的作用

本文观察老年人血清中循环免疫复合物(CIC)水平及芦笋降低CIC的作用。结果表明老年人CIC平均水平显著高于健康青壮年(P<0.01);老年高血脂症者甘油三酯浓度与CIC之间有正相关关系(r=0.483,P<0.05)。服芦笋4周后CIC和血脂浓度明显下降(P<0.01),初步证明芦笋除具有降血脂作用外还可降低CIC水平。     

正交设计法优选二冬糖浆剂的制备工艺研究

目的:优选二冬膏的最佳提取工艺,并制备二冬糖浆剂。方法:运用正交设计法优化其提取工艺,以干膏得率与总皂苷含量为指标,考察提取时间、乙醇浓度、液料倍数、提取温度对其提取效果的影响,优化制备工艺。结果:最佳提取工艺为10倍量60%的乙醇85℃下回流,每次提取1.5 h,平均干膏得率为13.11%,总皂苷含量为1.61%。结论:该工艺提取率高,简单便捷,节约经济成本,适合于二冬糖浆剂的制备。     

天冬多糖的提取及其对人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞生长影响的研究

目的 探讨天冬多糖提取方法的可靠性及天冬多糖对体外培养的人肝癌SMMC-7721细胞株生长的影响.方法 冷水浸提、乙醇沉淀法提取天冬粗多糖,再用链菌蛋白酶E及Sevag法脱蛋白,最后用纤维素及琼脂糖凝胶层析柱纯化提取纯品天冬脱蛋白多糖,并对其进行鉴定及分子量检测.用噻唑蓝法检测不同浓度纯品天冬脱蛋白多糖对于体外培养的人...     

芦笋多糖对S180小鼠红细胞膜组分及流动性的影响

[目的]考察芦笋多糖对S180小鼠红细胞膜组分及流动性的影响.[方法]芦笋多糖对S180小鼠腹腔注射给药7d,应用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳测定小鼠红细胞膜带3蛋白及血型糖蛋白A的相对含量,采用试剂盒测定红细胞膜磷脂、胆固醇和唾液酸含量,荧光偏振法结合探针1,6一二苯-1、3、5己三烯测定红细胞膜流动性.[结果]芦笋多糖能增加S180小鼠红细胞膜表面带3蛋白、血型糖蛋白A的含量;升高S180小鼠红细胞膜磷脂含量,降低胆固醇含量;增加S180小鼠红细胞膜表面唾液酸含量;提高S180小鼠红细胞膜流动性.[结论]芦笋多糖可以改善S180小鼠红细胞膜组分的异常变化,从而保持细胞膜的流动性,恢复红细胞的结构和功能.     

氩氙混合气体处理对芦笋的保鲜作用

惰性气体可以在水中形成笼形水合物，限制水分子的活动，延长果蔬的贮存时间．实验研究了经过氙氩混合气体处理和2种常规保鲜(气调包装和冷藏)处理后芦笋的生理变化差异．结果表明，芦笋经过氙氩混合气体处理24h后，有较好的保鲜效果，开伞率、失重率下降，呼吸高峰消失，纤维素增加减缓，VC和叶绿素损失减小。     

芦笋治疗对恶性肿瘤患者T细胞亚群的影响

对３２例恶性肿瘤患者经芦笋糖桨治疗前后的外周血Ｔ淋巴细胞亚群的改变进行了检测。结果显示：恶性肿瘤患者在治疗前ＣＤ３细胞百分率、ＣＤ４细胞百分率和ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８细胞比率均低于正常对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。经芦笋糖浆至少治疗一疗程后，ＣＤ３细胞百分率、ＣＤ４细胞百分率及ＣＤ４／ＣＤ８细胞比率较治疗前显著升高（Ｐ＜０．０５），提示芦笋能够提高肿瘤病人的免疫功能。