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1.
Anisodamine is one of the major components of the tropine alkaloid family and is widely used in the treatment of pain, motion sickness, pupil dilatation, and detoxification of organophosphorus poisoning. As a muscarinic receptor antagonist, the low toxicity and moderate drug effect of anisodamine often result in high doses for clinical use, making it important to fully investigate its toxicity. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1.3-, 2.6-, and 5.2-mM anisodamine for 7 days to study the toxic effects of drug exposure on pigmentation, mineral density, craniofacial area, and eye development. The results showed that exposure to anisodamine at 1.3 mM resulted in cranial malformations and abnormal pigmentation in zebrafish embryos; 2.6- and 5.2-mM anisodamine resulted in significant eye development defects and reduced bone density in zebrafish embryos. The associated toxicities were correlated with functional development of neural crest cells through gene expression (col1a2, ddb1, dicer1, mab21l1, mab21l2, sox10, tyrp1b, and mitfa) in the dose of 5.2-mM exposed group. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence of the developmental toxicity of high doses of anisodamine in aqueous solutions to organisms and provides a warning for the safe use of this drug.  相似文献   
2.
目的 观察金锁固精丸加味联合山莨菪碱(654-2)穴位注射治疗遗精的临床疗效.方法 选取遗精患者80例,随机分为观察组、对照组,各40例.观察组口服金锁固精丸加味联合654-2穴位注射,对照组给予舒乐安定片和谷维素片口服,观察对比两组的临床疗效.结果 观察组总有效率为90.0%,对照组总有效率为72.5%,两组对比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 金锁固精丸加味口服联合654-2穴位注射治疗遗精疗效显著,值得临床推广.  相似文献   
3.
4.
Background  Previous studies have proved the renal protective effects of anisodamine in patients with septic shock. The aim of this study was to investigate anisodamine for the prevention of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods  Consecutive ACS patients undergoing elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were randomly assigned to one of two groups: patients in the anisodamine group (ANI group) were assigned to receive intravenous infusions of anisodamine by an adjusted-dose (0.1–0.2 μg∙kg-1∙min-1) from the PCI procedure to 24 hours after PCI, and the control group (CON group) received 0.9% isotonic saline of the same volume. All patients were hydrated for 6 to 12 hours before and 12 hours after PCI. Blood samples were taken on the day of PCI and at 24, 48 and 72 hours after PCI to measure the serum creatinine (SCr).
Results  A total of 177 patients were involved in the study, 88 in the ANI group and 89 in the CON group. In both groups, the SCr concentrations significantly increased after PCI, with the peak value occurring at 48 hours. At 72 hours, the SCr concentration in the ANI group retuned to the baseline level (P >0.05), but the SCr concentration in CON group was still higher than baseline level (P <0.01). The SCr concentrations at 48 and 72 hours after PCI were much lower in the ANI group than those in the CON group (both P <0.01). The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) significantly decreased after PCI, the lowest value occurred at 48 hours. In the ANI group, the eGFR at 72 hours was similar to the baseline level. In the CON group, the eGFR failed to return to baseline at 72 hours (P <0.01). The eGFR at 24, 48 and 72 hours after PCI were higher in the ANI group (all P <0.05). The incidence of CIN in the ANI group was lower than that in the CON group within 72 hours after PCI (P <0.05). The results of multiple Logistic regression proved that both diabetes and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were independent predictors of CIN, and treatment with anisodamine was an independent preventive factor of CIN (OR 0.369 and 95% CI 0.171 to 0.794, P=0.011). No serious side effects were found in the ANI group.
Conclusion  Intravenous infusion of anisodamine during and after elective PCI may safely prevent the occurrence of CIN in ACS patients.
  相似文献   
5.
目的:观察山莨菪碱注射液辅助治疗下呼吸道感染的疗效观察.方法:对80例下呼吸道感染的患儿在常规治疗的基础上,治疗组加用山莨菪碱注射液,剂量为0.2-0.3mg/Kg,加5%葡萄糖30-50ml静点,每天一次,滴速8-10滴/分,连用3-5天,观察咳嗽、咳痰、肺部啰音消失时间.结果:加小剂量山莨菪碱注射液静点,治疗小儿下呼吸道感染,可缩短咳嗽、咳痰及肺部啰音时间及住院天数,促进痰液排出,减少并发症.结论:小剂量山莨菪碱注射液辅助治疗婴幼儿下呼吸道感染具有良好的疗效.  相似文献   
6.
目的:观察护理干预配合术前肌注山莨菪碱在结肠镜下息肉电切术中的临床应用效果。方法:选取2011年5月-2012年5月本院收治的86例结肠息肉患者,按照随机数字表法将其分成观察组和对照组各43例。观察组术前肌肉注射山莨菪碱同时护理干预配合结肠镜下息肉电切术,对照组单纯给予护理干预配合结肠息肉镜下电切术。观察两组患者术中的进镜时间、疼痛感觉、手术的依从性及患者满意度。结果:观察组患者术中进镜时间、疼痛感觉、手术的依从性及患者满意度均明显优于对照组,比较差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:结肠息肉电切术前给予肌肉注射山莨菪碱作为解痉剂,可减缓肠蠕动,缩短进镜时间,减轻患者术中疼痛感,提高患者的手术依从性及患者对护理工作的满意度。  相似文献   
7.
目的:观察旋覆代赭汤加减配合内关穴穴位注射治疗肿瘤顽固性呃逆的临床疗效。方法:将70例肿瘤顽固性呃逆患者随机分为治疗组和对照组。治疗组35例患者采用旋覆代赭汤加减,配合内关穴穴位注射山莨菪碱治疗。对照组35例患者给予口服山莨菪碱片治疗。10 d为1个疗程,1个疗程后评价疗效。结果:治疗组治愈26例,好转7例,无效2例,有效率为94.29%;对照组治愈16例,好转12例,无效7例,有效率为80.00%,治疗组临床疗效优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论:旋覆代赭汤加减配合内关穴穴位注射治疗肿瘤顽固性呃逆疗效显著。  相似文献   
8.

Objective

To observe the efficacy of scalp acupuncture combined with oral administration of Ènì Tāng (
, Hiccup Decoction) for treatment of intractable hiccup.

Methods

One hundred patients with intractable hiccup were divided into treatment group (acupuncture combined with herb decoction group) and control group (western medicine group) according to the random number table method with 50 patients in each group. In treatment group, scalp acupuncture was conducted in the gastric area and thoracic area of patients, and Hiccup Decoction was taken orally. In control group, anisodamine (654–2) was injected intramuscularly in the dosage of 10 mg. The treatment was conducted for once a day in each group, and treatment for three consecutive times was needed. The number of times and the frequency of hiccup were observed after each treatment, and the results were compared. The standard of therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated by the number of hiccups decreased.

Results

In treatment group, the total cure rate was 54%, and the total effective rate was 84%, in control group, the total cure rate was 32%, and the total effective rate was 66%. According to the comparison between the two groups in the cure rate and total effective rate, the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). After the first treatment, there was no statistical difference according to the comparison between the two groups in the cure rate and total effective rate (both P>0.05), after the second treatment, the differences were statistically significant according to the comparison between the two groups in the cure rate and total effective rate (both P<0.05), and the efficacy in treatment group was obviously superior to that in control group, after the third treatment, there was no statistical difference according to the comparison between the two groups in the cure rate and total effective rate (both P>0.05).

Conclusion

In the one course of treatment, the efficacy of acupuncture combined with herb decoction for treatment of intractable hiccup was obviously superior to that of intramuscular injection with anisodamine. The therapeutic effect of intramuscular injection with anisodamine for treatment of intractable hiccup was the best at the first treatment, and the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with herb decoction was the best at the second treatment.  相似文献   
9.
目的探讨山莨菪碱立体异构与生物活性的关系。方法采用MDS-5型反相制备色谱柱直接分离山莨菪碱得到外消旋体Ⅰ和Ⅱ,用手性半制备高效液相色谱柱分离Ⅰ和Ⅱ得到山莨菪碱的4个单一异构体,通过抗卡巴胆碱致大鼠气管收缩效应实验考察4个异构体的抗胆碱活性。结果由1HNMR谱和比旋光度值确定了山莨菪碱4个异构体的绝对构型,不同的立体构型对卡巴胆碱诱导的大鼠气管平滑肌收缩表现出不同程度的抑制作用,效应强度为(6S,2 S)>(6S,2 R)>(6R,2 S)>(6R,2 R)。结论山莨菪碱莨菪烷母核上的S构型在抗胆碱活性上发挥更重要的作用。  相似文献   
10.
目的探讨山莨菪碱预处理对兔肺缺血再灌注后肺水肿的保护作用及作用机制。方法建立在体兔肺缺血再灌注动物模型,10~12周龄健康家兔24只,雌雄不拘,体重2 200~2 600 g,随机分为3组,每组8只。山莨菪碱组于左肺缺血再灌注处理前静脉给予山莨菪碱3 mg/kg预处理,对照组进行左肺缺血再灌注处理,假手术组只开胸并套带不行缺血再灌注处理。各组左肺缺血1 h,再灌注3 h后结扎并切取左肺下叶,部分行组织学观察,部分通过测量肺湿干重的方法计算肺含水量,余肺组织按试剂盒说明书检测组织髓过氧化酶(MPO)含量。最后经兔股静脉注射2%伊文思蓝(1.5 mL/kg),然后取左肺上叶,参照Udaka的方法比较3组肺血管通透性。结果缺血再灌注处理后,对照组肺含水量、MPO含量及伊文思蓝含量分别为(6.59±0.53)g/g干重、(1.16±0.14)U/g.prot和(172.8±15.5)μg/g湿重,明显高于假手术组的(4.34±0.37)g/g干重、(0.53±0.09)U/g.prot和(103.3±11.2)μg/g湿重(P均<0.05),组织损伤严重并可见严重的肺水肿,山莨菪碱组上述指标水平分别为(5.62±0....  相似文献   
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