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1.
目的探讨高荧光细胞(HFC)和血清腹水白蛋白梯度(SAAG)诊断恶性腹水的价值。方法选取202例出现腹水的患者,依据脱落细胞学检查结果分为恶性腹水组(36例)和良性腹水组(166例),分析HFC和SAAG在良、恶性腹水组中的分布差异。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价各项指标单项及联合检测诊断恶性腹水的效能。结果恶性腹水组高荧光细胞绝对值(HF#)和高荧光细胞百分比(HF%)均显著高于良性腹水组(P=0.0000、P=0.0001),SAAG水平显著低于良性腹水组(P=0.0000)。HF#、HF%和SAAG诊断恶性腹水的曲线下面积分别为0.797、0.704、0.770。单项指标分析时,HF#和SAAG的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为83.3%、66.9%、69.8%和88.9%、62.0%、66.8%,HF#和SAAG串联检测的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为77.8%、80.1%、79.7%,HF#和SAAG并联检测的敏感性、特异性、准确性分别为94.4%、48.8%、56.9%。结论HF和SAAG联合检测诊断恶性腹水的敏感性有所下降,但特异性和准确性均明显升高,更有利于恶性腹水的诊断。  相似文献   
2.
[摘要] 目的 初步探索血清白蛋白水平与新型冠状病毒肺炎长期阳性患者病毒转阴之间的因果关系。方法?以病程超过30 d的轻型新型冠状病毒肺炎住院患者为研究对象,采集人口学信息、治疗策略、合并疾病、实验室检查指标信息,以发病后45 d内病毒累积转阴率为因变量,以发病后(30±3)d时的血清白蛋白水平为主要分析变量,以人口学信息、治疗策略、合并疾病、实验室检查结果等其他信息为协变量,采用限制立方样条回归-Cox比例风险回归模型探讨血清白蛋白水平对累积转阴率的影响。结果?共有189例患者纳入分析,其中101例在45 d内实现了病毒转阴。进一步分析发现,30 d时的血清白蛋白水平与45 d病毒累积转阴率之间存在相关性(P = 0.027)。当血清白蛋白<39 g/L时,低血清白蛋白水平是病毒转阴的危险因素,且血清白蛋白水平越低,风险比(hazard ritio, HR)越高,血清白蛋白越接近39 g/L,HR则越接近1;当血清白蛋白≥39 g/L时,血清白蛋白水平不再是病毒转阴的危险因素。结论?血清白蛋白水平与患者的病毒转阴密切相关,当血清白蛋白<39 g/L时,血清白蛋白水平越低,越不利于病毒转阴。因此,治疗过程中关注血清白蛋白变化,及时给予干预,可能有利于病毒转阴。  相似文献   
3.
Introduction and objectivesLiver cirrhosis is a major public health issue associated with high morbidity and mortality. The ANSWER trial showed that long-term human albumin (LTA) infusions led to significant reduction of complications and mortality in patients with uncomplicated ascites. The present study aimed to assess the incremental cost of cirrhosis patients treated with LTA plus standard medical treatment (SMT) versus those treated with SMT from the perspective of the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS).Material and methodsCost of illness for patients with cirrhosis and grade 2-3 ascites treated with SMT or with SMT and LTA (following the treatment regimen from ANSWER) over a one-year period was estimated according to the IMSS perspective. Rates of treatments, complications and hospitalizations were based on results from the ANSWER trial. Unit costs from IMSS were gathered from public sources and transformed to 2020 Mexican $ (Mex$).ResultsThe use of LTA is estimated to require additional annual expenditure derived from the pharmacological cost of human albumin and by the follow up visits required for LTA administration (Mex$28,128). However, this cost may potentially be counterbalanced by the reduction in paracentesis, cirrhosis-related complications and hospitalizations which would lead to cost savings of Mex$33,417 per patient/year.ConclusionsBased on the ANSWER trial results, our study suggests that LTA may result in improved clinical outcomes and reduced costs for the IMSS when administered to cirrhosis patients with uncomplicated ascites.  相似文献   
4.
5.
目的探讨正常范围内尿白蛋白/肌酐比值(UACR)与2型糖尿病患者糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)的关系。方法本研究共纳入1780例2型糖尿病患者,平均随访时间7.5年,所有患者每年由专业眼科医师进行眼底散瞳检查。根据UACR四分位数将患者分为4组:Q1组患者UACR<6.24 mg·g^(-1)(n=443);Q2组患者6.24 mg·g^(-1)≤UACR<10.21 mg·g^(-1)(n=446);Q3组患者10.21 mg·g^(-1)≤UACR<16.79 mg·g^(-1)(n=446);Q4组患者UACR≥16.79 mg·g^(-1)(n=445)。使用Cox回归分析评价正常范围内不同水平的UACR与DR发病之间的关系。结果Cox回归分析结果显示:无论在未校正还是校正模型中,随着UACR的升高,DR的发病率也随之显著升高(均为P_(趋势)<0.05)。以Q1组为对照,在未校正任何因素的情况下(模型1),Q4组发生DR的风险将升高44.3%;在校正年龄、性别、糖尿病病程、治疗方法后(模型2),Q4组发生DR的风险将升高46.9%;在模型2的基础上进一步校正体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、糖化血红蛋白、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血肌酐、预估肾小球滤过率(模型3),Q4组发生DR的风险将升高52.0%(均为P_(趋势)<0.05)。累积风险图显示:无论在未校正还是校正模型中,Q4组患者发生DR的累积风险一直保持最高,校正模型中Q4组患者DR发病累积风险高于Q1组,差异有统计学意义(均为P<0.05)。结论正常范围内的UACR的高值可能是DR发病的风险因素,当UACR达到16.79 mg·g^(-1)时,更应高度关注DR发病的可能性。  相似文献   
6.
7.
ObjectiveTo evaluate whether the serum C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) could be used for risk stratification of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) for severe aortic stenosis (AS).Patients and MethodsFrailty is a predictor of poor outcomes in patients undergoing AS interventions. The CAR reflects key components of frailty (systemic inflammation and nutrition) and could potentially be implemented into assessment and management strategies for patients with AS. From March 1, 2010, through February 29, 2020, 1836 patients were prospectively enrolled in an observational TAVR database. Patients (prospective development cohort, n=763) were grouped into CAR quartiles to compare the upper quartile (CAR Q4) with the lower quartiles (CAR Q1-3). Primary end point was all-cause mortality. Results were verified in an independent retrospective cohort (n=1403).ResultsThe CAR Q4 had a higher prevalence of impaired left ventricular function, atrial fibrillation, diabetes, and cerebrovascular disease and a higher median logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) vs CAR Q1-3. After median follow-up of 15.0 months, all-cause mortality was significantly higher in CAR Q4 vs CAR Q1-3 (P<.001). In multivariable analyses, risk factors for all-cause mortality were CAR Q4 (>0.1632; hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.00; P=.03), N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide Q4 (>3230 pg/mL [to convert to ng/L, multiply by 1), high-sensitivity troponin T Q4 (>0.0395 ng/mL [to convert to μg/L, multiply by 1]), above-median logistic EuroSCORE (16.1%), myocardial infarction, Acute Kidney Injury Network stage 3, and life-threatening bleeding.ConclusionElevated CAR was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR. The CAR, a simple, objective tool to assess frailty, could be incorporated into assessing patients with AS being considered for TAVR.  相似文献   
8.
曹丽  孙燕  张静  曹雷 《现代药物与临床》2020,43(9):1836-1839
目的 研究羟氯喹联合利妥昔单抗治疗系统性红斑狼疮的临床疗效。方法 选择2017年1月—2019年12月榆林市第二医院的系统性红斑狼疮患者71例作为研究对象。用抽签法随机将患者分为对照组(36例)和观察组(35例)。对照组iv利妥昔单抗注射液,100 mg/次,1次/周。观察组在对照组基础上口服硫酸羟氯喹片,0.4 g/次,2次/d。两组均治疗4周。观察两组患者的临床疗效,同时比较两组治疗前后的系统性红斑狼疮疾病活动指数(SLEDAI)评分、24 h尿蛋白、血肌酐、血清白蛋白和炎性因子水平。结果 治疗后,观察组的有效率为91.43%,明显高于对照组的69.44(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组的SLEDAI评分、血肌酐及24 h尿蛋白水平明显降低,血清白蛋白水平明显升高(P<0.05);且观察组的SLEDAI评分、血肌酐及24 h尿蛋白水平明显低于对照组,血清白蛋白水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组血清白细胞介素(IL)-4、IL-17和单核细胞趋化蛋白-4(MCP-4)水平明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组的血清IL-4、IL-17和MCP-4水平明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 羟氯喹联合利妥昔单抗能改善系统性红斑狼疮患者的免疫功能,降低血清IL-4、IL-17和MCP-4水平,具有一定的临床推广应用价值。  相似文献   
9.
Hypoalbuminemia is associated with inflammation. Despite being addressed repeatedly in the literature, there is still confusion regarding its pathogenesis and clinical significance. Inflammation increases capillary permeability and escape of serum albumin, leading to expansion of interstitial space and increasing the distribution volume of albumin. The half‐life of albumin has been shown to shorten, decreasing total albumin mass. These 2 factors lead to hypoalbuminemia despite increased fractional synthesis rates in plasma. Hypoalbuminemia, therefore, results from and reflects the inflammatory state, which interferes with adequate responses to events like surgery or chemotherapy, and is associated with poor quality of life and reduced longevity. Increasing or decreasing serum albumin levels are adequate indicators, respectively, of improvement or deterioration of the clinical state. In the interstitium, albumin acts as the main extracellular scavenger, antioxidative agent, and as supplier of amino acids for cell and matrix synthesis. Albumin infusion has not been shown to diminish fluid requirements, infection rates, and mortality in the intensive care unit, which may imply that there is no body deficit or that the quality of albumin “from the shelf” is unsuitable to play scavenging and antioxidative roles. Management of hypoalbuminaemia should be based on correcting the causes of ongoing inflammation rather than infusion of albumin. After the age of 30 years, muscle mass and function slowly decrease, but this loss is accelerated by comorbidity and associated with decreasing serum albumin levels. Nutrition support cannot fully prevent, but slows down, this chain of events, especially when combined with physical exercise.  相似文献   
10.

Purpose

To evaluate the feasibility of a same-day yttrium-90 (90Y) radioembolization protocol with resin microspheres (including pretreatment angiography, lung shunt fraction [LSF] determination, and radioembolization) for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases.

Materials and Methods

All same-day radioembolization procedures performed over 1 y (February 2017 to January 2018) were included in this single-institutional retrospective analysis, in which 34 procedures were performed in 26 patients (median age, 63 y; 13 women), 19 with liver metastases and 7 with HCC. Yttrium-90 treatment activities were calculated by body surface area method. Tumor imaging response was assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 for liver metastases and modified RECIST for HCC. Clinical side effects and adverse events were graded per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0.

Results

All planned cases were technically successful, and no cases were canceled for elevated LSF or vascular anatomic reasons. Pretreatment angiography modified the planned 90Y treatment activity in 1 case in which vascular anatomy required a lobar-dose split into 2 for segmental infusions. In 18% of cases, patients were briefly admitted after the procedure for observation or symptom management. Imaging evaluation of initial efficacy at 1 month demonstrated partial response in 25% and stable disease in 67% of patients with liver metastases and partial/complete response in 43% and stable disease in 14% of patients with HCC. Grade ≥ 3 adverse events occurred in 6% of cases, with no systemic therapy–limiting toxicities. The mean total procedure time was 4.2 hours.

Conclusions

A same-day 90Y radioembolization protocol with resin microspheres is feasible in select patients, which can expedite cancer therapy.  相似文献   
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