Acanthosis nigricans malin révélant un cholangiocarcinome

IntroductionAcanthosis nigricans is a dermatosis characterized by the presence of a hyperpigmented, velvety cutaneous thickening in the flexural areas, especially axillary and inguinal fossas, and lateral faces of the neck. AN is usually a benign condition but can sometimes reveal an internal malignancy corresponds to a cutaneous paraneoplasic syndrome. Literature shows a predominant association with gastric adenocarcinoma. Here, we report a rare association between AN and cholangiocarcinoma.Case reportWe report a 43-year-old woman who presented an extensive AN associated to a tripe palms syndrome and florid cutaneous papillomatosis. She consulted in dermatology because of the itchiness of the lesions as well as for esthetics reasons. Complementary investigations enabled to diagnose a cholangiocarcinoma without visceral metastasis and she was treated by tumor resection and chemotherapy. Consequently, a slight improvement of the skin condition and the disappearance of pruritus were observed.ConclusionAN should be considered as cutaneous sign either of malignancy or endocrinopathy and therefore requires further investigations. The existence of extensive lesions, pruritus, tripe palms syndrome, florid cutaneous papillomatosis or mucous lesions, associated to an AN is a sign of malignancy should be investigated urgently the early diagnosis of which can lead to a better prognosis.     

靶向测序诊断黑棘皮病1家系

【摘要】 报道临床症状不典型的家族性黑棘皮病1家系。先证者女，4岁，自1周岁时，颈部、腹部出现黑色斑片，近年来逐渐扩大至唇周、躯干前部。腹部皮肤全反式共聚焦显微镜检查可见乳头环下延扭曲及沟壑结构，乳头环内可见中高折光颗粒结构。先证者父亲及祖母既往有类似病史，但随着年龄增长色素沉着自发性消退，仅有局部皮纹增粗。采集先证者及父母、祖母外周血，对先证者外周血DNA行Panel靶向测序，结果显示，先证者存在FGFR3基因14号外显子c.1949A>C（p.Lys650Thr）错义突变，Sanger测序验证证实先证者及其父亲和祖母均存在此突变。诊断：家族性黑棘皮病。     

寻常型天疱疮患者血清对HaCaT细胞Dsg、MMP-9表达的影响

 目的:探讨寻常型天疱疮（PV）患者血清对HaCaT细胞桥粒芯蛋白（Dsg）1、3和基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）9表达的影响及其参与PV棘层松解的可能机制。方法:用含5%PV血清的高糖DMEM培养基孵育HaCaT细胞，以正常培养组、健康血清组以及抗Dsg3抗体组（阳性对照组）作为对照。刮取细胞提取总RNA及蛋白质，Q PCR检测Dsg1、Dsg3和MMP 9 mRNA转录水平，Western Blot检测Dsg1、Dsg3和MMP 9表达，荧光单克隆Dsg1/3抗体分别检测细胞表面Dsg1、Dsg3表达。 结果:Q PCR结果显示：与正常培养组比较，含5% PV血清培养组HaCaT细胞Dsg1、Dsg3、MMP 9基因的mRNA相对表达量分别上升约432%、402%、402%，而抗Dsg3抗体组分别上升约495%、488%、604%，PV血清组与正常培养组间有明显差异（P值均<0.05）。 Western Blot结果显示：与正常培养组相比，PV血清组HaCaT细胞表面Dsg1、Dsg3、MMP 9蛋白表达升高。Dsg1、Dsg3荧光单克隆抗体检测显示：PV血清组HaCaT表面Dsg1线状荧光消失，替代为颗粒状、团块状荧光颗粒分散于细胞表面和胞浆区域，而细胞表面Dsg3线状荧光仍然存在，但强度减弱。 结论:PV血清能促进Dsg1、Dsg3和MMP 9转录及表达，Dsg3抗体可通过诱导角质形成细胞Dsg1蛋白内吞，削弱抗体补偿作用参与棘层松解。     

Social Anxiety,Depression and Self-Esteem in Obese Adolescent Girls with Acanthosis Nigricans

Objective:

To assess the impact of acanthosis nigricans (AN) on depression symptoms, related quality of life and self-esteem scores in obese adolescent girls.

Methods:

Fifty-nine obese adolescent girls (mean age: 13.19±1.3 years, age range: 12-17 years, mean body mass index: 29.89±3.30) were enrolled in this study. The obese adolescent girls were divided into two groups based on presence or absence of AN. Non-obese healthy adolescents constituted the control group (30 girls, mean age: 13.5±1.4 years). All subjects were evaluated using the Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory for Children (STAI-C), and the modified Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (SES). Higher scores indicated more severe depression and anxiety, as well as low self-esteem status.

Results:

The AN and non-AN obese groups showed significantly higher CDI, STAI-C and SES scores than the control group, and the two obese groups demonstrated no significant differences for these scores. The AN obese group with higher total testosterone levels (>50 ng/dL) had higher scores for SES (2.55±1.8 vs. 1.42±1.2; p=0.03) than the AN obese group with low total testosterone levels. SES scores significantly correlated with total testosterone levels (r=0.362; p=0.03) and fasting insulin (r=0.462; p=0.03) in the AN obese group.

Conclusion:

Higher SES scores (low self-esteem status) were determined in obese adolescents with acanthosis and were related to hyperandrogenism. This study also showed that a high testosterone level may be one of the important indicators of low self-esteem status in obese girls with AN.     

Identification of two novel mutations in keratin 13 as the cause of white sponge naevus

BACKGROUND: White sponge naevus (WSN) is a rare autosomal dominant condition which is characterised by benign, white spongy plaques (oral leukokeratoses) affecting non-cornifying, wet mucosa. WSN shares several ultrastructural characteristics (eg, epithelial thickening, acanthosis, keratin filament aggregation) with a number of epithelial disorders caused by mutations in keratin genes and to-date two mutations, one in each of the mucosal specific keratins, K4 and K13, have been identified as the molecular basis of the disorder. OBJECTIVES: To identify the molecular basis of WSN in two families with a history of the disease. RESULTS: Two novel mutations were identified in helix initiation motif of K13. A T-to-C transition was found in the affected members of one family which is predicted to change leucine115 to proline. In the second family, a similar T-to-C transition was found in codon 108 which is predicted to change methionine to threonine in the protein sequence. These changes were not found in 50 unrelated, unaffected individuals. CONCLUSIONS: The mutations in the helix initiation motif of K13 are the cause of WSN in these families. These cases confirm mutations in the mucosal specific keratins as a significant cause of the disorder.     

Oral malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with endometrial adenocarcinoma

We report a 59-year-old patient with malignant acanthosis nigricans associated with metastasis of endometrial carcinoma. The patient presented papillomatosis lesions that appeared to be benign on multiple skins of body folds, particularly on lips. The lesions in lips and axilla had histological characteristic appearances of acanthosis nigricans, while the masses in abdomen and pelvis were metastasis endometrial adenocarcinoma. The article highlights the importance of biopsy and histopathological diagnosis in presumed benign lesions and the role of doctors in screening for body internal tumors.     

二甲双胍对高胰岛素血症儿童假性黑棘皮病的疗效观察

对88例高胰岛素血症假性黑棘皮病(AN)肥胖儿童给予二甲双胍治疗3个月和6个月后,对空腹胰岛素、葡萄糖耐量试验2 h胰岛素和AN评分等进行评价,结果表明二甲双胍可改善假性AN肥胖患儿高胰岛素血症状态,AN分级方法可作为病情变化的无创监测手段.