菊芩苍耳合剂治疗急慢鼻寞炎临床研究

目的：观察菊芩苍耳合剂治疗急性鼻窦炎的疗效。方法：选择240例诊断为急性鼻窦炎的门诊病人,随机分为两组,对照组进行口服阿莫西林胶囊等西医常规治疗,治疗组在西医常规治疗的同时给予菊芩苍耳合剂每次100ml,2次／d,10d为1个疗程,治疗前后对照观察分析。结果：两组对急性鼻窦炎均有较好疗效,而治疗组疗效更佳,两组比较有显著差异（P〈0．05）。结论：菊芩苍耳合剂治疗急性鼻窦炎有较好效果。     

苍耳子炮制前后挥发性成分及水煎液中酚酸性成分分析

目的:分析苍耳子炮制前后挥发性成分的组成及水煎液中酚酸性成分的相对含量变化。方法:采用清炒法炮制苍耳子,采用顶空固相微萃取法与气相色谱-质谱联用检测生品及炮制品的挥发性成分。将炮制前后苍耳子制成水煎液,采用液相色谱法建立标准曲线并检测水煎液中绿原酸、新绿原酸、隐绿原酸、洋蓟素、异绿原酸A和异绿原酸C等酚酸性成分的相对含量变化。结果:生品苍耳子34种质谱图经对比分析共得到29种化合物,炮制后苍耳子33种质谱图经对比分析共得到26种化合物,生品苍耳子的挥发性成分占比为66.6%,炮制后苍耳子挥发性成分占比为76.82%,共有21种挥发性成分;炮制后绿原酸、新绿原酸、隐绿原酸明显高于炮制前(P<0.05);炮制后洋蓟素、异绿原酸A明显低于炮制前(P<0.05)。结论:苍耳子炮制后能改变其挥发性成分的含量,减毒存效,并促进煎煮过程中有效酚酸性成分的煎出,增强苍耳子的药效,提高疗效。     

Muscle spasm associated with therapeutic use of Cang Er Zi Wan

Introduction.?Cang Er Zi Wan (CEZW) is a herbal medication derived from Xanthium sibiricum that is used to treat allergies and upper respiratory problems. Its toxicity has been described in grazing animals, in experimental studies, and in human overdoses. We describe a case of muscular spasm that was associated with the therapeutic use of CEZW.?Case report.?A 17-year-old female was prescribed CEZW for chronic allergies. Shortly after her second dose of 10 pills BID, she developed intermittent muscular spasms. She was seen in an Emergency Department and had normal vital signs and no significant laboratory abnormalities. Her physical exam was significant only for intermittent spasm of the muscles of the face, neck, and upper extremities. No tremor, fasciculation, dystonia, akisthisia, chorea, bradykinesia, or clonus was noted. She discontinued the CEZW and the symptoms slowly decreased over 4 days. Testing of the product did not detect any other medications or drugs.?Discussion.?CEZW is a herbal medication that contains X. sibiricum. X. sibiricum is a widespread weed that has caused muscular spasm, seizures, and death in animals that graze on it as well as animals experimentally exposed to it. Eleven cases of accidental human ingestion of Xanthium leading to spasm, somnolence, hypoglycemia, renal, and liver toxicity have been described. We describe a unique case of isolated muscular spasms because of the therapeutic use of a CEZW product.     

防风苍耳子水煎剂对小鼠免疫功能的影响

本文用ＥＬＩＳＡ法研究了防风、苍耳子水煎剂对ＩｇＥ、ＩｇＧ、ＩｇＭ的调节作用。结果表明：防风和苍耳子水煎剂均能显著抑制ＤＮＰ－ＢＳＡ致敏小鼠的ＩｇＥ产生（Ｐ＜００５），延迟和减轻卵蛋白致敏豚鼠的Ｉ型超敏反应。其中防风对ＩｇＧ和ＩｇＭ抗体的产生、以及细胞免疫功能都有显著的增强作用（Ｐ＜００５和＜００１），苍耳子对体液免疫作用不明显（Ｐ＞００５），但对细胞免疫却有抑制作用（Ｐ＜００１和＜００５）。     

苍耳子化学成分及药理作用研究进展

苍耳子为治疗“鼻渊”的常用中药,它主要含有水溶性苷类、倍半萜内酯类、挥发油类、脂肪油类、酚酸类及其他化合物,药理作用有降血糖、抗过敏、抗菌、抗炎、镇痛、抗肿瘤的作用,对苍耳子的化学成分和药理作用进行整理和总结,为后期研究提供文献参考。      

蒙古苍耳化学成分研究

目的:研究蒙古苍耳的化学成分.方法:采用色谱方法分离,通过波谱学方法鉴定结构.结果:从醋酸乙酯提取物中分离得到8个化合物,其中4个为倍半萜内酯类化合物,2个为三萜类化合物,2个为木质素类化合物,鉴定结构分别为:苍耳亭(1),苍耳皂素(2),11 α,13-二氢苍耳亭(3),苍术烯内酯丙(4),齐墩果酸(5),熊果酸(6),松脂素(7)和苯并二氢呋喃类木脂素(8).结论:化合物3～8为首次从蒙古苍耳中分离得到,1～3均表现出细胞黏附分子ICAM-1的诱导阻碍活性,但化合物3的活性较弱.     

A high rate of cross-sensitivity between Parthenium hysterophorus and Xanthium strumarium in Indian patients with contact dermatitis

Parthenium hysterophorus is well known to produce contact dermatitis in India. Xanthium strumarium is another weed also belonging to the Compositae family present in India since much earlier times, but not recognised among the plants causing contact dermatitis. We have found a very high rate of cross-sensitivity between the two plants in patients presenting air-borne contact dermatitis. Of the 28 patients with air-borne contact dermatitis. 22 revealed positive patch tests with aqueous extracts of both plants, one patient showed a negative patch test with Parthenium hysterophorus and a positive test with Xanthium strumarium , while five patients were negative with both plants. In a control group of 15 patients with contact dermatitis due to other agents, only one patient showed a positive patch test with Xanthium strumarium , while the patch test with Parthenium hysterophorus was negative. Patch tests performed with serial 10-fold dilutions of standard extracts of both plants to determine the degree (titre) of contact hypersensitivity (TCH) revealed variable litres in different patients. Some patients had a much higher titre with Parthenium hysterophorus while others had a higher titre with Xanthium strumarium. The antigen in Xanthium strumarium , like that of Parthenium hysterophorus , could be extracted with water, acetone, ethanol, chloroform, benzene, ether and carbon tetrachloride. Infra-red spectrophotometry of extracts in ether revealed similar spectra in the two plants. The antigens in the two plants seem lo be very similar.     

ALLERGIC CONTACT DERMATITIS TO NOOGOORA BURR AND BATHURST BURR

Allergic contact dermatitis with positive patch testing has been identified to Noogoora Burr (Xanthium occidentale) and Bathurst Burr (Xanthium spinosum), members of the compositae family. These plants have been introduced into Australia from North America and are classified as noxious weeds. The patients presented with a dermatitis on exposed areas. The distribution and nature of the Xanthium species is described.     

苍耳子的化学成分研究

目的研究菊科植物苍耳Xanthium sibiricum的干燥成熟带总苞果实(苍耳子)的化学成分。方法采用硅胶柱色谱、ODS反相柱色谱、Sephadex LH-20、MCI gel CHP 20P和HPLC等色谱方法进行分离纯化,并结合HR-ESI-MS与现代波谱学技术鉴定化合物结构。结果从苍耳子70%已醇提取物中分离得到14个化合物,分别鉴定为xanthiazone(1)、羟基苍耳子噻嗪双酮苷(2)、尿苷(3)、3-吲哚甲醛(4)、naphthisoxazol A(5)、氨基苯丙酰胺(6)、N-benzoyl-2-aminoethyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(7)、ω-hydroxypropioguaiacone(8)、arbutin(9)、icariside D1(10)、lcariside F2(11)、(+)-erythroguaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-(coniferyl alcohol)ether(12)、(-)-threo-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4'-(coniferyl alcohol)ether(13)和coniferine(14)。结论化合物3~14为首次从苍耳属植物中分离得到。