工作坊教学模式在重症监护病房心肺复苏培训中的应用

目的 探讨工作坊教学模式在重症监护病房(ICU)心肺复苏(CPR)培训中的应用效果。方法 将60名ICU规培医师按随机数字表法分为对照组与研究组,每组30名学员。对照组采用传统教学模式,研究组采用工作坊教学模式。比较两组学员CPR理论考试和操作考试的成绩,并调查两组学员对教学模式的满意程度。结果 研究组学员理论考试成绩高于对照组[(90.50±3.42)分vs.(85.47±4.66)分,t=4.769,P<0.001),研究组学员操作考试成绩也高于对照组[(90.17±2.79)分vs.(86.33±3.12)分,t=5.012,P<0.001],学员对工作坊教学模式的满意度高于传统教学模式(93.3%vs.73.3%,χ²=4.320,P=0.038)。结论 在ICU采用工作坊教学模式进行CPR培训可以提高培训的效果,值得进一步研究。     

提升医学编辑素质,提高临床研究质量--循证医学与医学杂志编辑高级研修班小结

分析并总结循证医学与医学杂志编辑高级研修班的师资、授课内容与方式、学员来源分布及此次培训所取得的近期成效,为提高医学期刊编辑业务素质,促进临床研究质量提高探索一条新思路.     

The way forward for ETEC controlled human infection models (CHIMs)

In the absence of good animal models, Controlled Human Infection Models (CHIMs) are useful to assess efficacy of new vaccine candidates against Enterotoxic Escherichia coli (ETEC), as well as other preventive or therapeutic interventions. At the 2018 Vaccines Against Shigella and ETEC (VASE) conference, a workshop was held to further review and discuss new challenge model developments and key issues related to further model standardization. During the workshop, invited speakers briefly summarized for attendees recent developments and main agenda issues before workshop participants were divided into four groups for more focused discussions.The main issues discussed were: (1) whether there is a need for more ETEC strains to test a diversity of vaccine candidates, and if so, what criteria/qualities are desirable in strain selection; (2) how ETEC CHIMs could be more standardized to better support ETEC vaccine development; (3) how volunteer selection criteria and screening should be performed, and; (4) how an expanded sample collection schema and collaborative analysis plan may facilitate a more in-depth assessment of the role of antigen-specific humoral and cellular immune responses in ETEC infection, and provide better insights into ETEC pathogenesis and correlates of protection.The workshop concluded that additional challenge strains may need to be developed to better support new vaccines and therapeutics that are advancing in the development pipeline. In this regard, the need for a well characterized ST-only expressing ETEC strain was highlighted as a priority given that promising new heat stable toxoid based vaccine candidates are on the horizon. In addition, further standardization of the ETEC CHIMs was strongly encouraged, noting that it may not be realistic to standardize across all strains. Also, intensified volunteer screening may result in higher attack rates, although more stringent eligibility criteria may contribute to a more limited application of the model and diminish its representativeness. Finally, a sampling schedule and priority list for minimum set of samples was also proposed. Future workshops could be held to further refine standards for ETEC CHIMS and to facilitate more collaborative work on stored sample sets from previous and future ETEC CHIMs to maximize the contribution of these trials to our understanding of ETEC pathogenesis and our development of better prevention and control measures for this important pathogen.     

海门市某工业园区4家企业车间空气中苯毒危害控制对策

目的探讨车间空气中苯污染控制对策及效果。方法分析海门市某工业园区4家企业车间空气中苯浓度变化状况,在企业原有的设备基础上对企业现有防护设施进行改造,结合加强职业卫生监督管理和卫生指导等措施,对该项目职业病危害控制效果进行评价。结果车间作业环境明显改善,4家企业环境苯检测合格率整改前为19．30％,整改后升到91．23％,车间空气中苯浓度控制在国家容许浓度范围内,治理前后差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）;职工健康状况改善,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05或P〈0．01）。结论苯危害控制措施较为有效,为今后改扩建企业苯毒危害治理提供依据。     

Asian society of gynecologic oncology workshop 2010

This workshop was held on July 31-August 1, 2010 and was organized to promote the academic environment and to enhance the communication among Asian countries prior to the 2nd biennial meeting of Australian Society of Gynaecologic Oncologists (ASGO), which will be held on November 3-5, 2011. We summarized the whole contents presented at the workshop. Regarding cervical cancer screening in Asia, particularly in low resource settings, and an update on human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination was described for prevention and radical surgery overview, fertility sparing and less radical surgery, nerve sparing radical surgery and primary chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced cervical cancer, were discussed for management. As to surgical techniques, nerve sparing radical hysterectomy, optimal staging in early ovarian cancer, laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, one-port surgery and robotic surgery were introduced. After three topics of endometrial cancer, laparoscopic surgery versus open surgery, role of lymphadenectomy and fertility sparing treatment, there was a special additional time for clinical trials in Asia. Finally, chemotherapy including neo-adjuvant chemotherapy, optimal surgical management, and the basis of targeted therapy in ovarian cancer were presented.     

The impact of an interactive workshop on the management of urinary catheterization on nurses

The aim of this study was to determine whether a structured workshop for nurses promoting best practice technique for management of indwelling urinary catheters results in an improvement in knowledge on the subject. A one-group pre-post test quasi-experimental design using a convenience sample was used. Nurses attended a workshop utilizing interactive lecture approaches, and based on best practice technique for the management of indwelling urinary catheters. Participants (n = 30, 55% of those invited) completed a multiple choice question (MCQ) test, derived from topics to be covered in the workshop, prior to the intervention. The MCQ test was repeated after the workshop to assess retention and application of knowledge. There was a significant improvement in mean test scores after the workshop when compared with pre-workshop scores (mean = 16·9, SD = 1·1 vs. mean = 8·5, SD = 1·7, p < 0·001). It is concluded that interactive lecture workshops based on best practice techniques for the management of urinary catheterization help improve nurses' knowledge. Such educational initiatives also help to overcome deficiencies in initial nurse training where preparation for quality catheter care can be lacking. Within the limitations of a small-scale single-group study of a convenience sample, the information gained in this study will be valuable in helping to establish a baseline for further research. It may also help guide improvements in the implementation of policies for improved management of the care provided to people with an indwelling urinary catheter with the ultimate goal of enhancing safe and quality patient care.     

Challenges to Promoting Population-Based Cancer Registration in Iran: a Workshop Report

In December 2011, the Cancer Research Centre of the Cancer Institute of Iran sponsored a 3-day workshopon “Cancer Registration Principle and Challenges in Iran”, which convened cancer registry experts. Theobjectives of the workshop were: to introduce standard cancer registration, to review the policy and procedureof cancer registration in Iran, and to review the best practices in the cancer registries in Iran. Challenges tocancer registration were discussed and recommendations were developed. The workshop was evaluated byparticipants for better organization of subsequent workshops. The objective of publication of this report is thatbased on Cancer in 5 Continents, many low- or middle-income countries do not meet the criteria for a standardpopulation-based cancer registry (PBCR); on the other hand cancer is the most important cause of mortalityand the essential part of any cancer control program is the cancer registry. Therefore this report focuses onproblems and challenges of PBCR and provides recommendations which might help other developing countriesto decrease their PBCR defects.     

‘Tackling cancer in the EU: The role of innovation’

The objective of the workshop was to examine what Cancer Innovation in Europe means and what it should be standing for in the future. The panel discussion brought together patients, researchers, politicians and industry in order to examine what cancer innovation represents to them, what the challenges are to innovation, and how innovation in this research area can be encouraged and developed in the EU.     

Screening microarrays of novel monoclonal antibodies for binding to T-, B- and myeloid leukaemia cells

We have developed a microarray (DotScan) that enables rapid immunophenotyping and classification of leukaemias and lymphomas by measuring the capture of cells by immobilized dots of 82 CD antibodies [Belov, L., de la Vega, O., dos Remedios, C.G., Mulligan, S.P., 2001. Immunophenotyping of leukemia using a cluster of differentiation antibody microarray. Cancer Res. 61, 4483; Belov, L., Huang, P., Barber, N., Mulligan, S.P., Christopherson, R.I., 2003. Identification of repertoires of surface antigens on leukemias using an antibody microarray. Proteomics 3, 2147]. The DotScan technology has been used to investigate the properties of 498 new antibodies submitted to the HLDA8 Workshop. These antibodies have been applied as 10 nl dots to a film of nitrocellulose on a microscope slide to make an HLDA8 microarray. After blocking the remaining nitrocellulose surface, individual arrays were incubated with each of 7 cell types from a human leukaemia cell panel consisting of three cell lines, CCRF-CEM (a T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia), MEC-1 (derived from B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia) and HL-60 (a promyelocytic leukaemia), and four leukaemias from patients: a T-cell prolymphocytic leukaemia, a B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, and two acute myeloid leukaemias. Leukaemia cells were captured by those immobilized antibodies for which they expressed the corresponding surface molecule. Unbound cells were gently washed off, bound cells were fixed to the arrays and dot patterns were recorded using a DotScan array reader and quantified using DotScan data analysis software. The data obtained show the unique expression profiles of the 7 cell types in the leukaemia cell panel obtained with the DotScan microarray, and the differential capture patterns for these 7 cell types screened against the 498 antibodies in the HLDA8 microarray constructed for this study.