Assessment of the Benefits of Targeted Interventions for Pandemic Control in China Based on Machine Learning Method and Web Service for COVID-19 Policy Simulation

Taking the Chinese city of Xiamen as an example, simulation and quantitative analysis were performed on the transmissions of the Coronavirus Disease 2019(COVID-19) and the influence of intervention combinations to assist policymakers in the preparation of targeted response measures. A machine learning model was built to estimate the effectiveness of interventions and simulate transmission in different scenarios. The comparison was conducted between simulated and real cases in Xiamen. A web inter...     

Clinical Simulation Augments Traditional Interviewing of Advanced Practice Provider Candidates

An essential role of critical care advanced practice providers—advanced practice registered nurses and physician assistants—is to have knowledge and competency to make accurate and efficient decisions. The ability to manage clinical scenarios involving medically deteriorating patients requires higher-order cognitive thinking and leadership skills that are challenging to extrapolate in traditional interviews. In critical care, advanced practice providers must make rapid clinical assessments and implement appropriate medical interventions to deter progression of life-threatening illnesses. Adding clinical simulation to the traditional interview allows interviewers to evaluate applicants’ crisis resource management skills, leadership, and clinical competency.     

模拟环境下间隔学习对临床技能习得与保持的影响研究进展

临床技能习得与保持一直是医学教育发展面临的重要问题,而随着医学教育的发展与改革,模拟环境下的间隔学习模式受到广泛关注。文章对模拟环境下间隔学习对临床技能习得与保持的影响研究进展进行综述:首先,阐述间隔学习可能的机制;然后,揭示间隔学习在国内外模拟教育的应用现状。文章指出间隔学习在临床技能教学实践中需要注意"加大临床投入,重视临床实践""深入理论基础,完善实证研究""基于我国现状,由浅入深探究"。     

虚拟现实技术在儿童疼痛管理中的应用进展

近年来虚拟现实技术被引入医疗领域,成为疼痛管理的新形式,但目前在我国儿童疼痛管理中的应用较少。本研究从虚拟现实技术的概述、设备种类与使用方式、干预效果3个部分进行综述,以期为我国虚拟现实技术在儿童疼痛管理中的临床实践提供参考。     

The effects of different environments on older adults’ ability to successfully cross a closing gap in virtual reality

BackgroundTo navigate through dynamically changing environments and to avoid collisions with stationary and moving obstacles, older adults tend to over rely on their visual system because it is a more reliable source of information. Aging affects both visuomotor integration and visual perception, often resulting in the inability to produce appropriate adaptive locomotor actions in a timely manner.Research questionDoes peripheral visual information in the environment affected older adults’ ability to complete a gap-crossing task with a set of closing doors at different rates (0.6–1.2 m/s)?MethodsFifteen older adults (65–74 years) completed the study inside a virtual environment with three different levels of peripheral visual information: 1) empty; 2) stationary avatars; and 3) moving avatars. Kinematic data was collected using an Optotrak camera system to track the older adults’ body movements during the task.ResultsThe results demonstrated that regardless of the environment or closing door speed, older adults maintained consistent approach speeds. However, older adults collided with the fastest moving doors a significant number of times at the fastest door closing rates for the empty and moving avatar conditions.SignificanceAlthough it appears that older adults are able to attend on a central task (i.e., passing through closing doors) and maintain constant behaviours regardless of the visual information from peripheral environment, richness of the peripheral environment provides accurate feedback about self-motion affects success rates.     

The scope of computerized simulation in competency-based maxillofacial training: a systematic review

Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) teaching is set to undergo a paradigm shift towards competency-based training. With increasing focus on resident skill development and patient safety, computerized simulators are likely to play a more mainstream role in OMS training. A systematic review of the available literature was conducted, in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, to highlight the scope of computerized simulation in OMS teaching. A PubMed search was performed by two independent reviewers, and 35 articles published in English between 2010 and 2021 that reported the use of computerized simulation for teaching maxillofacial procedures were included in the analysis. Eight articles on minor oral surgery, seven on orthognathic surgery, five on maxillofacial trauma, five on cleft lip and palate surgery, three articles each on nerve block techniques, endoscopic procedures, and reconstructive surgery, and one article on fibre-optic intubation reported the use of computerized simulation that can be applied to OMS training. Ten randomized controlled trials were identified in the search. However there was marked heterogeneity among the studies. Simulator training for skill acquisition mentored by an expert OMS educator could offer holistic resident training; however more studies that test common themes of resident training such as knowledge acquisition and skill development are necessary.