椎体成形术联合补肾健骨汤治疗老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床效果

目的:分析椎体成形术联合补肾健骨汤治疗老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折的临床效果。方法:选择2016年9月-2019年4月本院收治的73例老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折患者,按随机数表法分为两组,对照组(36例)采用椎体成形术治疗,研究组(37例)在对照组的基础上加用补肾健骨汤治疗,对比两组临床效果、腰椎功能及疼痛度。结果:研究组治疗总有效率94.59%(35/37)比对照组高(P<0.05);研究组腰椎功能评分(16.36±1.69)分,明显比对照组优(P<0.05);研究组治疗后腰椎疼痛度为(3.13±0.23)分,明显比对照组低,差异具有统计意义(P<0.05)。结论:老年骨质疏松性压缩骨折采用椎体成形术联合补肾健骨汤治疗,可减轻疼痛度,改善腰椎功能,还能提高治疗效果,值得临床推广。     

Risk factors for newly developed osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures following treatment for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Background context

It has been reported that newly developed osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) occur at a relatively high frequency after treatment. While there are many reports on possible risk factors, these have not yet been clearly established.

经皮穿刺椎体成形术治疗90岁以上老人骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的 探讨经皮穿刺椎体成形术（percutaneous vertebroplasty,PVP）治疗90岁以上老人骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折（osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture,OVCF）的临床疗效。方法 2006年7月～2012年1月,对连续住院的90岁以上老人胸腰椎OVCF 65例行PVP治疗,共计71个椎体,详细记录术前及术后疼痛视觉模拟评分（visual analogue scale,VAS）、止痛药使用评分、活动能力评分、新发骨折情况等。结果 53例获得完整随访,12例因并发心脑血管疾病、肺部感染等内科疾病死亡或失访。术后2小时、5天、1个月、半年及1年的疼痛VAS分别为中位数3.00（1～5）、2.00（0～4）、1.00（O～3）、1.00（0～3）及1.00（0～3）,与术前VAS评分[8.00（5～10）]比较,差异均有显著性（P〈0.05）。止痛药使用评分术后2小时[1.00（0～2）]较术前[1.00（0～4）]显著改善（P〈0.05）,末次随访时均为0,与术后比较差异显著（P〈0.05）。活动能力评分术后5天[2.00（1～3）]较术前[4.00（2～4）]明显改善（P〈0.05）,末次随访时为[2.00（1～3）],活动能力进一步改善。截至末次随访时,lO例新发OVCF,新发骨折率为18.9％（10／53）,其中邻近节段骨折7例,发生率13.2％（7／53）。结论 对于90岁以上老人的OVCF,PVP能显著缓解疼痛,明显改善活动能力,减少对止痛药物依赖,是有效可靠的治疗手段。     

经皮椎体强化治疗的实验研究

目的　探讨经皮椎体强化术的方法及聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PMMA)在椎体内的影像学分布。方法　 15个新鲜腰椎椎体随机分成三组 ,经椎弓根分别注入三种不同浓度的PMMA。结果　 2∶3浓度的PMMA强化效果好。结论　CT引导下的经皮椎体强化术是安全、可靠的。     

Early Vertebroplasty versus Delayed Vertebroplasty for Acute Osteoporotic Compression Fracture : Are the Results of the Two Surgical Strategies the Same?

Objective

In Korea, early vertebroplasty (EVP) or delayed vertebroplasty (DVP, which is performed at least 2 weeks after diagnosis) were performed for the treatment of acute osteoporotic compression fracture (OCF) of the spine. The present study compared the outcomes of two surgical strategies for the treatment of single-level acute OCF in the thoracolumbar junction (T12-L2).

Methods

From 2004 to 2010, 23 patients were allocated to the EVP group (EVPG) and 27 patients to the DVP group (DVPG). Overall mean age was 68.3±7.9 and minimum follow-up period was 1.0 year. Retrospective study of clinical and radiological results was conducted.

Results

No significant differences in baseline characteristics were observed between the two groups. As expected, mean duration from onset to vertebroplasty and mean duration of hospital stay were significantly longer in the DVPG (17.1±2.1 and 17.5±4.2) than in the EVPG (3.8±3.3 and 10.8±5.1, p=0.001). Final clinical outcome including visual analogue scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index, and Odom''s criteria did not differ between the two groups. However, immediate improvement of the VAS after vertebroplasty was greater in the EVPG (5.1±1.3) than in the DVPG (4.0±1.0, p=0.002). The proportion of cement leakage was lower in the EVPG (30.4%) than in the DVPG (59.3%, p=0.039). In addition, semiquantitative grade of cement interdigitation was significantly more favorable in the EVPG than in the DVPG (p=0.003). Final vertebral body collapse and segmental kyphosis did not differ significantly between the two groups.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that EVP achieves a better immediate surgical effect with more favorable cost-effectiveness.     

Mechanism of formation of intravertebral clefts in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures: An in vitro biomechanical study

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Intravertebral clefts (IVCs) are vacuum-like cavities commonly associated with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). IVCs promote cement leakage during kyphoplasty, suggesting a physical link with the basivertebral foramen, although this is uncertain.

Management of vertebral fragility fractures: a clinical care pathway developed by a multispecialty panel using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness Method

BACKGROUND CONTEXT

Vertebral fragility fractures (VFFs), mostly due to osteoporosis, are very common and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. There is a lack of consensus on the appropriate management of patients with or suspected of having a VFF.

Clinical outcomes of percutaneous vertebroplasty for selective single segment dorsolumbar vertebral compression fractures

Overview of literature

Elderly patients sustaining a trivial fall may develop vertebral compression fractures if they are predisposed to any factor that leads to decreased bone mineral density. Such patients suffer with severe pain and disability during the early healing stages. Percutaneous Vertebroplasty is mainly done to provide immediate pain relief and also believed to offer stability to the compressed vertebra by preventing further collapse.

经皮椎体成形术治疗以脊柱源性腹痛为主要症状的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折

目的:分析经皮椎体成形术对以脊柱源性腹痛为主要症状的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折的疗效。方法:回顾性分析2015年1月至2021年1月就诊的37例骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折患者,患者均以脊柱源性腹痛为主要症状,根据治疗方法不同分为手术组(21例)和保守组(16例)。手术组患者采用经皮椎体成形术治疗,男7例,女14例,年龄(75.95±6.84)岁,病程(5.26±3.79) d。保守组患者采用非手术治疗,男5例,女11例,年龄(75.50±8.07)岁,病程(4.28±3.42) d。两组患者术前主要表现为腹痛、腹胀或便秘,均无明显胸腰背部疼痛症状,经胸腰椎MRI确诊为新鲜的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折,术后记录其腹痛视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS),简明健康状况调查表(medical outcomes study short form-36,SF-36)评分,治疗后排便时间等。结果:37例患者均获得随访,随访时间手术组(14.90±14.11)个月,保守组(21.42±17.53)个月。两组患者治疗前基线资料比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相较于治疗前,手术组治疗后各时段VAS、保守组治疗后1个月VAS、两组治疗后3个月SF-36中8个维度评分均较术前明显改善(P<0.05);保守组治疗后3 d VAS与术前比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗前1 d 的VAS、SF-36中8个维度评分组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗后3 d 的VAS、治疗后3个月生活活力及社会功能维度评分、治疗后排便时间手术组均优于保守组(P<0.05),其余指标差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。手术组患者切口愈合良好,两组患者均无严重并发症发生。结论:经皮椎体成形术是治疗以脊柱源性腹痛为主要症状的骨质疏松性椎体压缩性骨折有效的方法,与保守治疗相比,在早期缓解腹痛及便秘症状、恢复生活活力及社会功能方面更有优势。