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1.
ObjectiveThe use of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) in lung transplantation has been steadily increasing over the prior decade, with evolving strategies for incorporating support in the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative settings. There is significant practice variability in the use of these techniques, however, and relatively limited data to help establish institutional protocols. The objective of the AATS Clinical Practice Standards Committee (CPSC) expert panel was to review the existing literature and establish recommendations about the use of MCS before, during, and after lung transplantation.MethodsThe AATS CPSC assembled an expert panel of 16 lung transplantation physicians who developed a consensus document of recommendations. The panel was broken into subgroups focused on preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative support, and each subgroup performed a focused literature review. These subgroups formulated recommendation statements for each subtopic, which were evaluated by the entire group. The statements were then developed via discussion among the panel and refined until consensus was achieved on each statement.ResultsThe expert panel achieved consensus on 36 recommendations for how and when to use MCS in lung transplantation. These recommendations included the use of veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridging strategy in the preoperative setting, a preference for central veno-arterial ECMO over traditional cardiopulmonary bypass during the transplantation procedure, and the benefit of supporting selected patients with MCS postoperatively.ConclusionsAchieving optimal results in lung transplantation requires the use of a wide range of strategies. MCS provides an important mechanism for helping these critically ill patients through the peritransplantation period. Despite the complex nature of the decision making process in the treatment of these patients, the expert panel was able to achieve consensus on 36 recommendations. These recommendations should provide guidance for professionals involved in the care of end-stage lung disease patients considered for transplantation.  相似文献   
2.
目的探讨脂蛋白a[Lp(a)]联合单核细胞/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值(MHR)在非ST段抬高型急性冠脉综合征(NSTE-ACS)患者冠状动脉(冠脉)病变严重程度及预后中的评估及其价值。方法选择2020年3月至2021年3月安徽医科大学第一附属医院符合纳入标准的NSTE-ACS患者(n=310),依据冠脉造影结果进行Gensini评分,以Gensini积分的第3四分位数(QU=38)为切点,分为高危组(QU≥38,n=74)和非高危组(QU<38,n=236),比较其一般资料,并使用Logistic回归分析Lp(a)、MHR与冠脉病变严重程度的相关性;使用ROC曲线评估Lp(a)联合MHR评估冠脉病变严重程度及预后的价值。结果高危组和非高危组患者性别、吸烟史、高血压病、糖尿病、高胆固醇血症、肾功能不全等病史、他汀药物应用发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但高危组患者年龄、血Lp(a)水平和MHR均显著高于非高危组(P<0.01)。Spearman相关分析发现,Lp(a)和MHR分别与Gensini评分呈正相关(r=0.316,P<0.05;r=0.715,P<0.05)。Logistic多因素二元回归分析示,Lp(a)、年龄和MHR是冠脉高危病变的独立危险因素(P<0.01,P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析示,Lp(a)和MHR联合检测对冠脉高危病变评估的AUC(0.854),分别大于Lp(a)和MHR单独检测的AUC(0.852、0.754);联合评估的敏感度73.0%,高于单独检测Lp(a)的55.6%,但低于MHR的82.4%;联合评估的特异度85.6%,高于Lp(a)及MHR单独检测(84.1%、61.9%)。ROC曲线分析示,Lp(a)和MHR联合对NSTE-ACS患者不良预后评估的AUC(0.800),分别大于Lp(a)和MHR单独检测的AUC(0.781、0.739);联合评估患者预后的敏感度为72.2%,高于Lp(a)及MHR单独检测(66.7%、66.7%);联合评估的特异度为81.9%,高于MHR单独检测的80.9%,但低于Lp(a)单独检测的84.8%。结论异常升高的血Lp(a)水平联合MHR对NSTE-ACS患者冠脉病变的严重程度和不良预后具有较高的判断价值。  相似文献   
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4.
PurposeTo study, from a U.S. payer’s perspective, the economic consequences of drug-coated balloon (DCB) versus standard percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) use for the treatment of stenotic lesions in dysfunctional hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulae.Materials and MethodsCost differences between DCBs and PTA at year 1 and beyond were calculated via 2 methods. The first approach used the mean absolute number of trial-observed access circuit reinterventions through 12 months (0.65 ± 1.05 vs 1.05 ± 1.18 events per patient for DCBs and PTA, respectively) and projected treatment outcomes to 3 years. The second approach was based on the trial-observed access circuit primary patency rates at 12 months (53.8% vs 32.4%) and calculated the cost difference on the basis of previously published Medicare cost for patients who maintained or did not maintain primary patency. Assumptions regarding DCB device prices were tested in sensitivity analyses, and the numbers needed to treat were calculated.ResultsUsing the absolute number of access circuit reinterventions approach, the DCB strategy resulted in an estimated per-patient savings of $1,632 at 1 year and $4,263 at 3 years before considering the DCB device cost. The access circuit primary patency approach was associated with a per-patient cost savings of $2,152 at 1 year and $3,894 at 2.5 years of follow-up. At the theoretical DCB device reimbursement of $1,800, savings were $1,680 and $2,049 at 2.5 and 3 years, respectively. The one-year NNT of DCB compared to PTA was 2.48.ConclusionsEndovascular therapy for arteriovenous access stenosis with the IN.PACT AV DCB can be expected to be cost-saving if longer follow-up data confirm its clinical effectiveness.  相似文献   
5.
BackgroundDiabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and may provoke structural and functional changes in coronary vasculature. The coronary volume to left ventricular mass (V/M) ratio is a new anatomical parameter capable of revealing a potential physiological imbalance between coronary vasculature and myocardial mass. The aim of this study was to examine the V/M derived from coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in patients with diabetes.MethodsPatients with clinically suspected CAD enrolled in the ADVANCE (Assessing Diagnostic Value of Non-invasive FFRCT in Coronary Care) registry and known diabetic status were included. Coronary artery volume and left ventricular myocardial mass were analyzed from CCTA and the V/M ratio was calculated and compared between patients with and without diabetes.ResultsOf the 3053 patients (age 66 ?± ?10 years; 66% male) with known diabetic status, diabetes was present in 21.9%. Coronary volume was lower in patients with diabetes compared to those without diabetes (2850 ?± ?940 ?mm3 vs. 3040 ?± ?970 ?mm3, p ?< ?0.0001), whereas the myocardial mass was comparable between the 2 groups (122 ?± ?33 ?g vs. 122 ?± ?32 ?g, p ?= ?0.70). The V/M ratio was significantly lower in patients with diabetes (23.9 ?± ?6.8 ?mm3/g vs. 25.7 ?± ?7.5 ?mm3/g, p ?< ?0.0001). Among subjects with obstructive CAD (n ?= ?2191, 24.0% diabetics) and non-obstructive CAD (16.7% diabetics), the V/M ratio was significantly lower in patients with diabetes compared to those without (23.4 ?± ?6.7 ?mm3/g vs. 25.0 ?± ?7.3 ?mm3/g, p ?< ?0.0001 and 25.6 ?± ?6.9 ?mm3/g vs. 27.3 ?± ?7.6 ?mm3/g, respectively, p ?= ?0.006).ConclusionThe V/M ratio was significantly lower in patients with diabetes compared to non-diabetics, even after correcting for obstructive coronary stenosis. The clinical value of the reduced V/M ratio in diabetic patients needs further investigation.  相似文献   
6.
目的探讨叶天士治疗便闭病用药规律,以供临床参考和借鉴。方法收集《临证指南医案》“肠痹门”“便闭门”处方中药,运用Excel、SPSS 22.0、SPSS Modeler软件进行证型、药物频次、属性统计及关联规则分析。结果叶氏治疗便闭病主要辨证为湿热内蕴、肾阳虚、阴虚火旺、肝肾阴虚、肺失宣肃等证型。药性以温、寒、平为主,药味以甘、辛、苦为主,归经以胃、脾、肺、肝、肾、心为主,常使用苦杏仁、当归、茯苓、柏子仁、瓜蒌皮等药物,根据关联规则分析得到常用药对配伍,如苦杏仁-瓜蒌皮、苦杏仁-郁金、当归-柏子仁等。结论叶天士治疗便闭病是以调理脾胃为中心,注重湿热在致病过程中的重要地位,注重肺气宣肃、肝气疏泄、膀胱气化作用。叶天士为后世医家提供了新的治疗思路与方法,具有临床指导意义。  相似文献   
7.
目的 探讨耳内镜下自体耳后皮下脂肪组织压片修补中大型鼓膜穿孔的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析耳内镜下应用自体耳后皮下脂肪组织压片修补中大型鼓膜穿孔52例(52耳)患者的临床资料,观察鼓膜穿孔的愈合及听力改善情况。结果 随访6~12个月,52例均未出现面瘫、味觉减退等手术并发症。52耳中49耳穿孔完全闭合,总治愈率94.2% (49/52),平均听力提高(14.7±3.1)dB;其中,外伤性穿孔31耳,治愈率96.8% (30/31),平均听力提高(14.3±1.6)dB;慢性中耳炎陈旧性穿孔21耳,治愈率90.5% (19/21),平均听力提高(15.4±4.4)dB。结论 脂肪组织压片可用于修补中大型鼓膜穿孔,疗效可靠,愈合率高。此技术优于脂肪嵌入法,扩大了脂肪组织修补鼓膜穿孔的临床应用。  相似文献   
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BackgroundDespite indications for the removal of temporary inferior vena cava (IVC) filters, many filters are unintentionally left in place, predisposing patients to adverse outcomes.ObjectiveThis quality improvement study set out to determine the impact of an IVC filter retrieval protocol on filter retrieval rates and patients lost to follow-up for patients who had undergone placement of a temporary IVC filter.MethodsFollowing a quasi-experimental design, data of all consecutive patients who underwent insertion of a temporary IVC filter for a period of 24-month preprotocol and 12-month postprotocol were compared.ResultsFilter retrieval rates of eligible filters increased from 64.2% to 100%; patients lost to follow-up decreased from 35.9% to 0% (p < .01, both outcomes).ConclusionAdoption of a comprehensive IVC filter protocol by the service that implants these devices can improve filter retrieval rates and decrease patients being lost to follow-up.  相似文献   
10.
目的比较美国BD Bactec树脂需氧瓶和溶血素厌氧瓶与法国梅里埃BacT/Alert树脂血培养瓶的抗生素吸附能力。方法选用临床常用抗生素:亚胺培南、万古霉素、氨苄西林、头孢曲松、甲硝唑、美罗培南、米卡芬净,按照一定浓度与标准菌株和无菌羊血混合,同时接种于2种品牌血培养瓶,记录不同血培养瓶五天内的阳性报警情况及检出时间,对比各血培养瓶的抗生素吸附能力。结果需氧瓶组:氨苄西林BMX-FA与BD-FA瓶检出率相同,均为100%,且BMX-FA较BD-FA瓶检出时间长(11.04±0.24 h vs 10.45±0.45 h),差异有统计学意义(t=2.59,P<0.05);含亚胺培南及头孢曲松组中,2种血培养瓶均未检出;含万古霉素组,BD-FA 比BMX-FA瓶的检出率低,分别为40%和100%,且BMX-FA 比BD-FA瓶的检出时间更短(15.70±0.76 h vs 21.50±0.71 h)差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);含米卡芬净组,BD-FA 比 BMX-FA瓶的检出率低,分别为60%和100%,且BMX-FA比BD-FA瓶检出时间更短(61.06±10.42 h vs 94.20±1.74h),差异有统计学意义(t=12.49,7.01,P<0.05)。厌氧瓶组:含亚胺培南、万古霉素、氨苄西林、甲硝唑、美罗培南的BD-FN瓶均未检出,BMX-FN瓶检出率均为100%;含头孢曲松组,2种血培养瓶均未检出。结论法国梅里埃BacT/Alert树脂血培养瓶的抗生素吸附能力总体上优于美国BD Bactec树脂需氧瓶和溶血素厌氧瓶,临床可根据抗生素使用情况选择合适的血培养瓶。  相似文献   
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