超声波中药离子透入促进骨折愈合的实验研究及临床观察

目的观察超声波中药离子透入疗法促进骨折愈合的作用。方法将12只新西兰种兔造成双侧腓骨骨折模型,采用超声波中药离子透入方法进行实验研究治疗,于不同时间取材,进行组织学观察。并采用同种疗法对50例胫腓骨骨折患者进行临床疗效观察。结果动物实验结果显示,实验组治疗14 d后骨折端有明显骨痂生成,35 d骨折基本愈合,明显早于对照组。临床观察结果显示,与对照组比较,观察组骨折临床愈合时间平均提前11 d,表明此法能较快消除肿胀疼痛,加快骨痂形成,缩短骨折愈合时间。临床随访3~12个月,全部病例骨折愈合,功能恢复良好。结论超声波中药离子透入能改善骨折部位血液循环,促进骨痂加速生长,缩短临床骨折愈合的时间,为治疗骨折提供了一种新方法。     

一种生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置的设计与验证

目的:设计一种生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置,为小粒径生物气溶胶分离采集和分析提供有效手段。方法:对经典旋风式分离采集装置结构参数进行优化,借助Fluent软件对筒体直径等关键结构参数对粒径分离效果的影响进行模拟仿真,确定生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置的最优结构参数,之后采用高纯铝材料制作生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置。采用TSI9310尘埃粒子计数器和六级安德森采样器对设计的生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置的粒径分离效果进行实验验证。结果:设计的生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置筒体直径为18 mm,该装置对于粒径小于3.3μm的生物气溶胶粒子基本无阻留,对于粒径大于3.3μm的粒子,分离阻留效率随粒径的增加逐渐增大。结论:生物气溶胶旋风式分离采集装置可以有效分离小粒径生物气溶胶粒子、阻留大粒径生物气溶胶粒子,达到粒径分离效果。     

超声心动图诊断左冠状动脉右房瘘5例

【】目的:分析左冠状动脉右房瘘的彩色多普勒超声心动图特征,探讨超声心动图对诊断左冠状动脉右房瘘的价值。方法：应用超声心动图的二维图像、彩色显像和频谱多普勒观察左冠状动脉右房瘘的解剖异常及心腔内异常高速血流。结果：超声心动图均可见解剖异常的左冠状动脉显著扩张,走行迂曲,全程追踪显示瘘管,并于心腔内可见异常双期连续高速分流频谱,与冠状动脉造影及手术结果相符。结论：超声心动图对左冠状动脉右房瘘的诊断有很高直观性及实用性价值     

右室流入道间隔部起搏对心脏血流动力学和心室激动顺序的影响

目的通过与右室心尖部(RVA)和右室流出道(RVOT)起搏比较,探讨右室流入道间隔部(RVIS)起搏对血流动力学和心室激动顺序的影响。方法选择24例阵发性室上性心动过速需行射频导管消融术(RFCA)且心功能正常和无室内传导阻滞的患者。在RFCA成功后,置入漂浮导管行血流动力学监测,用心室起搏电极以同一频率随机顺序起搏RVIS、RVOT和RVA,分别测定和比较各部位起搏时的心输出量(CO)、心脏指数(CI)、平均肺动脉压(mPAP)、肺毛细血管楔嵌压(PCWP)以及体表心电图上QRS波时限、JTc间期(经心率校正后的JT间期)和额面平均心电轴的变化。结果①RVIS、RVOT和RVA起搏时CO、CI、mPAP和PCWP等血流动力学指标均无差异(P>0.05)。②与正常窦性心律时QRS波时限比较,各部位起搏时QRS波时限均延长(P均<0.001),其中RVIS起搏时QRS波时限延长程度最小,RVA起搏时延长程度最大,各部位两两比较P均<0.05;JTc间期的变化有类似趋势,但各起搏部位之间比较无显著差异(P>0.05);与正常窦性心律时的额面平均心电轴比较,RVIS起搏时接近正常,RVOT起搏时电轴呈右偏趋势,RVA起搏时呈左偏趋势。结论①对心功能正常者RVIS起搏较RVOT和RVA起搏未表现出更佳的急性血流动力学效应。②RVIS起搏与RVOT和RVA起搏相比,能够保持相对正常的心室激动顺序。     

Proposal of a Parameter for OATP1B1 Inhibition Screening at the Early Drug Discovery Stage

It is known that potent inhibition of organic-anion-transporting polypeptide (OATP)1B1 increases exposure to statins, leading to severe adverse effects. The aim of this study was to propose a parameter and its criteria in OATP1B1 inhibition assay at the early drug discovery stage to avoid compounds with the risk of statin-related adverse effects. According to drug label information, most compounds classified as “contraindicated” or “should be avoided” when administered concomitantly with statins increased their AUCs more than 4-fold. Generally, R values where R = 1 + plasma unbound fraction (fu) × maximum inhibitor concentration at the inlet to the liver/IC₅₀ are used to evaluate the extent of clinical drug interaction. However, clinical doses and C_max cannot be determined at the screening stage. Therefore, we estimated the correlations between change in AUC of statins concomitantly administered with OATP1B1 inhibitors and various parameters including fu/IC₅₀. Cyclosporin A, rifampicin, and telaprevir increased the AUC of statins more than 4-fold and fu/IC₅₀ of these compounds was >0.1 L/μmol. On the other hand, fu/IC₅₀ of other compounds was ≤0.03 L/μmol. This study indicates that fu/IC₅₀ is a useful parameter to avoid compounds that seriously affect statin potency through interaction with OATP1B1 at the screening stage.     

应用FibroTouch技术评价2型糖尿病肾病患者肝脏脂肪变性和纤维化程度及二者相关性

目的 利用FibroTouch技术,评价2型糖尿病肾病（DN）患者肝脏脂肪变性和肝脏纤维化的程度及二者的相关性。方法 选取2型糖尿病肾病患者90例。根据肾小球滤过率（eGFR）将其分为三组,eGFR≥90ml?min-1(1.73m2)-1为A组(30例),60ml?min-1?(1.73m2)-1≤eGFR＜90ml?min-1?(1.73m2)-1为B组（30例）,eGFR＜60 ml?min-1?(1.73m2)-1为C组（30例）,同时选取30名健康志愿者为对照组。应用FibroTouch技术获得肝脏脂肪衰减值（db/m）和肝脏硬度值（Kpa）。结果 各组肝脏脂肪衰减值和肝脏硬度值比较,A、B、C组均明显高于对照组（P均＜0.05）,B、C组均高于A组（P均＜0.05）,C组高于B组（P＜0.05）;肝脏脂肪衰减值和肝脏硬度值呈正相关关系（r=0.733,P＜0.01）。结论 应用FibroTouch技术可以准确、无创地评价DN患者的肝脏脂肪变性和纤维化程度,具有重要的临床意义。     

AM-1000A神经功能重建仪配合超声波治疗脑卒中后肩痛的疗效

目的观察AM-1 000A神经功能重组仪配合超声波治疗脑卒中后肩痛的疗效。方法本科收治68例脑卒中后肩痛患者,随机分为治疗组(神经功能重建仪配合超声疗波疗法)38例和对照组(传统针刺法)30例,于治疗前后肩疼痛程度改善情况、生活自理能力。结果治疗组总有效率100%,对照组总有效率86.7%。结论 AM-1 000A神经功能重建仪配合超声波疗法治疗脑卒中后肩痛疗效显著,无创伤,无痛苦,更容易被患者接受。     

Endoscopic diagnosis and treatment of inlet patch: Justification,techniques, and results

Esophageal gastric inlet patches (EGIPs) comprise an island of heterotopic gastric columnar epithelium in the cervical esophagus with a reported prevalence of up to 10%. Usually the diagnosis is made by chance in the course of an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. After histopathologic examination EGIPs can be classified as oxyntic (mucosal glands contain parietal cells), mucoid type (mucosa is composed solely of glands with mucous cells), or mixed type (presence of both: glands with parietal cells and glands of mucous cells). Despite their overall low incidence of clinically relevant conditions, EGIPs seem to be a significant entity. Few individuals with EGIPs report symptoms of globus sensations, dysphagia, hoarseness, or chronic cough that are often misinterpreted as an atypical manifestation of gastroesophageal reflux disease. It is known that these symptoms significantly compromise the patients' quality of life. Therefore, therapy should be initiated. However, proton pump inhibitors' response seems to be poor in these patients. We were able to show that an interventional ablative endoscopic therapy by argon plasma coagulation can be a safe and effective procedure. However, further researches are required to better understand the clinical significance of EGIPs and their association to symptoms.